US1480281A - Condenser for engine-cooling systems - Google Patents

Description

Patented Jan. 8, 1924.

proved condenser UNITED STATES 1,480,281 PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY C. MALLORY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.; SUE R- MALLORY ADMINISTRATRIX or SAID HARRY C. MALLORY, DECEASED.

CONDENSER FOR ENGIN E-COOLIN G SYSTEMS.

Application filed July 30, 1921, Serial No. 488,595. Renewed December 6, 1923.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY C. MALLoRY, a citizen of the United States, and resident of New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Condensers for Engine-Cooling Systems, of which the following is a specification.

y present invention consists in an unadapted to receive vapor and boiling liquid through an inlet at its top, and to condense the vapor, the unvaporized liquid into the condenser hot well without contact with the condensing surfaces and the consequent reduction of their condensing capacity. My inven tion is especially adapted for use in an engine cooling system of the type disclosed inmy prior application, Serial N 0. 482090, filed July 2, 1921, but is not necessarily limited to such use. The distinguishing characteristic of my present invention is the provision in water flow and steam distributing channels extending vertically downward past the condensing surfaces of bafiles which retard the flow through said channels and thereby facilitate the liberation of vapor carried by the liquid and also increase the cooling of the liquid itself as ma be desirable in some cases.

he various features of novelty which characterize my invention are pointed out with articularity in the claims annexed to and fbrming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention, however, and the advantages possessed by it, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated preferred embodiments of my invention. 1

Of the drawings:

Fig. 1 is an elevation of an engine cooling system in which my improved condenser is employed, the condenser being shown in section on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figjli is a partial section taken similarly to Fig. 2 illustrating a modified construction; and

Fig. 4 is a 44 of Fig. 3.

In Figs. 1 and 2 ofthe drawings I have shown my improved condenser employed in an engine cooling system comprising a coolpartial section on the line and to pass ing liquid jacket A an ordinary internal engine. An inlet A for the cylinder A combustion automobile is provided at the botspace for the cooling liquid which will ordinarily be water or a water and alcohol mixture, and A represents a jacket outlet for vapor which also serves as the overflow outlet for the cooling fluld. The outlet A is connected b a conduit 0, which may advantageously include a flexible coupling C to the upper chamber 13 of the condenser. The hot well l3 of the condenser B is connected to the acket inlet A by a return connection ineluding pipe sections D and D and a circulating pump E which is driven from the engine shaft through the reducing gear E, the latter also driving the usual fan G through a belt G. An air pipe H running from the condenser to the suction intake mamfold L of the engine forms a means for withdrawing air from, and maintaining a vacuum in the condenser. As shown the plpe H extends through the condenser and formed with an air inlet ort H at its under side. The air pipe is shown as provided with a steam trap or valve I through the pipe H. As shown the pipe section D connected to the condenser by a vent pipe to prevent the jacket from draining into the condenser when the circulating pump is stopped. M represents a safety valve limiting the pressure in the condenser and represents a vacuum relief valve, preferably adjustable, which is adapted to open and admit air to the condenser when the pressure therein falls to a predetermined minimum.

The condenser is provided with distributed condensing surfaces B which advantageously, as shown, are formed by horizontal pipes having their ends expanded and connected together to thereby form portions of the front and rear walls of the condenser shell. In the respect. noted the condenser is similar in construction to the radiator commonly used in an automobile cooling system of the water circulation type. The' tubes B are spaced away from the top of the condenser shell to provide the inlet chamber B and are spaced away from the bottom of the condenser shell to provide the hot well space B, and are spaced away from the side edges of the condenser shell to provide channels B. The latter form paths of flow for unvaporized liquid entering the chamber 13*, and also form channels for distributing vapor into the side edges of the intertube space. B represents a bafile extending over the bank of tubes B at the bottom of the chamber 13*, and R repre sents rain plates for diverting liquid of condensation formed in the upper portion of the intertube space into the channels B and thereby preventing it from flowing over the lower tubes. In so far as above described the condenser shown is like that disclosed in my prior application, Serial No. 482,090.

The condenser forming the subject matter of the present invention differs from that disclosed in my prior application however in that bafiies are provided for retarding the downward flow of liquid and vapor through the channels B, thereby facilitating the liberation of vapor from the liquid and permitting of an increased cooling effect on the liquid without any such sacrifice of condensing capacity as would result from causing the liquid to flow over all or a considerable portion of the tubes B.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 in each channel B is a series of baffles O inclined downwardly from the outer edge of the condenser shell, and a second series of bafiles O which alternate with the baflies O and are inclined downwardly from the adjacent edge of the bank of tubes. Advantageously as shown baflle O is provided with an upturned portion 0 preventing liquid running off the baffle 0 immediately above, from splashing into the intertube space.

In the modified construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4.- the bafiles O and O are replaced by two series of bafies O and O which are oppositely inclined downwardly from the front and rear walls of the condenser shell.

In the contemplated operation of the cooling system shown in the drawings, liquid is forced into the jacket through the inlet A at a rate substantially in excess of the rate at which liquid will be evaporated in the s stem by the heat absorbed in the jacket A.

n consequence in regular operation liquid flows continually out of the top of the jacket throu h the outlet A With suitably designed apparatus under certain conditions of operation all of the vapor generated by the heat absorbed in the jacket will be liberated in the jacket A or in the conduit C to the condenser so that the dischar e from the latter into the condenser space will comprise a lower stream of liquid and an upper stream of vapor. Under other conditions, however, the discharge into the condenser chamber C from the conduit C will consist wholly or mainly of boiling liquid.

, In any case the liquid and any free vapor in the chamber C will pass from the latter downward into the channels B The baffles O and O, or O and '0 provided in accordance with the present invention, break up the streams of liquid and give both the time and broken character of flow through the channels B desirable for the complete liberation of vapor from the liquid and will substantially restrict the flow of vapor directly into the condenser hot well. The retarding of the liquid flowing throu h the channels B tends to an increased coo ing of the liquid which is desirable in many cases.

While in accordance with the rovisions of the statutes I have illustrate and described the best form of my resent invention now known to me, it wi 1 be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the form of my invention without departing from the spirit of my invention as set forth in the appended claims, and that certain features of my invention may sometimes be used to advantage without a corresponding use of other features.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In an engine cooling system, the combination with a liquid cooling jacket having a top outlet, of a surface condenser comprising distributing condensing surfaces arranged to provide one or more distributing channels leading downward past the condensing surfaces, a connection from said outlet to the upper portion of the condenser for passing lliquid and vapor into the latter, means wit in the condenser for diverting liquid away from said condensing surfaces and into said channels, bafiles for retarding and breaking up the streams of liquid flowing downward through the channels, and means for returning liquid from the bottom of the condenser to the jacket.

2. In an engine cooling system, the combination with a liquid cooling jacket having a top outlet, of a surface condenser comprising distributing condensing surfaces arranged to provide one or more distributing channels leading downward past the con-- (lensing surfaces, a connection from said outlet to the upper portion of the condenser for passing liquid and vapor into the latter, means within the condenser for diverting liquid away from said condensing surfaces and into said channels, baflles for retarding and breaking up the streams of 1i uid flowing downward through the channe 5, means for admitting air to and withdrawing it from said condenser to maintain a regulated vacuum therein, and means for returning liquid from the bottom of the condenser to the jacket.

3. A condenser for an engine cooling systern, comprising a shell and distributed conand bafiles. in said channels arranged to redensing surfaces arranged therein to protard and break up streams of liquid flowing vide an upper inlet space, a lower hot well downward through the channels. space, and channels leading downward past Signed at New York, in the county of 5 the condensin surfaces from the inlet space New York and State of New York, this 28th to the hot we 1, means for divertin liquid day of July A. D. 21. entering said inlet space into said 0 annels, HARRY C. MALLORY.

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