US1817187A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 4, 1931. w. R. GRISWOLD INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 20, 1928 'in A WALTER FLER ISWDLD Patented Aug. 4, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE HALTER R. GRISWOLD, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO PACKARD MOTOR CAR COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Application filed April 20,

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and particularly to the cooling means therefor.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a simple and e'llicient system for cooling an internal combustion engine by the alternate formation and condensation of steam or vapor from a suitable cooling fluid.

Another object of the invention is to provide such a steam cooling system which shall dissipate heat in a radiator not subjected to varying pressures or depressions, but operable at a substantially constant pr re, preferably atmospheric pressure.

Another object of the invention to pro vide a cooling system for internal combustion engines in which an intermittent flow of cooling fluid is secured by the periodic condensation of accumulated steam of vapor, the condensing means being operated by the flow of periodic condensation of steam or vapor formed from said fluid. In systems of this nature previously proposed, the water is cooled in a radiator or cooling tank connected in the circulatory system and subjected to the varying pressures thereof. The radiator must therefore be constructed to prevent the escape of steam under pressure, and also sufficiently tight to prevent the entrance of air during periods when the system is under a. vacuum. In the present invention is provided a system wherein the radiator is not exposed to variable pressure but is operated at a substantially constant pressure, preferably atmospheric pressure.

Referring to the drawing, 10 represents 1923. Serial No. 271,563.

a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine having a water jacket 11 formed about the cylinders 12 in the usual manner. At 18 is illustrated a radiator of the usua type comprising upper and lower headers or tanl-rs i l and 16, connected by tubes or other cooling units 17. It is provided with an opening in the upper header 14, closed by av suitable cap 18. through which water may be supplied. to the system. The radiator also has an overflow or vent pipe 19, through which it vented to the atmosphere and maintained substantially at atmosphere pressure.

Connected to or formed in the upper part of the water j ackct 11 is a chamber 21 which may be termed a. steam chamber, in which steam or vapor formed in the jackets 11 collected. This chamber is connected at its upper end to a steam discharge pipe 22, which leads to a condensing device shown at 23. This device comprises a condensing chamber 24 preferably formed as a venturi, in the throat of which is a discharge nozzle 26 to which the steam pipe 22 is connected. The device also has a pipe 27 to supply cooling water to the condensing chamber, and a discharge pipe 28 adapted to remove the con densate, or mixture of cooling water and condensed steam.

The cooling water pipe 27 is connected, through an inverted trap or siphon 29, to the lower radiator tank 16, the siphon 29 being above the normal water level of the system. The lower part of the jacket- 11 is connected to the lower part of the radiator, preferably at the tank 16, by a pipe or connection 31, in which a one-way valve 32 is placed.

The operation of the system as follows: lVith the system filled with .vater up to its normal water level, and the engine started, the heat of the cylinders 12 will be radiated to and absorbed by the water in the jackets 11 in the usual way. As the engine warms up this heat is suiiicient to cause the formation of steam in the jackets 11 which rises therein and collects in the chamber 21. As the heat of the engine increases more steam is formed so that a considerable pressure is built up in the chamber 21 and in the pipe 22.

- This pressure forces the water out of the cond-ensing chamber 24 and the pipe 28 into the radiator 13. lVhen sutlicient pressure has built up, a flow of steam takes place through the pipe 22 and nozzle 26, into the condenser chamber 24, which thus acts as a jet pump to drawcoolingwater from the tank 16 over the siphon 29 and through the pipe 27 into the chamber 24. This coolingwater condenses the steam issuing from the nozzle 26, the device acting as an ordinary jet condenser, and the condensate, or mixture of condensed steam and cooling Water will pass through the pipe 28 into the radiator. I

In the radiator the heated water entering from the pipe 28 will rise in thetubes 17 and be cooled therein, the cooledwater returning to the tank 16 for use in the engine j ackets.

The condensation of steam from the pipe 22 and chamber 21 produces a periodic vacuum or depression in the chamber 21, which draws cooling water from the radiator through the pipe 31 and valve 32 into the jackets 11, thus cooling the cylinders 12.

During the formation of steam in the chamber 21 and the building up of steam pressure therein, the valve 32 is held in its closed position by the pressure in the cylinder jackets,

thus preventing a return flow of steam or heated water into the radiator 16. 7

It will be evident that thisinvention provides a cooling system in which there is a periodic flow of cooling water through the jackets, this water being converted into steam and condensed for recooling at a subsequent period in'the cycle of the device.v It will also be evident that the circulation of cooling water through this cycle is maintained by the alternate pressure and vacuum caused by is claim'ed and desired to be secured the formation and subsequent condensation of steam. The varying pressure in the system is not communicated to the radiator but is confined to the ackets 11, chamber 21, pipe 22 and the condenser 23. In this way the radiator may be of usual construction and operated at atmospheric pressure, no particular care being required to maintain it airt g t ters Patent is:

1. The combination with an internal combustion engine, of a cooling system including ackets and a condenser subjected to alternate pressure and vacuum, and a radiator operable at substantially atmospheric pressure to receive condensate from the condenser and to supply cooling water to the jackets and to the condenser.

2. The combination with an internal combustion engine, of a cooling system including jackets and a radiator operable under substantially constant pressure, a condensing device operable under periodic pressure and Vacuum, and means connecting the radiator to both the condensing device and to said jackets. I

3. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines, the combination of jackets having means to collect steam formed therein, a nozzle connected to said means to discharge steam therefrom, a condenser to receive steam from said nozzle, a radiator con nected to the atmosphere and adapted to supply cooled water to the jackets, means operable by the suction of said nozzle and including a siphon to supply cooling water from the radiator to said condenser, and means to conduct the condensate from the condenser to said radiator.

4. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines having cooling jackets, the combination of a condensing device for steam formed in said jackets, a radiator havin an atmospheric connection and adapted to cool the discharge from the condenser and to supply cooling water thereto, and means to supply cooled water from the radiator to said jackets. I V

In a cooling system for internal combustion engines havingcooling jackets, the combination of a condensing device having a steam discharge nozzle connected, to the jackets, a radiator adapted to receive and cool the condensate from said device, means to supply cooled water from the radiator to the jackets, and suction operated means to supply cooling water from the radiator t0 thecondensing device. a

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

WALTER a. earsWoLn.

by Let-

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