US1463921A - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 7," 1923. I 1,463,921

0. J. MOUSSETTE CRUSHER Filed Oct. 11, 1922 3 $heets-Sheet 1 gnveni'o'z Patented Aug. 7', 1923.

UNITED STATES OLIVER J. MOUSSETTE, OF RICHMOND HILL, NEW YORK.

CRUSHER.

Application filed October 11, 1922. Serial 170. 593,839.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ()mvnn J. MOUSSETTE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Richmond Hill, in the county of Queens and State of New York, have invented cer: tain new and useful Improvements in Crushers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to crushers of the drum and roller type and is intended more particularly for use in reclaimingvaluable particles from the refuse of refineries, brass foundries and other establishments. One object of my present invention is to provide means whereby the lining of the drum will be prevented from creeping circumferentially therein and thereby carrying the inlet opening through the lining out of alinement with the inlet opening of the drum, and another object of the invention is to provide means whereby the material deposited in the drum for treatment will be taken up by the drum. and delivered 1n front of the crushing rollers instead of being thrown over the rollers and delivered at the rear of the same. Another object of the invention is to provide a roller of such construction that it may be readily brought into proper position within the drum and which will accommodate itself to abnormally large particles in the material to be crushed so that the abnormally large particles may be easily cleared without lifting the entire roller from the material upon which it is acting. Other objects of the invention will appear incidentally in the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings',- which illustrate my present improvements,

Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section through a crusher embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a central transverse section of the same; I

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail perspective view of one member of the crushing roller;

Fig. 1 is an enlarged detail perspective View of the lining, and

Fig. 5 is a view, partly in elevation and partly in section. showing a roller of slightly different form from that shown in Fig. l. The supporting frame 1 may be of any substantial construction and has mounted v therein a driving shaft 2 and a countershaft 3 which are journaled in suitable bearings upon the frame and carry between the ends of the frame drum-supporting and actuating rollers a. Band pulleys 5 are provided upon the driving shaft 2 so that power may be imparted to the shaft from any convenient source, and the rollers 4 are frictionally engaged by annular flanges 6 upon the drum so that the drum will be supported and will secured to flanges 10 at the inner ends of flared terminal sections 11, as shown and as will be readily understood. In the drawings, I have illustrated one terminal section 11 as having a cylindrical screen 12 projecting axially therefrom, and this screen obviously will separate the particles fed thereinto so that they may be delivered into separate receptacles according to their size and consequent value. The other terminal section 11 has secured thereto a hood 13 through which a water supply pipe maybe passed to deliver water to the interior of the drum in the operation of the machine. This is a common arrangement and has not been illustrated in the present drawings inasmuch as it forms no part of my present invention.

The drum is provided with a substantial lining 14 which is preferably of metal so as to possess wear-resisting qualities, and'this lining is provided in truncated sections corresponding to the form of the respective drum sections 7 so that each lining section may be readily fitted within a drum section. Each section of the lining is provided-with an opening 15 therethrough at its inner wider end, and this opening registers with an inlet opening 16 provided in the inner meeting edges of the drum shells, A closure 17 of any preferred form is provided to effectually seal the inlet opening after the material has been supplied to the drum and the crushing operation is to start. Heretofore great difficulty has been experienced "in the successful operation of crushers of the type shown herein due to the fact that the lining would creep around the interior of the drum under the weight of the rollers and the pressure exerted by the rollers through the material being treated. This creeping of the lining has formerly been so great that the opening 15 through the lining would be "carried beyond the opening 16 1n the drum and it would then be exceedingly difiicult, if not impossible, to supply material to the drum. To overcome this objection, in the present machine, I construct the lining with long1- tudinal grooves 18 in its outer surface and construct the drum sections or Shells with longitudinally extending grooves 19in their inner surfaces. When the lining is to be fitted in the drum, it is brought into such position that the grooves, 18 will register with the grooves 19 and the opening 15 will aline with the opening 16, the lining being supported in any convenient manner concentric relation to the drum and having its outer diameter somewhat less thanthe inner diameter of the drum so that a space will be left between the opposed surfaces of the lining and the'drum. I then fill this annular space and also fill the grooves 18 and 19 With cement. as indicated at 20, which, when it is set, will form a strong permanent bind ing between the lining and the drum and will also form keys fitting in the grooves 18 and 19 sothat any tendency of the lining to creep around the drum will be very positively and effectually prevented,

In the operation of drum and roller crushers, the roller is loose within the drum and rests upon the bottom of the same or upon the material. deposited therein, rotatlon of the roller being due solely to the frictional engagement of the roller with the bottom of the drum or of the material deposited therein, as is well understood. The opposed surfaces of the drum and the roller, of course, move in the same direction so that the downwardly moving portion of the roller surface is at the rear thereof considered in the direction of rotation of the lower part of the drum. In these crushers as heretofore constructed, the rotation of the drum has a tendency to carry the material passing the roller upwardly a slight distance, and then effect a tumbling action thereof so that it simply collects adjacent the upwardly movingportion of the rolling surface and is, therefore, not acted upon by the roller. To overcome this action, I provide aplurality of pockets 21 in the inner surface of the lining at the center thereof into which the material will naturally gravitate at the bottom of the drum. These pockets will retain a large proportion of the material and will carry it upwardly and around to a point above the roller so that, when it drops from the pocket. it will be delivered onto the roller or onto the bottom of the drum adjacent the downwardly moving portion of the surface of the roller.

The rollers, shown at 22, are of a truneated r'tml jfll form, their smaller ends being disposed at the outer smaller ends of the drum. The rollers are mounted upon axles tionsor disks 25 are provided 23 which are connected at their inner ends by interengaging eyes 24 constituting a universal joint so that the rollers may readily accommodate themselves to the angular relation of the surfaces of the lining sections while rotating freely when the drum is rotating. Heretoforc, so far as I am aware, the rollers have always been constructed in a single integral body. Thisconstriwtion was undesirable for the reason that the weight of the rollers was frequently so great that the placing of the same within the drum was an exceedingly ditlicult and laborious operation. Moreover, if 'a roller coi'istructed in a single integral body should happen to ride onto an abnormally large element or particle in the material, the entire roller would be lifted from the inner surface of the drum and a substantial proportion of the material would pass the roller without being crushed. In my present invention, I provide a roller of such construction that both these disadvantages are overcome. As shown clearly in the drawings, the rollers, according to my present invention, are constructed of a series of sections having central openings therethrough whereby they may be separately fitted upon the axles 23. The largest secupon their faces of greater diameter with recesses or chambers 26.to accommodate the coupling 24 so that the two rollers will be held closely together. The sections have their circumferential surfaces converging from the 'center' of the drum to the outer end thereof and in order to further reduce the weight to be handled, the inner sections or disks are each constructed intwo substantially semi-circular portions 27,'each of which is provided upon its diametriral surface with semi-circular grooves or recesses to fit about the axle 23, it being noted, as shown in Fig. 1 that the diameter of the axle is somewhat less than the diameter of the circular opening or bore provided by the registering grooves or recesses 28. The semi-circular sections 27 are each constructed with recesses 29 in their smaller ends. said recesses being disposed at opposite sides ofrthat radius of the member which is at a right angle to the straight face of the member. These recesses present flat shoulders 30. and openings 31 extend therethrough so that bolts or similar fastening devices 32 may be inserted through the registering openings of mating sections whereby the said sections will be firmly held together about the axle when the securing nuts titted upon the said bolts are turned home against the adjacent shoulders fltl. l'pon the outer or smaller radial or end face of each roller section or disk is formed centrally a recess or chamber 33 and upon the inner or larger radial face of the disk is formed :1 lug or block 34 which is adapted to enter the said recess, as will be readily understood upon reference to Fig. 1, it being noted that the dimensions of the block or lug are less than the dimensions of the recess or chamber so that there may be a limited relative movement between adjacent disks. Itwill be readily understood that by providing the rollers in sections, as shown and described, the weight to be handled atone step in assembling the parts is vastly less than the weight which it was necessary to handle when rollers of one integral body were employed. The roller sections ma be fitted about the outer ends of the respective axles and then slid along the axle toward the inner end thereof so that each successive section or disk will carry its block or lug 34 into the chamber or recess 33 of the previously arranged disk or section. Should any one section or disk of the roller strike an abnormally large particle in the material within the drum, that one section may rise within the limit defined by the lug or block 34 and the co-operating chamber or recess'33 so that the large particle may be readily passed without causing the entire'roller to lift from the surface of the drum and, consequently, there will be no part of the material carried past the roller without being subjected to the crushing action of the same.'

In Fig. 1, I have shown the rollers consisting of two sections carried by axles having relative movement. the opposed larger ends of the rollers being disposed at an angle to each other so that an opening or space is provided at the upper portion of the roller into which some of the material may pass and be subjected to the grinding action of the said opposed surfaces as the rollers rotate. The machine. however, may be successfully employed with a roller in which all the sections are mounted upon the same axle, as shown in Fig. 5, in which all the sections or disks 35 are fitted upon a single axle 36, the construction of the roller otherwise being the same as that shown in Fig. land previously described with the exception that the central section or disk may have its circumferential surface inclined from its center in both directions. as shown at 37.

In the operation of the machine, the material to be treated is deposited in the drum through the inlet openings 15 and 16. and water is supplied through the terminal section or hood '13 of the drum. The drum is then set in motion and the rollers will receive motion from the drum so that they will turn continuously over the material tending to collect at the bottom of the drum and will thoroughly crush and pulverize it. The

finer particles will gradually work to the surface of the body of the material and will be washed out through the screen inlet 12, this operation being the usual operation of machines of the drum and roller type.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. In a crusher of the drum and roller type, the combination with a tapered drum, of a tapered continuous metal lining there: for, the lining and the drum being provided with registering longitudinally extending grooves in their opposed surfaces, and a plastic binder filling the space between the drum and the lining and filling the said grooves to form keys preventing relative circumferential movement of the lining and the drum.

2. In a crusher of the drum and roller type, the combination of a drum, a smooth faced lining therefor having its internal diameter decreasing from its center to its ends and provided at its center with circumferentially spaced pockets, and a roller disposed within the drum and adapted to roll upon the said'lining.

3. In a crusher of the drum and roller type, the combination of a drum, and a roller arranged to roll freely therein, said roller consisting of an axle, and roller sections titted loosely upon the axle and provided in their opposed faces with registering recesses and lugs, the lugs being smaller than the recesses whereby to permit a limited relative movement of adj acentsections.

4. A roller for crushers of the drum and roller type consisting of an axle. disks titted loosely upon the aXle and means for permitting a limited relative movement. of adja cent disks transversely of the axle. the disks gradually and uniformly decreasing in diameter from the inner end of the axle to the outer end thereof. I I

5. A roller for a drum and roller crusher comprising an axle, a plurality of disks fitted loosely upon the axle and uniformly decreasing in diameter from the inner end of the axle toward the outer end thereof, some of said disks being constructed in mating sections adapted to fit about. the axle and provided in one end face with recesses pre' senting longitudinally extending shoulders, and securing bolts inserted through the said shoulders and having their ends housed within the said recesses.

(3. A roller for crushers of the drum and roller type consisting of an axle, disks fitted loosely upon the ,axle, and means forpermitting a limited relative movement of adjacent disks transversely of the axle.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

- OLIVER J. MOUSSETTE. n 8.]

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