US1457772A - Forming and tempering disk wheels - Google Patents

Forming and tempering disk wheels Download PDF

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Publication number
US1457772A
US1457772A US350884A US35088420A US1457772A US 1457772 A US1457772 A US 1457772A US 350884 A US350884 A US 350884A US 35088420 A US35088420 A US 35088420A US 1457772 A US1457772 A US 1457772A
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United States
Prior art keywords
forming
matrix
sheet
punch
tempering
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US350884A
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George H Forsyth
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/32—Making machine elements wheels; discs discs, e.g. disc wheels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/34—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tyres; for rims
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49481—Wheel making
    • Y10T29/49492—Land wheel
    • Y10T29/49496—Disc type wheel
    • Y10T29/49504—Disc shaping

Definitions

  • Disk wheels usually have been formed oflow grade soft steel capable of being shaped in a die without rupture of the material into cupped or-curved or wave-like section without temper, or they have been tempered after forming and removal from the dies with resultant proportionately great loss from warping in the tempering process.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 are central vertical sections through the punch and matrix of a die, and taken respectively at an angle of 90 one to the other.
  • the bed of the die. is represented at 11, the matrix nd State of has for its object the posat 12 and the punch at 13.
  • the matrix is removable from its bed, the outer walls 14 of the matrix tapering sl gh ly downward and the inner walls of the bed at 15 likewise tapering in order to guide the matrix into centered position in the bed.
  • the matrix is hollow having an inner chamber 16 adapted to be fioodedwith water or other suitable cooling tempering fluid through the port 17 leading from the supply pipe 18.
  • the matrix is also supplied with a cooling fluid 'above its face 19, through the port 20 and made to escape as occasion requires through the vents 21 in -the lowest portion of the face to the hollow interior of the matrix.
  • outflow port 22 is provided from the interior of the matrix to an overflow channel 23 formed-in the bed 11.
  • a waste opening 24 leads from the face of the matrix adjacent its highest portion whereby the level of the-liquid, hereinafter referred to as water, is normally maintained at the matrix of the die at the horizontal level indicated at 25.
  • Radial grooves 26, shown in dotted lines, permit wide difiusion and an emergency es.
  • the punch 13 is providedwith an inner cavity 27 supplied with a cooling fluid suchas water through the ort 28 from the flexi ble supply pipe 29 and out-flow is permitted through the port 30 connected with the fiexible pipe 31.
  • a cooling fluid suchas water
  • the ort 28 from the flexi ble supply pipe 29 and out-flow is permitted through the port 30 connected with the fiexible pipe 31.
  • openings 32 leading from the inner cavity of the punch to the lower face thereof and controlled by check valves 33.
  • sockets 34 to receive stems 35 to project downwardly from the punch.
  • Each of the stems is provided with a notch 36 adapted to be engaged by the detent 37 mounted in the Wall 14: of the matrix and adapted to move laterally into sockets 34 under the influence of a spring 38 and to be withdrawn therefrom by the arm 39 of a bell-crank or other mechanical device under the control of the operator or press operating mechanism for a purposemore fully referred to hereinaften
  • a sheet of steel, indicated at 40 is disposed above the'matrix and below the punch. At this time the chambers within the punch and matrix are full of liquid and the liquid stands upon the face of the matrix at substantially the level indicated.
  • the sheet would have been previously heated as afiording a sharper shaping of the metal, and may have undergone one or more successive steps approaching the final shape.
  • the sheet 40 As the punch l3 descends, the sheet 40, llat or preliminarily shaped, is forced into the matrix until near the end of the final forming stroke or hick of the press, the lower face of the sheet comes in contact withrthe water within the matrix.
  • the sheet having been finally formed and tempered concurrently and while held against warping may now be removed the matrix and another flat or partially shaped sheet disposed in the matrix or upon the punch.
  • the detents 37 may be locked out of operation by any catch device so that the matrix will not be coupled to the punch where it is found unnecactuw to hold the formed sheet after its shape has been imparted thereto.
  • the same process may be carried out by relirninaril torinin the disk while hot in P e her .lytn) at;
  • low die members may be flooded with water underpressure while clamped together on the work, and the water thus applied over the surfaces of the confined work through apertures in the faces of the punch and matrin. In any case the tempering is done concurrently with the final forming or" the work in the dies.
  • bodies which consists in -forming the sheet in a die and concurrently with the forming of the body applying a tempering fiUlCl to the two faces thereof.
  • the method of shaping sheet metal bodies which consists in forming the sheet in a die and concurrently with the forming oil the body applying a tempering fluid to the two faces thereof and maintaining the formed body clamped within the die during the cooling thereof.
  • An apparatus for concurrently forming and tempering sheet metal bodies comprising a punch, a matrix, and means to apply tempering liquid to the sheet final stage or forming.
  • An apparatus for concurrently formg tempering sheet metal bodies cornrising a punch, a matrix, and means acting .utomatically as the punch. nears the end 1 orming stroke to apply temperin o the sheet at the final stage and e prising a hot o r ans an ⁇ up M cooling liquid to the interior of eacln r -eans to permit the escape or" the liquid, t
  • An apparatus for concurrently forming and tempering sheet metal bodies comprising a punch, a matrix, means to apply tempering liquid to the sheet in its final form, means to couple together the punch and matrix to clamp the formed sheet therebetween for cooling during the return of the punch and to uncouple the two and release the formed sheet at a subsequent stroke.
  • An apparatus for concurrently forming and tempering sheet metal bodies comprising a punch, a matrix, means acting automatically as the punch nears the endvof its forming stroke to apply tempering liquid to the sheet in its final form, means to couple together the punch and matrix to clamp the formed sheet therebetween for cooling duringthe return to the the two and release the formed sheet at a subsequent stroke.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)

Description

June 5, 192's, v 1,457,772 G. H. FORSYTH FORMING AND 'TEMPERING DISK WHEELS I Fi led Jan. 12., 1920 INVENTOR GEORGE: H. #ORSYTH ATTORNEYS WITNESS:
a citizen of the United Stii Patented June 5, 1923.
UNITED STATES 1,451,772 PATENT OFFICE.
GEORGE E. FORSYTH, OF HARVEY, ILLINOIS.
FORMING AND TEMPE-RING DISK WHEELS.
Application filed January 12, 1920. Serial No. 350,884.
in the highest degree qualities of. springiresistance to deforming strains.
Disk wheels usually have been formed oflow grade soft steel capable of being shaped in a die without rupture of the material into cupped or-curved or wave-like section without temper, or they have been tempered after forming and removal from the dies with resultant proportionately great loss from warping in the tempering process.
It has been considered from a manufacturin standpoint impracticable to form cup-li e or transversely waved disks from previously tempered sheets, as also to temper such disks after forming; wherefore it has been usual to employ high grade spring steel in the manufacture offlat disk wheels only, and to make cup-like or transversely waved or cup disks of low grade steel.
By my invention I am able to produce wheel disks of any desired cross-section possessing spring temper while preserving unimpaired contour of the forming die due to the employment by me of high grade steel in a workable condition, readily adaptable to shaping in a die, and tempering and forming the same concurrently or while held in situ in the forming die. For carrying out this forming tempering process and preserving the shape of the formation I have devised a die which I find adapted to the purpose although it is obvious that the process may be carried out by means mechanically devised differing structurally from those illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
In the drawings Figs. 1 and 2 are central vertical sections through the punch and matrix of a die, and taken respectively at an angle of 90 one to the other.
Having reference to the drawings, the bed of the die. is represented at 11, the matrix nd State of has for its object the posat 12 and the punch at 13. The matrix is removable from its bed, the outer walls 14 of the matrix tapering sl gh ly downward and the inner walls of the bed at 15 likewise tapering in order to guide the matrix into centered position in the bed. The matrix is hollow having an inner chamber 16 adapted to be fioodedwith water or other suitable cooling tempering fluid through the port 17 leading from the supply pipe 18. v The matrix is also supplied with a cooling fluid 'above its face 19, through the port 20 and made to escape as occasion requires through the vents 21 in -the lowest portion of the face to the hollow interior of the matrix.- An
outflow port 22 is provided from the interior of the matrix to an overflow channel 23 formed-in the bed 11. A waste opening 24 leads from the face of the matrix adjacent its highest portion whereby the level of the-liquid, hereinafter referred to as water, is normally maintained at the matrix of the die at the horizontal level indicated at 25.
Radial grooves 26, shown in dotted lines, permit wide difiusion and an emergency es.
cape of the liquid above and beneath the sheet being-formed. I
The punch 13 is providedwith an inner cavity 27 supplied with a cooling fluid suchas water through the ort 28 from the flexi ble supply pipe 29 and out-flow is permitted through the port 30 connected with the fiexible pipe 31. At the-slotted portion of the lower face of the punch are openings 32 leading from the inner cavity of the punch to the lower face thereof and controlled by check valves 33.
Within the side walls 14 of the matrix are provided sockets 34 to receive stems 35 to project downwardly from the punch. Each of the stems is provided with a notch 36 adapted to be engaged by the detent 37 mounted in the Wall 14: of the matrix and adapted to move laterally into sockets 34 under the influence of a spring 38 and to be withdrawn therefrom by the arm 39 of a bell-crank or other mechanical device under the control of the operator or press operating mechanism for a purposemore fully referred to hereinaften A sheet of steel, indicated at 40 is disposed above the'matrix and below the punch. At this time the chambers within the punch and matrix are full of liquid and the liquid stands upon the face of the matrix at substantially the level indicated. Usually the sheet would have been previously heated as afiording a sharper shaping of the metal, and may have undergone one or more successive steps approaching the final shape. In the final forming operation, as the punch l3 descends, the sheet 40, llat or preliminarily shaped, is forced into the matrix until near the end of the final forming stroke or hick of the press, the lower face of the sheet comes in contact withrthe water within the matrix. Substantially at the same instant water is admitted from the interior of the punch to the outer surface of the sheet by the actuation of the check valves These valves do not sooner operate for the reason that the lower edge of the valve does not extend below the horizontal plane of the lowest portion of the punch and so long as that portion of the sheet immediately below the check valve is not bent upwardly so as to press against the valve stem, the valve is not actuated thereby, but with the bending of the sheet into the concave lower face of the punch the check valves are opened and the upper face of the sheet flooded with water.
It will be observed that the completion of the sheet formin operation and the appli cation of the cooling fluid thereto are practically simultaneous l fhen the punch reaches the limit of its forming stroke, the detents 37 snap into tire notches 36, locking together the punch and matrix oi the die upon the formed sheet absolutely preventing any warping of the body while it is being cooled. As the punch rises the matrix is lifted therewith and with the next or a subsequent down ard stroke or the punch the matrix is again deposited in its bed, whereupon any appropriate mechanical connection between the detents 37 and the press operating mechanism is caused to withdraw the detents 37 releasing the stems 35 and permitting the punch to rise of the matrix.
The sheet having been finally formed and tempered concurrently and while held against warping may now be removed the matrix and another flat or partially shaped sheet disposed in the matrix or upon the punch. @bviously, the detents 37 may be locked out of operation by any catch device so that the matrix will not be coupled to the punch where it is found unnecessaiw to hold the formed sheet after its shape has been imparted thereto.
The same process may be carried out by relirninaril torinin the disk while hot in P e her .lytn) at;
low die members may be flooded with water underpressure while clamped together on the work, and the water thus applied over the surfaces of the confined work through apertures in the faces of the punch and matrin. In any case the tempering is done concurrently with the final forming or" the work in the dies.
1 claim:
1. The method of shaping sheet etal bodies which consists in forming the sheet in a die and concurrently with the final stage oft forming applying a tempering fluid thereto.
2. The method of shaping sheet metal bodies which consists in forming the sheet in a die and concurrently with the final stage of forming applying a tempering fluid and maintaining the formed body clamped within the die during the cooling thereof.
3. bodies which consists in -forming the sheet in a die and concurrently with the forming of the body applying a tempering fiUlCl to the two faces thereof.
The method of shaping sheet metal bodies which consists in forming the sheet in a die and concurrently with the forming oil the body applying a tempering fluid to the two faces thereof and maintaining the formed body clamped within the die during the cooling thereof.
An apparatus for concurrently forming and tempering sheet metal bodies, comprising a punch, a matrix, and means to apply tempering liquid to the sheet final stage or forming.
6. An apparatus for concurrently formg tempering sheet metal bodies, cornrising a punch, a matrix, and means acting .utomatically as the punch. nears the end 1 orming stroke to apply temperin o the sheet at the final stage and e prising a hot o r ans an} up M cooling liquid to the interior of eacln r -eans to permit the escape or" the liquid, t
valves acting automatically as the punci ears the end of its forming stroke iit the liquid from the punch nterior to in 2 side of the sheet being formed i s maintain a body of liquid face of the matrix for application The method of shaping sheet metal lUt) a to one side of the sheet concurrently with the application of the liquid to the other side of the sheet 9. An apparatus for concurrently forming and tempering sheet metal bodies comprising a punch, a matrix, means to apply tempering liquid to the sheet in its final form, means to couple together the punch and matrix to clamp the formed sheet therebetween for cooling during the return of the punch and to uncouple the two and release the formed sheet at a subsequent stroke.
10. An apparatus for concurrently forming and tempering sheet metal bodies comprising a punch, a matrix, means acting automatically as the punch nears the endvof its forming stroke to apply tempering liquid to the sheet in its final form, means to couple together the punch and matrix to clamp the formed sheet therebetween for cooling duringthe return to the the two and release the formed sheet at a subsequent stroke.
11. An apparatus for concurrently form-. .ing andv tempering sheet metal bodies compunch and to uncouple- In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.
GEORGE H. FORSYTH! Witnesses:
L. T. Gnnrsr, V FRANCES K. GILLESPIE.
US350884A 1920-01-12 1920-01-12 Forming and tempering disk wheels Expired - Lifetime US1457772A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2418874A (en) * 1944-06-13 1947-04-15 Jr Hartwell H Gary Apparatus for drawing flat metal blanks into shells
US2737224A (en) * 1951-12-10 1956-03-06 Boeing Co Apparatus for forming sheet metal
US2744746A (en) * 1952-06-17 1956-05-08 George C Batz Machine for forming and heat treating metal articles
US2762734A (en) * 1952-09-29 1956-09-11 North American Aviation Inc Process and apparatus for forming and stress relieving metal
US3668917A (en) * 1969-01-25 1972-06-13 Toyoda Chuo Kenkyusho Kk Process and apparatus for press-forming and quenching a steel stock
US3703093A (en) * 1969-11-11 1972-11-21 Aisin Seiki Process and apparatus for performing a simultaneous and combined press-forming and heat-treatment of steel stock
US4112732A (en) * 1976-04-28 1978-09-12 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for shaping integrally-shaped type brake disks for cars
US4356717A (en) * 1976-04-02 1982-11-02 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for forge-shaping sheet members
US6048418A (en) * 1998-06-16 2000-04-11 Sterling Detroit Company Ring forming apparatus and heat treating process
EP1734135A2 (en) * 2005-06-16 2006-12-20 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Press and process for warm forming and hardening of steel workpieces
US20110232354A1 (en) * 2010-03-23 2011-09-29 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Method and apparatus for producing hardened formed parts

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2418874A (en) * 1944-06-13 1947-04-15 Jr Hartwell H Gary Apparatus for drawing flat metal blanks into shells
US2737224A (en) * 1951-12-10 1956-03-06 Boeing Co Apparatus for forming sheet metal
US2744746A (en) * 1952-06-17 1956-05-08 George C Batz Machine for forming and heat treating metal articles
US2762734A (en) * 1952-09-29 1956-09-11 North American Aviation Inc Process and apparatus for forming and stress relieving metal
US3668917A (en) * 1969-01-25 1972-06-13 Toyoda Chuo Kenkyusho Kk Process and apparatus for press-forming and quenching a steel stock
US3703093A (en) * 1969-11-11 1972-11-21 Aisin Seiki Process and apparatus for performing a simultaneous and combined press-forming and heat-treatment of steel stock
US4356717A (en) * 1976-04-02 1982-11-02 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for forge-shaping sheet members
US4112732A (en) * 1976-04-28 1978-09-12 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for shaping integrally-shaped type brake disks for cars
US6048418A (en) * 1998-06-16 2000-04-11 Sterling Detroit Company Ring forming apparatus and heat treating process
EP1734135A2 (en) * 2005-06-16 2006-12-20 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Press and process for warm forming and hardening of steel workpieces
US20060283530A1 (en) * 2005-06-16 2006-12-21 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Hot-shaping and hardening a workpiece
EP1734135A3 (en) * 2005-06-16 2008-11-19 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Press and process for warm forming and hardening of steel workpieces
US7533553B2 (en) * 2005-06-16 2009-05-19 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Hot-shaping and hardening a workpiece
US20110232354A1 (en) * 2010-03-23 2011-09-29 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Method and apparatus for producing hardened formed parts
US8707751B2 (en) * 2010-03-23 2014-04-29 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Method and apparatus for producing hardened formed parts

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