US1457442A - Furnace arch - Google Patents

Description

June 5, 1923.

M. LIPTAK FURNACE ARCH Filed Oct. 21, 1918 4Sheets-Sheet i June 5, .1923.

M. LIPTAK FURNACE ARCH 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 21, 1918 Patented June 5, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MICHAEL LIPTAK, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO LIPTAK FIRE BRICK ARCH (10., OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, A CORPORATION OF MINNESOTA.

FURNACE ARCH.

Application filed October 21, 1918. Serial No. 259,026.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MICHAEL LIPTAK, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnace Arches; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to'make and use the same.

My present invention relates to furnace arches for the fire boxes of boilers and furnaces and is in the nature of an improvement on or refinement of the construction disclosed and broadly claimed in my prior Patent No. 1,326,752 of December 30, 1919,

and entitled Fire arch for boilers. Certain features herein are also claimed in my prior Patent No. 1,347,514 of July 27 1920, and entitled Furnace arch for boilers.

Several forms of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like characters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings;

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary perspective of the arch looking at the same upward or from a point below the under surface thereof, some parts being removed and one of the walls being sectioned;

Figs. 2 to 7, inclusive, are perspective views of the blocks that make up the arch;

Fi 8 is a fragmentary perspective of the arch ookinp; at the same from a point above the upper surface thereof, some parts bein removed;

ig. 9 is a rear elevation of the arch, one

of the walls being sectioned and some parts being removed;

Fig. 10 ,is a perspective view corresponding to Fig. 1 but illustrating a somewhat modified form of the underfacing' blocks;

Figs. 11 and 11 are perspective views of the 'underfacing blocks shown in Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary perspective intended particularly to show the supporting beams and their detachable end tips or sections, but showing also several blocks in position;

Fig. 13 is a view correspondin to Fig. 12 but illustrating a slightly modified construction and with all of the blocks removed.

The customary masonry walls of the furnace are indicated by the numeral 14.

The numeral 15 indicates tubes that extend from a boiler header l6,'which latter is shown in part in Fig. 8. The furnace arch is hung from the customary transverse main arch beams 17, the ends of which are, or may be embedded in the masonry. A multiplicity of laterall spaced supplemental beams 18 are hung rom the lower flanges of the main beams, preferably by hangers 19, having channels and flanges that are interlocked to the flanges of the said beams. At their.

rear end extremities, the supplemental beams are provided, in line with their upper flanges, with rigidly secured .and preferably integrally cast sockets or coupling brackets 20 that are formed with T-shaped longitudinal channels open at the underside.

The T-shaped channels of the sockets or coupling brackets 20 are adapted to receive and interlock with the upper flanges of detachable beam tips 21. The beam tips 21, in their maincross section, are in the form of I-beams, but the upper'fianges and portions of the webs and upper flanges of sald beam tips are omitted. The reduced rearwardly projecting ends of the beam tips 21 are arranged to directly support crown plates 22 which, in turn, directly support L-shaped crowning blocks of the arch apron wall. In the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 to 12, inclusive, these crown plates 22 have lapped ends, and'they rest detachably on the reduced webs of the beam tips 21, but in the construction illustrated in Fig. 13, the said crown plates 22 are shown as cast integral with the webs of the said beam tips 21. The important function performed by the crown plates and their important relation to the beam tips and other parts will be later noted.

The brick work of the improved arch comprises hanger blocks 24 and 24 underfacing blocks 25, corner blocks 26 and crowning. blocks 27, and usually more or less masonry 28, which latter, with the crowning blocks 27, form the apron wall, inclosing the space between the arch and the boiler header.

The hanger blocks 24 have upper flanges that fit the channels formed by the adjacent supplemental beams 18 and they are formed with lower edge flanges that engage and interlock with flanges formed on the reduced upper portions of the underfacing blocks 25. The extreme side members 24* of the 4 proved arch,

memes hanger blocks are channeled only on one side and are set into the masonry side walls. The underfacing blocks 25 are therefore indirectly supported from the supplemental beams through the hanger blocks 24. This, and the arch gives a double layer of blocks with joints that lap, in VGI'tlCZLl dII'GCtIOBS so that the flames cannot pass directly upward between the blocks and the arch.

Hitherto, it has been customary to as semble the blocks of an arch in such a way that their abutting side faces form oints that align longitudinally of the arch Even if filling be placed in these straight or unbroken longitudinal joints, the heat w ll soon remove the same and the flame will sweep through the joint channels and rapidly burn awa the blocks. In this imprevent this destructive action by so constructing the underfacing blocks that when arrange in a longitudinal direction or in the direction of the draft they effectively break joints or lap so that no extended joint channel can be formed and the flames cannot get a lon itudinal sweep between the joints of t e blocks. This is highly important because it greatly increases the life of the blocks that are exposed to the flames and intense heat. This lapping of the joints between the underfacing blocks may be accomplished in several different ways. For instance, in the construction best illustrated in Figs. 1, 4, 8 and 9, the underfacing blocks are formed with depending body portions, the edges of which flare downwardly, but on these flaring edges are provided with projecting wing flanges 29 approximately half as thick as the bodies of said blocks, but having edges that converge downwardly so that they produce interlocking wedge formations reverse to those of the main body portions of the said blocks. The downwardly flaring edge portions of the underfacing blocks 25 will lap and interlock with the downwardly converging edges of wings 29 of adjacent blocks so that two important results are accomplished, to wit, in the first place, the overlapping engagement between the wings 29 of adjacent blocks breaks the longitudinal joints between the said blocks and cuts off the direct passage of the flanges; and in. the second place, the engagement between wings and flaring body portions of the blocks produces an interlocking engagement which is such that, if any one underfacing block should be cracked at the neck, it would be held interlocked by the two adjacent unbroken blocks and could not fall from position.

It will be noted that the lower body portions of the blocks 25 are oflset laterally from their neck portions and it should also be noted that the blocks in the one transverse row are ofi'set in a common direction, but that the blocks in the adjacent rows are set offset in the opposite direction so as to break the joints as already described.

The underfacing block shown in Fig. 4 is like that shown in Fig. 4, except that the flanges thereof are on reverse sides and are terminated short of the extreme lower edges of the blocks so as to leave the flat surfaces 25* that form right angle corners with the bottom of the block and decrease the liability of the corner being broken in handling or shipment.

The underfacing blocks shown at the rear portion of the arch in Fig. 10 are like that illustrated in Fig. 11 and have V-shaped corrugations 30 in their opposite sides, while those blocks that are nearer to the front of the arch are formed with slightly V-shaped concave and convex sides 30 and 30, respectively. When adjacent I blocks having corrugations 30 are assembled, their corrugations underlap and perform two functions, to wit, they break the vertical joints between the adjacent blocks and interlock the bodies of the adjacent blocks so that if one should be broken at its neck it will not drop from position.

Corner facing blocks 26 have T-shaped necks that are adapted to be slid into the channels between the depending necks of the hanger blocks 24 and to interlock with the flanged lower edges thereof. Those portions of the corner blocks 26 that are below the hanger blocks are widened and laterally ofiset at one side so that their joints are offset from the joints between the underfacing blocks that are just at the front thereof. (See particularly Fig. 9), by reference to which it will also be noted that the side faces of the said corner blocks 26 are oblique and inclined in a reverse direction to the sides of the said underfacing blocks.

By reference particularly to Figs. 1, 8, 10 and 12, it will be seen that the T-shaped neck portions of the corner blocks 26 project rearward from the rear ends of the rearmost hanger blocks 2A to which they are interlocked, and that they also project rearward or into the fire box chamber a considerable distance from the rear edge of the crown plates 22 or 23, as the case may be. It should also be noted that the top surfaces of the hanger blocks 24 are below the underfaces of the said plates 22 and 23, as the case may be, and that the uppermost surfaces of the underfacing blocks 25 are below the bottom surfaces of the supplemental beams 18 and their beam tips 21. This is highly important because it permits the corner'blocks to be removed from the hanger blocks and the hanger blocks to be removed from the beam by horizontal sliding movements, without disturbin the crown plates or the apron wall,-

which atter, as will be noted, is built upon and supported by the said crown plates.

The crowning blocks 27 are laid directly on crown plates 22 or 23, as the case may be, and the bricks 28 which form the main bodiy of the apron wall, are built upon the sai crowning blocks.

The space between the necks of the corner blocks 26 and just over the tops thereof is filled in by corner filling blocks 31 that have the same cross-sectional form as the hanger blocks 24 but are much shorter in longitudinal direction, so that they just fit in said space and come flush with the exposed rear surfaces of the said corner blocks 26. These filling blocks 31 are approximately T-shaped in cross section with the rear portions of the depending stem thereof slightly expanded so as to correspond to the channel formed between the necks of the corner blocks. The corner blocks 26 that are at the extreme sides (see Fig. 1) are formed without ofl'sets so that they will fit against the wall 14. The said filling blocks 31 do not abut against the crown plates or against the ends of the beam tips and, in fact, are entirely below the underfaces of the said crown plates.

It is a well known fact that the apron wall of the furnace arch will last many times as long as the blocks or bricks of the arch proper because the latter are subjected to the direct action of the most intense flames. Obviously, in my improved arch, the apron wall is supported entirely independent of the blocks or bricks of the arch proper. All of the blocks of the arch proper may be re placed without disturbing the apron wall. This effects very great saving in time and the resulting expense of repairs. To be more specific, with this construction, while the apron wall is undisturbed, the filling blocks 31, corner blocks 26 and any or all of the underfacing blocks 25 can, in their regular order, be slid from position under the crown plates, and then, if desired, the hanger blocks 24 may be slid from position on the beams 18 and any or all of the said blocks thus removed may be replaced. This, as is evident,

may be quickly done. As an illustration of the saving of time over the ordinary necessary operation, the entire arch proper may be taken down and replaced in two hours time, or less, whereas, about two days would be required to tear down and replace the ordinary arc-h proper and the apron wall. Boilers ordinarily have to be cleaned and reaired as often as once a month and will sel- 50m run longer than three months, and this improved arch will last for a longer time, to wit, from six months to two years.

With the above improved arch it will seldom, if ever, be necessary to put the boiler out of action in order to make arch repairs between intervals required to effect the necessary repairs'of the boiler itself. This is partly because of the double layer of the arch blocks making it possible to use the arch after more or less of the underface blocks have. been burned away, and until some of the hanger blocks have also been burned away. The upper or hanger blocks with the neck portions ofthe underface blocks remaining in position, even if the main bodies of underfacing blocks are burned away, will leave as good or better fire arch remaining as will be found in any of the single layer arch structures.

With the customary single layer arch, it

is necessary to shut down the boiler and put out the fire many times when no boiler repairs are necessary and where the shutting down with the resultant loss of time, waste of coal, and expense is due solely to the repairs required in the fire arch itself. Moreover, it should be noted, that in this improved arch, all of the metal parts, such as the beams and crown plates, are protected by the brick work or blocks of the arch and not one of the arch forming blocks is supported on a beam or metallic part that is itself exposed to the flames.

What I claim is:

1. A furnace arch comprising laterally spaced beams, hanger blocks hung from said beams, underfacing blocks interlocked with and hung from said hanger blocks, corner blocks hung from the end members of said hanger blocks but projecting beyond-the same, and filling blocks of substantially the same form as said hanger blocks filling the space between and overlying the upper portions of said corner blocks.

2. A furnace arch comprising laterally spaced flanged beams, hanger blocks detachably hung on said beams, underfacing blocks interlocked with and detachably hung from said hanger blocks, corner blocks detachably hung from the end members of said hanger blocks, and projecting therefrom, filling blocks of substantially the same cross-sectional form as said hanger blocks filling the space between and overlying the u per portions of said corner blocks, crown p ates supported by the ends of said beams in a plane above the plane of the upper surfaces of said hanger blocks and filling blocks, and an apron wall supported on said crown plates.

3. A furnace arch comprising laterall spaced flanged beams having detachable end tips, hanger blocks hung from said beams, underfacing blocks interlocked with and hung from said hanger blocks, corner blocks hung from the end members of said hanger blocks and projecting therefrom, filling blocks filling the space between and overlying the upper portions of said corner blocks, crown plates supported on said beam tips hung from said hanger blocks, corner blocks,

hung from the end members of said hanger blocks and projecting therefrom, filling blocks filling the space between and overlying the upper portions of said corner blocks, crown plates supported on said beam tips in a plane above the upper portions of said hanger blocks and filling blocks, and an apron wall supported on said crown plates, the said underfacing blocks being formed and set so that their joints are broken and offset in respect to the direction of the travel of the flame under said arch.

5. A furnace arch comprising laterally spaced flanged beams having detachable end tips, hanger blocks hung from said beams, underfacing blocks interlocked with and hung from said hanger blocks, corner blocks hung from the end members of said hanger blocks and projecting therefrom, filling blocks filling the space between and overlying the upper portions of said corner blocks, crown plates supported on said beam tips in a plane above the upper ortions of said hanger blocks and filling blbcks, an apron wall supported on said crown plates, the said underfacin blocks being formed and set so that their oints are broken and offset in respect to the direction of the travel of the flame under said arch, and the bodies of said underfacing blocks having interlapped flanges serving to directly interlock adjacent portions of said bodies.

6. A furnace arch comprising laterally spaced beams, hanger blocks hung from said beams and underfacing blocks hung from said hanger blocks, said hanger blocks having channels in the intermediate portions of their opposite sides and said underfacing blocks aving flanged neck portions fittin between and interlocking with the channele sides of said hanger blocks, the depending body portions of said underfacing blocks being offset at one side so that they underlie the lower portions of adjacent hanger blocks, and abut against the opposite sides of adjacent underfacing blocks.

7. A furnace arch comprising laterally spaced beams, hanger blocks hung from said beams and underfacing blocks hung from said hanger blocks, said hanger blocks having channels in the intermediate portions of their opposite sides and said underfacing blocks having flanged neck portions fitting between and interlocking with the channeled sides of said hanger blocks, the depending body portions of said underfacing blocks being ofi'set at one side so that they underlie the lower portions of adjacent hanger blocks, and abut against the opposite sides of adjacent underfacing blocks, the body portions of said underfacing blocks having interlocking engagement, and the joints between blocks being offset or broken in respect to the direction of travel of the flame under the arch.

8. A furnace arch comprising han r blocks and underfacing blocks, the latter ing hung from the former and having laterally offset side portions formed with channels that fit correspondingly formed surfaces of adjacent blocks whereby the said underfacing blocks are interlocked to each other as well as to said hanger blocks.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

" MICHAEL LIPTAK.

Witnesses:

CLARA Damenmr, FRANK D. MERCHANT.

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