US145494A - Improvement in breech-loading fire-arms - Google Patents

Description

.|-. DUVAL.

Breach-Loading Fire-Arms. No. 145,494. y

Patented De.16,1873. i

3 Sheets--Sheet 2. I. DUVAL.

Breach-Loading Fire-Ar,ms. No. 145,494. Patemed Dec.16,187s.

UNrTED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH DUVAL, OF PARISH OF ST. JOSEPH, ASSIGNOR TO LINUS ORTON THAYER, OF MONTREAL, CANADA.

IMPROVEMENT IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 145,494, dated December 16, 1873; application iiled December 5, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH DUVAL, of the parish of St. Joseph, in the county of Laprairie, district of Montreal and Province of Quebec, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements on Breech-Loading Fire-Arms; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same.

My invention relates to improvements in breech-loading fire-arms; and consists in the details of construction particularly hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

Reference beinghad to theannexed drawings, in which similarletters of reference indicate like parts, Figure 1 represents a central sectional elevation of my improved fire-arm, in the position assumed when the cartridge is thrown out. Fig. 2 represents a part section and part elevation, showing the position of parts when ready for loading. Figs. 3 to 15, inclusive, show details of the various parts, as will be hereinafter more particularly referred to.

Letter a is the barrel, of any ordinary construction, either screwed into the shell b or made in one with it, the latter of which I prefer. cis the stock, to which the shell is secured preferably by a bolt, d, or in. any ordinary and suitable manner. e is the breechblock. (Shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and in detail in 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, where Fig. 3 is a sectional .elevation, 4 a plan of top side, 5 a plan of under side, 6 a view of front end, and 7 a view of rear end.) This is pivoted to the shell, as shown in the drawings, at f, where two small pivots enter, passing through the shell into corresponding recesses g. h is a recess cut in its upper side for the sight. t' are two prol)ections formed on its lower side, and k are recesses intervening between each of these projections and the body of the block, in which work the ends l of the lever m. a is a recess cut in the under side of the breech-block e, of the conguration shown particularly in Figs. 3 and 5, forming the groove in which the needle o (shown in detail in Figs. 8 and 9).

moves back and forth. o is a frame, for the details of which see Fig. 12, showing a side elevation, and Fig. 13 a top plan. This is pivoted to the shell b, at s, at the front end, and

at the rear end secured by a pin, t, passing completely through. u is a pivot passing through one side of r, and entering into the other. Upon this the lever m works, as also the tumbler c; this latter is shown in detail in Figs. 10 and l1. w are projections formed within the shell to strengthen it at the point where the pivot x passes and attaches to it the trigger y. (Shown more particularly in Figs. 14 and 15.) rIhis works in the opening z. l a is a recess for receiving the large end of the spring b. (Shown in Fig. 7.) c is a groove which receives one end of the V-spring d. Figs. 10 and 11, respectively, side and front views of the tumbler; this is also shown in position with other parts in Figs. 1 and 2. c are projections on either side; these may be formed in one piece with c, or by drilling a hole and driving a pin firmly therein. f is a slot eX- tending into its upper end, forming the same into a double eye, which receives the end of the needle o, g being the pivot attaching it thereto. h is the notch upon it for the end of the trigger y to catch upon, while t" is the part upon which one of the ends of the V- spring cl acts. Figs. 8 and 9 show, respectively, side elevation and bottom plan of the needle o; this requires no further verbal description. Figs. 14 and 15 show, respectively, side and front views of the trigger y,- this is in its extension below the frame r, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. k is a recess for receiving the small end of the spring b. l is the end that acts upon the notch h ofthe tumbler. Figs. l and 2 represent side and front views of the forked ends lof the lever. m.' m are recesses to receive theproj ections e of the tumbler yv. (Shown in Fig. 2.) yThe other end of the lever is so clearly shown in the general gures as to require no further description, except to say that a springcatch, n', is provided for it to engage with, as sh own in Fig. 1. In the trigger-guard o is formed a recess to receive thespring-bolt p. Q is a pivot passing through the shell b,- on this the extractor 1" rotates, working in recesses s2. (Shown in Fig. 1.) The projections sl are for catching the rim of the cartridge, while t are extensions upon which the breechblock acts in descending. The V-spring d is clearly shown in Fig. 1. Here it is represented with the end inserted in the groove c', and is of considerably greater width than the end acting upon i, Fig. 10. This end is made sufciently narrow at or near its extremity to enter into the space between the forks l l, in which space also the tumbler yr, Figs. 10 and 11, is situated.

The operation of my invention is as follows: The various parts hereinbefore described being arranged in their respective positions, and presuming that the arm is in the position in which it will be after discharge, by placing the thumb in the lower loop of the lever m, it is sharply depressed, causing its forked ends l to simultaneously act on the projections z' of the breech-block, causing it to descend to the position shown in Fig. 1, and also to draw back the tumbler c and needle o, in doing which the breech-block strikes sharply the extensions t of the extractor, causing it to assume the position shown in Fig. 1, and thus throw out the exploded cartridge. The hand is then removed from the lever m to insert a new cartridge. As soon as the pressure is taken away from the lever, the spring d forces the tumbler, lever, and other parts to the position shown in Fig. 2, the forked ends Zslightly raising the breech-block to the proper position to guide in the new cartridge. This position is, however, only a yielding one, for, by pressing down the breech-block by force applied to its forward extremity, the parts may be again caused to assume the position shown in Fig. 1 without touching the lever m. This yielding of the forward end of the breech-block allows the cartridge to be put in place, while, when it is so situated, the position of the breechblock, as shown in Fig. 2, prevents it. from falling out, the breech-block having' been slightly depressed after the cartridge has entered into the barrel and while getting it fairly home.

Here it will be remarked that the notch h remains in the position as shown in Fig. 2 1'. 0., resting on the end l of the trigger y, but in Fig. 1 raised a little above it.

The lever m is now closed up by the hand being placed on the arm to grasp it for firing, engaging its extremity with the catch n', and throws forward the ends l, thereby raising the breech-block to position and closes the breech.

If, now, the finger is placed on the lower end of the trigger y, drawing it back, and consequently the upper end l forward, h is thereby disengaged from it, the spring d', acting on v, shoots forward the needle o into the central fire of the cartridge, and explodes it.

To reload the arm, the parts are again brought to the position shown in Fig. 1, as hereinbefore described. To prevent the trigger from being operated, the bolt p is pushed back from the position shown in Fig. 1.

In case the arm requires cleaning, it is only necessary to withdraw the pin t, rotate the frame 1' on the pivot s, and swing it downward, when all the parts attached thereto will be exposed for that purpose; and, in case there is any danger of the arm falling into the hands of the enemy, the pin t may be removed while on the run, and the arm be rendered temporarily completely useless bysimply'removingl from it the spring d', and concealing it, or by removing the pivot s; also, the whole of the parts attached to r may be removed, whereby considerable time would be required to render it serviceable.

What I claim as my invention, and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination, in a fire-arm, of the breech-block, having the recess h, of the frame r, carrying the tumbler, the needle, and operating parts, whereby the action, as a whole, as constructed, may be readily adjusted and rcmoved, as specified.

2. The combination, as shown and described, of the tumbler o, needle o, spring d', lever m, and breech-block c, for the purposes set forth and described. I

3. The combination, with the trigger y, hav ing a forward projection, as shown, of a stop orlock, arranged to slide on and project through the trigger-plate in front of the trigger-guard, as shown and described.

4. The mainspring d', detachable, connected with the frame r, and combined therewith, and with a breech-loading fire-arm, substantially as shown, so as to be readily attached, or to be detached to render the arm unserviceable, as set forth.

JOSEPH DUVAL.

Witnesses C. G. C. SIMPSON,

JAS. HY. REYNOLDS.

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