US1454358A - System of kilns - Google Patents

Description

May 8, 1923. 1,454,358

" 1 WEEKS SYSTEM OF KILNS Filed June; 12, 1922 A 'MEW/mm nel Patented May 8, 1923.

LEROY WEEKS, OF NEVADl-LVIOWA.

SYSTEM or KILNS.

Application filed .Tune 12, 1922.

To Aall 'wi/0m it 'may concern.' t Be it known' that I, LERoY WEEKS, a citi- -zen ofthe United States, anda resident of Nevada, in the county ofbtory andState of Iowa, have invented arcertain new and useful System of Kilns, of,y which the fol-y lowing is a speciiication. i, U

The object of my invention is to` provide ja system of kilns for drying and .burning ,l

ware, which is simple, durable,v inexpensive, and comparatively simple vin operation.

More particularly, my invention relates to I a battery of kilns arranged so that the heat from one of the kilns may be discharged into the next adjacent kiln and so on, whereby a great eiiiciency in the use of fuel may be Y obtained.

i provided for Still another object is toarrange a subterranean conduit for connecting each pair of the adjacent kilns so that afan member may be' selectively and removably mountedl in any one of the conduits so that the heated air from one kiln may .be drawn into the` neXt adjacent kiln, and after v ture of the latter kiln reaches a predetermined degree, the fanhelement may be removed for preventing it from melting down, and for using it one of the other conduits.

In this connection it may be mentioned that were the fan element permitedto remain in the conduit and a fanelement were eachconduit, then after the heat passing the proper degree for burning the ware in lthe kiln it would be so hot'that the fan `would be worthless. The revolving fan would commence to weaken at approximately six or seven hundred -degrees,- while the heat passing froin one kiln to the other might reach twenty-,two or twenty-three'hundred degrees, and it can, therefore, be seen why itis necessary to remove thefan element by arrangingl the y fanelement so "that it will be selectively or removably mounted in any one of the to use 911e.- fan, s.

conduits makes it possible element' for a batter-y ofv the temperai yof them.

commonly,

from one kiln to the other reached a certain degree,`the fan element` would melt down' and when the heat' reached passage' Way and flues,

Serial` No, 567,608. i

Withthese and other objects inview, my system of kilns consists in' the construc- .4 tion, arrangement andcombination of the various parts ofvmy device., jects contemplated are attained, as 'hereinafter more fully set forth, pointed out in my claim and illustrated in the accompanyinfr drawings, in.which: i j i Figure l is a battery of kilns, yone ofthe kilns beingshown in construction thereo-f.

section to illustrate the Figure 2 is a vertical, central sectional 4view taken on line 2`2' of Figure l. i ,i

cfa portion of Figure 3 is a plan view the conduit passing from Aone kilntoithe nextadjacent kiln; and i Figure l is a detailed, sectional view taken on line 4- of Figure showing the mount` ing of the fan element. i i

In the accompanying drawings, I have used the reference numeral l0 to indica-te a lkiln of the ordinary construction. yIn order to clearlyi understand the construct-ion of thekilns, I will now describe indetail one The kiln l0 is providedwith walls which project down into the ground some distance, as lClearly shown in Figure'Q ofthe drawings. The kiln l0 is provided with what is 80` known as a flash, wall l1. d between the flash more fully be explained. A i l f The kiln4 l0 is provided .withga floor structure 13 which is ofthe grate typeso that air may pass-in 'belowthe floor 13. A 90 passageway 14 is arranged. below the -vfloor i3 which is in communication withthe sub1L terranean conduits 15.

Below the partitionv 4members y is` the annular heating'chainber 16. In order to 95 i i properly iire the kilns, it is necessarygthatA grates 17 be provided, which niayybenhori.-` f zontal or inclined asl desired. The grates are so arrangedtliat they are' mounted in the y flash wall ll and the outer` wallfofv the kiln l0, betweenapair of the partitioninembers whereby theob- 55 j ein 1,454,355

rlhe portion between the partition members 12 and above the grates 17 may be properly termed the flues 18. The tiues 18 are alternately arranged with passage ways 19. The passage ways 19 are in communication with the annular` heat chambers 16, while the iiues 18 are sepa *ated from the heat chambers 16 by means of the partition 20.

The conduit 15 is in communication with the smoke stack 21, having a damper 22 arranged therein. The conduit 15 is also provided with a damper structure 23.

I will now describe the ordinary tiring operation of the ordinary kiln. Each of the grates 17 are stacked with burning coals and the heat is permitted to pass up through the fines 18, as indicated by the arrow 24. Theproducts of combustion then pass in` through the ware located within the kiln and through the openings' Vin Ithel floor 13, and through the passage ways extending on each side of the passage way 14, as indicated by the arrows 25. The products of combustion then pass through the conduit 15 and out through the stack 21. y

ln this connection it may be mentionedy that a great deal of heat is lost by this method and in order to use the products of combustion, which ordinarily pass up through the stack 21, l arrange the conduits 15 so that they are in communication with the next adjacent kiln 10. ln order to draw the heat into the next adjacent kiln, 1 provide a fan element 26.

The conduit 15 is inY communication at one end with thek passage way 14, and at its other endwith the annular heat chamber 16 of the next adjacent kiln. The conduit 15 is provided with an opening 2T in its wall, which has its side edges bevelled. A. plate 28 having corresponding bevelled edges is received within the opening 27.

Extending through the plate 28 is the shaft 29 upon which the fan element is mounted. The shaft 29 may be operatively j connected to a motor in any suitable manner. A collar is on the shaft 29, which 'rests upon the ball bearing 31.

' lt will be seen that when the damper 22 is closed and the damper 23 is open, then the operation of the afn element 26 will cause the heat 'or products of combustion, which are in the conduit 15, to pass' into the annular heat chamber 16. The heat will then pass up through 'the passage way 19 between the liash wall 11 and the'outer wall of the kiln 10y and into the kiln proper.

The arranging o'tthe fire pockets'or grate structurel' so tl'iat they alternate with the assage'ways 19 is ver-y 'desirable and causes the heat `to be" equally distributed in the kiln. When the fan element v26 is in operation, the products of combustion or hea-t pass through one kilnin thedirection indicated by the arrows 24 and 25, into the conduit 15 and in the direction indicated by the arrows 32, and into the next adjacent kiln.

In order to permit cool air to pass in around the Jian element 26 so as to prevent it from melting down, 1' provide openings 33 in the plate 28.- A cover member 34 having an opening therein is rotatably mounted on the plate 28. When it is desired to permit cold air to pass in around the fan element 26, l rotate the cover member 34 so that the opening 35 registers with the opening 33.

After the temperature in the conduit 15 reaches such a degree thatvthe fan element will no longer stand up, l then'v move the entire Jian element and plate 28. The opening 27 is then sealed withany suitable plate. T he complete fan element unit lmay then be moved over to the next'adjacent kiln and so on.

It is extremely necessary that the an element unit be capable of removal from the conduit 15, in view of the fact that intense heat passes' therethrough.

1t will be seen that the tan may be so positioned, and the dampe'rs 2 3 so regulated that heat will be drawn through several o the kilns 10 into the kiln adjacent to the Jran element.

The plate 28 serves as a sealing member for the opening 27 and at the same time as a supportingL member for the fan element 26, and also-a support for avmotor as it is desirable to connect the shaft 29 direct with a. motor.

By my' arrangement it is possible to conduct heat from the kilnsv throughthe entire battery of kilns. 1 can hardly over-em phasize the necessity of making. the tan element removable, in viewl ofthe tact, lthat the heat which would passthrough the conduits 15 would be so great that the fan element would melt down.

It will be understood that each of the kilns is ired in the ordinary manner and it may be said that it is superheated by the arrangement of drawing heat from one kiln into the'neXt adjacent kiln.

My present invention is an improvement ot my Patent Number 1,404,412, issue'dto me January 24, 1922.

Some changes may bey made in the construction and arrangement of the various parts of my invention, without departing from the real spirit and purpose ot my system of kilns, and it is my intention to cover by my claim, any modiiiedformsot struc ture or use of mechanicalequivalents, vwhich may be reasonably included lwithin its scope.

` 1 claim as my inventionz` A batter-yorl 'kilns each provided with heating chambers and' passageways arranged 4between the heatiii'g'chambers andy connected together by a subterranean said conduits having an opening in the topv ement arranged to be Wall thereof, a fan e1 conduit, each of vselectively and removably received in any between any pair of 5 one of the conduits kilns, so that heated a be drawn into' the next ir from one ki adj acent kiln,

1n may a bear- LERY WEEKS.`

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