US1452850A - of brooklyn - Google Patents

Description

A pr. 24, 1923. 1,452,850

1 SCHMIDT TELEPHONE APPARATUS Filed June 26', 1922 translating,- coil. spool..

Patented Apr. 24, 1923.

UNITED `STixTES iasasse PATENT OFFHCE.

LAMBERT SCHMIDT, OF BROOKLYN, NEWT YORK, ASSGNOR T RAITVE CItPORlt- TION, OF BROOKLYN, NEVT YORK, A CRPOHJNFIGJBT F NETW YORK.

TELEPHONE APPARATUS.

Application filed June 26, 1922.

To all wiz/0m it mcjz/ concern Be it known that l, LAMBERT SCHMDT, a citizen of the United States, and a resident ot the borough oi Brooklyn, county ot Kings, city and State ot New York, have invented certain new and useitul improvements in Telephone Apparatus, ot which the 'Following is a specification.

rlhis invention relates to telephone apparatus and more particularly, to a loud speaking' receiver for use in connection with apparatus employed for the purpose ot establishing wireless telephonie communication.

Generically considered, it is the primary object and purpose ot my present invention to provide a receiver ot the magnet type which will be highly sensitive and instantly responsive tothe slightest variations in polarity of the alternating currents coming `in over the line.

More particularly, my invention comprehends a radically new Form and construc tion oit the armature having a resiliently balanced suspension in the bore of the This armature, in the preferred embodiment oit the invention, is ot cylindrical torni and the pole shoes of the permanent magnet are so related to the ends oi the armature at opposite sides thereof that the magnetic tlu: acting* over a relatively small area produces an instantanoous responsive movement ot' the armature to the slightest pulsations ot the alternatingcurrents passing` through the translating coil,

As a detail item of improvement in instruments ot this character, l provide a twospart armature and fulcrum n'ieans therefor which is secured and held in as sembled relation with the armature parts when the latter are connected so that the armature and its fulcrum in tact, constitute a single unit and capable ot assemblage in operative position by the mere insertion. oit the armature through the here ot the coil spool.

In `general. my present improvements provide a telei'ahone receiver as above characterired,v which, though highly sensitive in its action, nevertheless composed oil? simply and substantially constructed elements which are capable of operative association in very compact relation and may be coniined within a casino' of' appreciably smaller size than it is possible to use in instruments Serial No. 570,869.

of' this character as heretofore constructed.

` il( ith the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the improved telephone receiver and in the iorrn, construction and relative arrangement ol" its several parts as will be hereinafter more iully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and subsequently incorporated in the subjoined claims.

In the drawing: wherein l have illus trated one desirable and practical embodiment of the invention and in which similar reference characters designate correspond ing' parts throughout the several views,

Figure 'l is a rear elevation, the casing being removed to illustrate one embodiment oi my improved telephone receiver;

Figure Q is a section taken on the line 2 2 ot Figure l;

Figure is a view 'looking in a direction at right angles to Figure l;

Figure t is an enlarged detail section taken on the line Ll-4t ot Figure 3, and

Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the several parts oit the armature and its liulcrum in separated relation.

In the embodiment ot my invention which l have selected 'for purposes of illustration. there is provided a permanent magnet 5 oi' the conventiomil til-shaped term. rl`o the inner opposed 'faces ot the parallel legs ot this permanent magnet the pole pieces 6 and i' respectively. are suitably secured. as by means of the screws 5%. These pole pieces at their relatively opposite ends are formed with flanges 9 and lO respectively, projecting; inwardly `trom the attached arms ot said pole pieces. Each flange is provided at its ends with the angfularly disposed shoes ll. and lf2 respectively, the shoes ot each pole piece projecting to iards the shoes on the other pole piece and the opposed .shoes being positioned in the same plane.

The pole saoes il. and lf2 embrace the cylindrical spool i3. which is olf a suitable non-i'napgnetic material. oit the cylindrical. translating coil 141-,` The spool has the usual cylindrical bore l5 open :it its opposite ends.

@ne edge ot the pernianent magnet 5 is eu- ;raged against the inner tace ot a '[ront plate 16 also ot a suitable non-macfnetic material and to this plate the angular portion 9 oi' the pole piece (l is securely riveted or otherwise lined.

llO

The armature as herein shown, comprises two complementary cylindrical sections 17 and 18 respectively. These armature sections have a maximum diameter somewhat less than the diameter of the bore 15 of the coil spool. Each armature sect-ion has one end portion gradually reduced in diameter inwardly to its approximate center to thereby provide a tapering portion 19. The armature section 17 at the end of its tapering portion is formed with an axially projecting threaded stud 2O adapted for engagement in a complementary threaded bore formed in the tapered end portion of the other armature section 18.

The ulcrum for the armatureconsists of two similar sheet metal parts 21, each of said parts having a sleeve 22 longitudinally split on one side as at 23. At one end of the intermediate portion of the sleeve an ear 24 is disposed at right angles to the axis of the sleeve and in opposed relation to the end thereof, the spaced parts of the sleeve being obliquely cut from the split 23 to the juncture of the ear 24 with the sleeve body, as indicated at 25. Each ear 24 has a central aperture 26 to receive the threaded stud 20. The split sleeve of each fulcrum member embraces the tapering portion 19 of each armature section adjacent its inner smaller end. These sleeves are of greater external diameter than the maximum diameter oi the armature sections so that they will have a frictional snug fit against the wall of the r bore in the coil spool. The inner diameters of the sleeves are also slightly greater than the diameters of the tapering portions of the armature sections around which they are engaged. Thus it will be understood that when the armature is inserted through the bore of the coil spool. it is supportedn in its normal position in coinciding axial relation with the spool bore solely by means of the ears 24.

The opposite ends of the two-part armature project beyond the spool bore and are disposed between the complementary opposed shoes of the pole pieces 6 and 7. The end faces of the pole shoes are concave, as indicated at 27, and are slightly eccentric with relation to the cylindrical armature so that in the normal position of the armature, the ends of these concave faces are somewhat nearer to the periphery of the armature than the central portion thereof. Greater responsiveness of the armature to variations in the magnetic flux is thus produced since the lines of magnetic force are concentrated andmore equally distributed in radial diections with respect to the cylindrical armaure.

The end 0f the armature projecting from the inner end of the spool bore is provided with a reduced portion having a transverse groove 28 in one side thereof to receive a the rod 29 and the end of the armature so that said rod will always remain in a perpendicular position relative to the front plate 16 in the arcuate movement of the armature end between the pole shoes. Preferably, I provide a split sleeve 30 which is adapted to be engaged over the reduced end of the armature to protect the pivotal connection with the rod 29 so that free pivotal action is assured. The rod 29 extends through a central opening in the plate 1G and is suitably connected to a non-magnetic disc 31 which may be of mica or other suitable material, and is engaged at its marginal. edge upon an annular rib 32 formed upon the outer side of the plate 16.

lt will be understood that suitable bind' ing posts are mounted on the front plate 16 and insulated from each other to which the ends of the electromagnetic coiland the wires oi the telephonie receiving circuit are respectively connected.

The magnetic structure above described is enclosed within a casing 33 of hard rubber or other suitable material which is exteriorly threaded at one end to receive t-he usual ear piece having the central opening therein through which the sounds caused by vibrations ot the diaphragm 31 are disseminated.

In the operation ot' the telephone instrument above described, it will be understood that the alternatingr currents coming in over the line are translated by the electromagnetic coil and as long as the magnetic flux of the pole pieces is equal, the cylindrical armature will remain in aA normal position in'coinciding axial relation to the bore of the coil spool. The passage of fluctuating voice current-s over the receiving circuit causes changes in direction and strength of the magnetic flux in accordance with the variations in the voice currents and thus produces a. corresponding variation in the attraction and repulsion of the armature relative to the pole shoes. The fulcrum members are preferably produced from finely tempered steel oli such gauge that the armature will instantly respond to the slightest variations in polarity of the alternating current. The two ears 24 being closely engaged with each other constitute in effect. a single fulcrum support for the armature, the point of fulcrum being located at the juncture ofi these ears with the sleeve members. The armature may thus vibrate without restraint in the spool bore, such vibrations being transmitted through the medium of the pivotally connected rod to the flexible diaphragm which produces sounds at the ear piece corresponding to the telephonie cur* rents traversing the translating coil. As

the fulcrum members are rigidly secured to the cylindrical armature at its axial center, no binding action is possible, the actual fulcrum point of the armature being entirely free from frictional influences and thus materially increasing the responsiveness oit' the armature to minute changes in the iiuctuating voice currents.

I have found in practice that by provid iup; a 'Fulcrum means for the armature as above described and eliminating the separate and independent armature support secured to the pole shoes as heretofore used, the armature may be employed in connection with the familiar cylindrical magnetic coil which is less expensive and may be more easily wound than the oval or elongated type of coil. Also, it will be apparent that by reason oi the very simple and compact mounting and arrangement oic the magnetic coil and the armature as. herein disclosed, it is possible to house or enclose the magnetic construction within a casing), ot unusually small dimensions.

lllhile primarily the present invention is designed lor use as a telephone receiver, it is obvious that the instrument might also be used as a transmitter, since when the sound.

waves ot the voice are impressed upon the diaphragm the vibration of the latter causes a movement ot the armature. This producesl electrical impulses in the coil which will be vtransmitted over the line. Also, I have herein referred to the universal pivotal connectionv between the rod 29 and the end of the cylindrical armature. This 'feature is not, however, claimed in detail as it forms the subject matter of a separate application for patent filed oi" even date herewith. In the present application. however. I shall claim this connection with the diaphragm only in a broad sense in conjunction with the arma` ture mounting.

The several other structural Jfeatures oi my improvement as above explained are like-- wise susceptible ot embodiment in other al ternatii'e structures and I accordingly reserve the privilege of adopting' all such legitimate modiiications in the form, conw struction and relative arrangement ot' the several parts which may be iairly considered as within the spirit and scope ot the inven tion as claimed.

I claim:

1. In telephonic apparatus, a. magnet coil, an armature extending through the bore o'f said coil and an automatically balanced sus-Y pension means for the arma-ture having a part stationary with respect to the armature and'frictionally engaged with the surface ot the coil bore, said means normally maintaining the armature in coinciding' axial relation with the Coil.

2. In telephonie apparatus, a magnet coil. an armature adapted to be positioned through said coil, and resilient 'Fulcrum means carried by the armature to coact with the wall of the coil bore and maintain the armature in automatically balanced suspension in said bore in coinciding axial relation therewith.

3. .In telephonie apparatus, a cylindrical n'iagnet coil and its spool, a. cylindrical armature adapted to be positioned through the spool bore, and resilient iulcrum means carried by the armature and coacting with the wall oit the spool bore to automatically maintain the cylindrical armature in balanced suspension with its axis in coinciding relation with the axis ot the spool.

4. In telephonie apparatus, a cylindrical magnet coil, a cylindrical armature enclosed by said coil, and resilient tulcrum means for the armature automatically acting' to maintain the armature in balanced suspension in coincidingi axial rela-tion with the axis ot said coil, said tulcrumi means having a. part stationary with respect. to the armature and renmvably engaged with the magnet coil.

In telephonie apparatus, a magnet coil, a. cylindrical armature enclosed by said coil, and resilient 'hilcruni mea-ns carried by the. armature and having;- parts in fric-tional bearing` contact with the bore off said coil, said `tulcrum means maintaining the cylin d rical armature in balanced suspension Within the coil and in coinciding axial relation therewith i (3. In telephonie apparatus, a magnetic coil, an armature, and means carried by the armature wholly enclosed within said coil i'or supporting` the armature in resiliently balanced suspension in normal coinciding' axial relation with the coil.

7. In telephonie apparatus, a permanent magnet having opposed pole pieces, a translating coil, an armature extending,- between the u'lagnet pole pieces, a diaphragm, vibration transmitting; means tor said diaphragm having a universal pivotal connection with said armature, and resilient fulcrum means constitutinga the sole support tor the varmature and acting' to the same in balanced suspension in coincid ingr axial relation with the coil in its normal position between `the magnet poles.

El. In telephonie apparatus, a permanentmagnet having opposed pole pieces, a translating coil, an armature extending1 through said coil and projectingF between the magnet pole pieces, a diaphragm, a vibration transmitting* member connected. at one ot its ends to the diaphragm and having a universal pivotal connection at its other end with said armature, and resilient iulcrum means for the ariinature wholly contained within the coil and acting; to automatically maintain said armature in balanced suspension in coincidingl axial relation to the coil.

9. In telcphonic apparatus, a cylindrical automatically maintain magnet coil and its spool, an armature adapted to be positioned through the bore of the coil spool, and means for maintainp ing the armature in resiliently balanced suspenslon 1n coinciding axial relation with the y yand a fulcrum member for the armature in- 15' cluding a part surrounding the armature and friction-ally engaged with the wall of the spool bore and a relatively movable part fixed to the armature and supporting the same in balanced suspension in normal coinciding axial relation with the bore of the coil spool.

11. In telephonie apparatus, a cylindrical magnet and its spool, a cylindrical armature adapted to be positioned through the spool bore, and a fulcrum member carried by said armature to extend within the spool bore and frictionally coact with the wall thereof, said member having a resiliently movable part fixed to the armature to yieldngly maintain the armature in balanced suspension in normal coinciding axial relation with the bore of the coil spool.

12. In telephonie apparatus, a permanent magnet having opposed pole shoes, a translating coil, a cylindrical armature, fulcrum means supporting the armature in balanced suspension between the opposed ends of the pole shoes, and the end faces of said pole shoes being concaved in eccentric relation to the peripheral face of the armature.

13. In telephonie apparatus, ya permanent magnet having opposed pole shoes, a translating coil, a cylindrical armature, fulcrum l means supporting the armature in balanced suspension between the opposed ends of the pole shoes, the end faces of said opposed lshoes being eccentrically concaved with respect to the peripheral surface of the arma- ,ture and having their opposite extremities disposed in closer proximate relation to the surface of the armature than the intermediate portions of said concave faces.

14. An armature for magnet telephones, and a cylindrical fulcrum member for the armature, said armature and the fulcrum member having coacting parts detachably securing the fulcrum member in fixed coaxial relation to the armature whereby said armature and the fulcrum member are com- ,consisting of separable parts having complementary means whereby they may be connected or disconnected, and a fulcrum member for the armature having a portion adapted to be interposed between the armature parts and adapted to be engaged by the latter when said parts are connected to secure the fulcrum member in fixed relation to the armature whereby the armature and its fulcrum are combined in a single unit.

16. In a magnetic structure, an armature consisting of two separable parts provided at one of their ends with eoacting coupling means, and a fulcrum member for the armature having a portion adapted to be interposed between the opposed ends of the arv mature parts and upon the coupling means of one of said parts whereby said portion of the fulcrum member is immovably fixed between the armature sections when the latter are connected.

17. In a magnetic structure, a cylindrical armature adapted to be inserted through the cylindrical bore of the coil spool` said armature consisting of two separable parts having connecting means and a fulcrum member for the armature having a portion adapted to be interposed between the armature parts to be engaged and ixedly held thereby when the armature parts are connected, said member being further provided with a contractible part surrounding the armature and adapted for frictional bearing Contact with the wall of the coil spool.

18. In a magnetic structure, a cylindrical. armature adapted to be inserted through the bore of a magnet coil spool, said armature consisting of two separable parts, and a resilient sheet metal fulcrum member for the armature having a contractible sleeve to frietionally engage the wall of the coil spool and a resiliently yieldable part in spaced relation to one end of said sleeve adapted to be interposed between the armature parts and constituting a yieldable support for the armature to maintain the latter in balanced suspension within the spool bore.

19. In a magnetic structure, an armature consisting of separable parts having coniplementary coupling means at one of their ends, and a pair of fulcrum members each provided with a part adapted to be interposed between the armature parts and engaged upon the coupling means of one of said parts and associated in fixed relation with the armature when the parts thereof are connected.

20. In a magnetic structure, a cylindrical armature adapted to be inserted through the bore of the magnet coil spool, said armature consisting of separable parts having complementary coupling means at one of their ends, said end portions of the armature parts being externally reduced in diameter, and a pair of fulcrum members each having a split contractible sleeve to surround the reduced portion of one of the armature parts and each fulerum member being also provided With a resiliently movable armature supporting part in spaced relation to one end of the sleeve, said supporting parts of the fulerum members adapted to be interposed between the parts of the armature to be engaged and held in iixed relation there- Wth when the armature parts are connected whereby said armature and the ulerum members are Combined in the form of a single unit.

2l. An armature for magnet telephones, and a ulernm member ixed to the armature and for insertion as a unit With the armature Within the bore of a magnet coil, said member having a part to eoaet With the surface of said bore and removably support the armature in operative relation to the magnet.

22. An armature for magnet telephones and a nlerum member fixed to the armature for insertion as a unit therewith Within the bore of a magnet coil, said member having a part engaging the Wall of the eoil bore With a resilient frictional pressure to detachably retain the armature in operative relation to the magnet.

23. An armature for magnet telephones and a :tulerum member for Said armature insertable as a unit therewith Within the bore of the magnet coil, said member having a part fixed to the armature and a second part surrounding the armature in spaced relation to said iiret named part and friotionally eoaeting with the wall of the Coil bore to detaehably retain the armature in its operative position.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name here under.

LAMBERT SCHMIDT.

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