US1452057A - Loom - Google Patents

Description

Apr. l 7; 1923.' www? Y l J. c. UPToN v Loom Filed Feb. 4, 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Apr. 37, 1923. LSZS? J. C. UPTON LOOM Filed Feb. 4, 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet -5 I 31111211101 a/Tasp/a @L @www Patented Apr. 17,A 1923.

UNITED STATES JOSEPH C. UPTON, OF PELZER, SOUTH CAROLINA.

LOOM.

Application filed February 4, 1922. Serial No. 534,080.

To @ZZ whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOSEPH C. Ur'roN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pelzer, in the county of Anderson and State of South Carolina, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in looms, and has particular 'reference to looms of the type known as fneedle7 looms.

An important object of the invention is to provide a needle loom so constructed that it may be employed to weave wide fabrics, suoli as fabric having the width of a yard or more, vthis machine being adapted to operate at a greater rate of speed than the ordinary shuttle loom. y

A further object of the invention is to provide means to place the filling in the warp, in pairs of strands, lock each pair to one edge of the fabric and twist the threads in each pair throughout their entire length. A further object of the invention is to provide a machine of the above mentioned character, which is wholly automatic in operation.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent during the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same,

Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken on line 11 of Fig 2,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a machine embodying my invention,

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section taken-on line 3--3 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is an enlarged side elevation of the twisting mechanism and associated elements,

parts being shown in section,

Fig. 5 is a detail section taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 4,

Fig. 6 is an enlarged longitudinal section through the shuttle taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 4,

Fig. 7 is an enlarged central longitudinal section through the twisting mechanism, showing a portion of the needle Vassociated therewith,

Fig 8 is a transverse section taken on line 8-'8 of Fig. 7,

Fig. 9 `is a partly diagrammatic view, showing the starting position of the needle,

4ig. 13 is a similar view with the needleY at the edge of the fabric, the twisting operation being completed, and,

Fig. 14 is a similar view, the twisted strands being released from the twister, and banked upon the fabric. Y

In the drawings wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the numeral 10 designates the frame ends or castings of the loom, which may be of any well known or preferred construction. Rotatably mounted within the lower rear portion of the frame is a drum 11, carrying the warp threads 12, which pass upwardly over a rear guide roller 13, supported by arms 14. The warp threads are divided in two leaves, as well known, and pass through the heddles 15, `carried by the saddles 1G. The warp thread then extends forwardly through the reed or comb 17 and the fabric 18 passes about a take up roller 19, suitably mounted upon the frame. The fabric then passes about a guide roller 20 and is wound upon a roller 21, the roll 22 of the fabric contacting with the fabric assing about the take up roller 19 and is riven thereby. The roller 21 is carried by vertically movable bars 23, having teeth 24, engaged by gears 25, mounted upon a shaft 26. This shaft is turned in one direction by a spiral spring 27, and the arrangement is such that the bars 23' tend to move the roller 21 upwardly, but of course the bars move downwardly as the size of the roll 22 of the fabric increases.

The numeral 28, Figs. 1, 2 and 3, designates a horizontally arranged main drive shaft, extending longitudinally of the frame work. This main drivev shaft may receive its power from a motor or the like. The main drive shaft is provided withl cranks 29, near the sides of the frame, and these cranks are connected with links or pitmens 39, pivoted at 31 to vertically swinging arms 32, having the comb 17 secured upon their upper ends. By this construction the comb remains substantially stationary upon the left side' of the needle, until the needle has had sufficient time to make its entire travel forwardly and rearwardly through the leaves of the warp. Any other suitable means may be employed to move the comb, in proper timed order.

The roller ll is driven at a suitable speed by a worm wheel 40, driven by a worm 40', carried by a shaft l-l, provided with a bevel gear 4.2. This bevel gear is driven by a bevel gear 43', rigidly mounted upon a counter shaft lll.

A bevel gear' engages the opposite side of the bevel gear 48', and is rigid` upon a shaft 46, having a worm 47, lengaging a worm wheel li8. This worm wheel drives a train of gears 49, which operates the feed `roller 19.

rlhe counter shaft Llei is driven by a gear 50, engaging a gear 5l, rigid upon the shaft Q8, as shown.

The `counter shaft il is provided with a central crank 48, having pivotal connection with a pitinan 49, extending forwardly for pivotal connection within a disk 50. This disk has a segmental slot 50, receiving a pin 5l, carried by the pitman 49, and this provides for a proper lost motion. The disk 5() is rigidly mounted upon a counter shaft 5l, suitably journaled in the frame, and carrying disks near its ends. These disks havelinks 53, extending upwardly for connection with the saddles 1G. The saddles are supported by links 5d, pivoted upon an upper horizontal shaft 5G, supported by brackets 57. It is obvious that the heddles are caused to move in oppositedirections to shift the leaves of the warp. Any suitable means may be employed to properly shift the heddles, and the invention is in no sense restricted to the means shown.

The numeral 58 designates a table or support, arranged upon a pedestal 59 or the like. one end, of this table being anchored to the side frame of the loom proper. A

housing 60 is formed upon the upper sur-4 face of the table 58, and preferably cast integral therewith. transversely of the loom, with one end there ofarranged Vnear and in cooperative relation to the comb 17. The housing 60 has a longitudinal bore l(31,.ivliich is preferably ylindrical, and this bore receives a needle supiiorting sleeve or carrier 62. The carrier is held against turning movement by a depending stud or trunnion G8, `operating in alongitudinal slot 64, which leads into a. lower chamber 65. The stud or trunnion G3 carries a transverse bar 66, rigidly se cured thereto, and this bai' has a longitudinal groove 67 upon its lower face, slidably receiving a stud or trunnion 68, rigidly mounted upon a disk 69.v This disk 69 is mounted to rotate within the chamber G5, and is rigidly secured upon ,a vertical shaft This housing extends The `numeral 76 designates `"a needlefthe rear end of which is held within the sleeve or carrier 62, to be reciprocated by the sleeve.

The forward portion of the needle lprojects beyond the sleeve and is disposed in concentric relation to thebore 6l. The forward exposed portion of theneedle is of'a length whereby the needle is adapted to completely traverse the leaves of the warp, the disk having a suitable diameter to cause the needle'to reciprocate sutiicientlyso that the free end of the needle is moved to andA beyond the opposite edges of the warp. In Fig-.7, the numeral 77 designates 'the front end ofthe needle, which may be Vslightly curved, as shown, and providesaf curved shoulder 78, serving as an eye, for holding of the filling.

Attention being now called more particularly to Figs 7 and 8, it will be seen that the numeral 79 designates' a cylindrical casing, formed 'upon or carried by the front end of the needle. This casing is adapted to move rearwardly into the `bore 6l, with the needle. The casing 79 is ypositioned transversely of the needle, at a! right angle to the lilling extending longitudinally `of the needle. This casing is cylindricalpas shown in Fig. 8, and receives. a rotatable twisting element 80, in the form of a rotor,

having teeth or `blades 8l, which pass successively the discharge ends of compressed air ports 82, formed circumferentially within the casing 79. rlhe ports 82 are in connection with a 'longitudinal port 83, eXtending through the needle, and in suitable communication with a suitable source of com pressed air. No preferred means are shown for supplying the compressed airfrom the pressure tank to the longitudinal port 83, as it is obvious that ymanydevices can be used for suchpurlioses. It 'will be seen that the compressed air discharging `from the ports 82 impinges upon'the teeth or blades 8l, causing the rotor 80 to revolve. The opposite sides of the casing 79 have large circular openings 8e2, through which the filling passes. The rotor 8l `is provided with a radial opening 85, adapted for registration with a radialv opening 86in the casing 79.

The opening 84 registers with the opening Y tion with 'the openings 84. The finger 87V is "adapted to? engage with the lower strand .n SS'jofthe filling, 'the other strand'89 being so vpositioned that the finger 87 will not engage therewith but will travel around it.

Itis obvious that the finger should passV between the two strands, engaging one and ,y carrying` it around the other' strand, thereby completing the' twisting with v the two strands', throughout their entire length withinthe leaves of the warp..

Attention being now called more particularly towFigs. 4 and 7, it will be seen that I have provided a twisting deviceincluding a vrotatable tubular head 88, horizontally arranged'within astationary bearing 89. This head is located in longitudinal alignmentA with the needle, so that the loop carried by the needle may he engaged by the twisting means carried by the rotatable head tobe described. A plug or bearing 89'@ is preferably screw threaded within the rear end of the tubular head 88, and has longitudinal openings to slidably receive rods 90, These rods are connected with a disk 92 splined upon a stud shaft 93, integral withthe `plug 89a. This disk is capable of `sliding longitudinally of the stub shaft but cannot turn thereon. Pivotally connected with the forward ends of the rods 90 are links 94, extending forwardly and connected with L-shaped lingers 95, pivoted at 96 in the head 97. The L-shaped fingers 95 have their longitudinal portions operating within slots 98. These longitudinal portions areprovided' at their free ends with outwardly projecting lateral extensions 99,` 3 to engage with the filling as shown.

The numeral 100 designates a shuttle cas-.

ing, which is annular and stationary. This casing is supportedby radial arms 101, mounted upon a Ibracket 102.` The shuttle arranged near the twisting mechanism, and is so positioned that the needle when passing to the twisting mechanism travels through openings 103 in the shuttle casing. A shuttle disk .104 is rotatable within the shuttle casing, and is rigidly mounted upon a shaft`105, ournaled through a bearing 106. The shuttle casing and shuttle disk are disposed parallel to the leaves of the warp. The shuttle disk 104 has provided `upon yits periphery an4 extension or'tooth`107, adapted to engage behind a shuttle. 108, and to cause the same to travel in the direction of the arrow, within a shuttle casing.` The specific construction of the shuttle will be given hereinafter.

The shaft 105 carries a bevelled gear 109, engaged and driven by a bevelled gear 110 mounted upon `a counter-shaft 111. This shaft 111 has'Y a bevelled gear 112 secured tofit-s opposite ends engaging a gear 113,

114 rigidly mounted thereon, engaging a` smallergear 115, mounted upon the rotatable tubular head 88. lit is desired that the twisting device be "driven at a greater rate of speed than the shuttle, and for this purpose the gear 115 is made smaller than the gear 114. The disk 92 carries upon its periphery a roller 116 pivoted thereto, and this roller operates within a cam groove 117 in a disk 118, rigidly` mounted upon the shaft 105. The function of this construction is to shift the disk 92 rearwardly, at the proper time, when the roller 116 enters the laterally offset portion 117 of the cam groove, and this movement of the disk will swing the free ends of the fingers 95 inwardly, for releasing the loop in the twisted filling, and also to provide a free passage for the shuttle, the several parts being of course properly timed in operation.

The construction of the shuttle is shown in detail in Fig. 6. This shuttle embodies a front casing 119, having a tapered nose 120. A rear casing 121 is detachably connected with the front casing 119, by means of a sc-rew'threaded engagement 122. The numeral 123 designates a spool or bobbin, the yarn passingfrom this bobbin to the exterior of the shuttle through anopening 124. A disk 125 is rotatably mounted within the forward end of the rear casing 121, `preferably by means of ball bearings, and this disk has a 'friction recess 127 engaging an extension or trunnion 12,8 formed upon the end of the bobbin, the opposite end of the bobbin havinga trunnion 129, rotatable in a recess 130. The disk 125 constitutes one element of a clutch, and a ring 131 constitutes the coacting element of the clutch. This ring 131 carries a packing strip 132, to engage Vwith the disk 125. .The ring 131 is rigidly mounted upon a `disk 132, formed upon a shaft 134, which is square in cross section. A coil spring 135 surrounds the shaft 134 and is connected with the disk 132 and the shaft 134, and opposes the rotation of the disk 132 in one direction uponthe extension 133. The shaft 134 slides within a square opening in a guide 135, rigidly mounted upon the rear end of the easing 121, but cannot turn therein. A compressible coil spring 136 surrounds a shaft 137 carried by the shaft 134, and serves to move the shaft 134 forwardly,to cause the ring 131 to have proper frictional engagement with the disk 125. The tension of the spring 137 is regu-l latedby an adjustable bearing` 138. It is thus seen that if the yarn is pulled from the bobbin, in excess, the bobbin will be rotated, and the rotation will to some extent be imparted tothe disk 25, by virtue of the slipping friction joint between the trunnion 128 and the disk. This will cause the disk to turn which will rotate the disk 132 and place the spring 135 under tension. Should a slack now occur in the yarn passing through the bobbin 123, the spring 135 will automatically return to its normal state, rotating the disk 132, and disk A125 in a reverse di-` rection, thereby reversingthe rotation of the bobbin 123, and automatically takes up the slack in the yarn fed from the bobbin.

The operation of the device is as follows: lith the comb 17 upon the left side of the needle 77, the needle is moved from the starting position, Fig. 9, forwardly through the leaves of the warp toward the twisting device, as shown in Fig. 10. When the needle 3.0, the bobbin 119 is passed through the loop held bythe fingers 99, and this end of the yarn is anchored `to the fabric. Subsequent to this operation, the cam groove 117 shifts the roller 116 and its disk 92 to the left, and the fingers 99 will swing inwardly, releasing the loop, Fig. 14. The comb is now shifted forwardly to paclrthe twisted strand and returned to the starting position before the needle again advances. The comb does not move ,forwardly until the needle has Vcompleted its cycle of operation, and the heddles 15 operate in a similar manner.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown and described is to be taken as a preferred example of the same, and that various changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I'

claim: v

1. In a loom of the character described, means for supporting and advancing the warp leaves, heddles for shifting the leaves, a needle for 'carrying a plural strand filling yarn transversely between the leaves, means for twisting the strands of each filling together between the warp leaves, means for locking each filling to one edge of the fabric, and a reed to be'aft up the twisted filling.

2. In a loom of the character described, means for supporting and advancing the warp leaves, heddles for shifting the leaves,

rasant? a needle forcarrying a pluralstr'and filling yarn transversely between the leaves',; means for` twistingthe strands of each filling together throughout n'substantiallyA vtheir entire length between the warp leaves and a' leaves of the warp, heddles for shifting the leaves,v a needle to carry'the filling yarn transversely between the leaves, ltwisting mechanism to engage the filling near the end of the needle for twisting thestrands of the filling and forming an eye, means tocause the twisting mechanism to release the fill ing, a shuttle to travel throughfthe eye` and lock the filling to one edge of the fabric,

and separate twisting means' acting-upon the yarn of the filling to further twist the same. i

means for supporting and advancing the leaves of the warp, heddles for shifting the leaves, a needle to carry a plural strand filling yarn transversely between the leaves, a shuttle movable through the eye-of the filling near the end of the needle, twisting mechanism engaging the strands of the filling embodying a rotor carried by the. needle, means to drive the rotor, and a reed for beating up the twisted filling. i l

5. In a loom of the character described,

means for supporting and advancing the. leaves of the warp, `heddles for shifting 4the leaves, aI needle to 'carry a plural strand filling yarn transversely'between the leaves, a shuttle arranged to travel through the eye of the iilling near the 'end of the: needle a casing connected with the needle and bodily movable therewitlna rotor mounted :within the *casing and having means'to entudinally of the strands, and a reedtobeat up the twisted filling. n

7. In a loom of the character described, means for supporting and advancing the leaves of the warp, a circular shuttle casing arranged nearone edge of the leaves and having transverse openings, a shuttle disk rotatable within the shuttle casing and having a radial projection, shuttle rotatable within the shuttle casing and driven 'by theprojection, a needle movabletransversef1. In a loom of the character described,

1,452,057 ESL ly between the leaves of the warp and adapted to carry a plural strand filling through the openings in the shuttle easing, means for twisting the strands of the filling toneedle to advance the filling in proximity to 5 gether, heddles for shifting the leaves of the fingers, and means for passing a shuttle the warp, and means for beating up the through the filling.

twisted illing. In testimony whereof I a-Hix my signature.

8. In a loomof the character described,

as a subeombination, a rotatable head, l JOSEPH C. UPTON.

twisting fingers pivoted to the head and l@ bodily rotatable therewith, auto-matie means to turn the lingers upon their pivots, a

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