US1447285A

US1447285A - Fluid-pressure controller

Info

Publication number: US1447285A
Application number: US312848A
Authority: US
Inventors: Edgar N Dollin
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1919-07-23
Filing date: 1919-07-23
Publication date: 1923-03-06
Anticipated expiration: 1940-03-06

Description

I Mar. 6, 1923. 1,447,285

E. N. DOLLIN FLUID PRESSURE CONTROLLER' Filed July 25, 1919 5 sheets-sheet l E. N. DOLLEN FLUID PRESSURE CONTROLLER Mar. 6, 1923.

. 1,447,285 E. N. DOLLIN FLUID PRESSURE CONTROLLER Filed July 25, 1919 5 sheets-sheet 5 may PUM P Patented Mar. 6, 1923.

" UNITED A STATES PATENT emu."

v EDGAR N. DOLLIN', OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

rLum-rnEssunE CONTROLLER.

Application filed T111723, 1919. Serial No. 312,848

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDGAR N. DoLLIN, of

' Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the ton motors and other uses in which it is de-v sired to apply a relatively higher power or force at certain intervals than at other 1ntervals in the performance of specific work such for example, as the operation of a mold holder or die-carriage of die-casting ma-- chines in which a greater power or'forceis required to hold the mold in operative position to receive the moltenmetal, as the lat ter is forced ther'einto under relatively higher pressure than that required to move the'mold to and from its receiving position. v

In devices of this character, it is customary to exhaust the entire pressure fluid t the atmosphere during such operation w hich requires the restoration of the full power before such operation can be repeated, and results, not only in an unnecessary use and considerable loss of power, but also renders the operation of the movable element of the motor, such as a piston, more or less impulsive and unstable so that when used in die-casting machines it is liable to produce certain imperfections or breakages in the castings.

On the other hand, it is well known that the action of the movable element of a fluid pressure operated motor is greatly steadied by the application of some pressure, even though, unequal, to opposite sides or "ends thereof; and the main object of my present invention is to not only produce a great saving of power and time in the performance of work adapted to be done by fluid pressure, but also to obtain a steadier action of the fluid operated element of the motor, and at the same time to permit the application of greater power at certain intervals than at other intervals in. the performance of the work, and particularly at the conclusion of the stroke of the piston in die-casting.

Other objects and uses relating to specific parts of the controller will be brought out in the following description.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 is a ongitudinal sectional view of a piston motor and iny improved'controller mounted thereon adjusted to shift the piston from right to left.

Figure 2 is a sectional View of the controller taken in the plane of line 22 Figure 1. i

Figure 3 is a sectional View of'the same controller and adjacent portion of the motor except that the piston has been shifted to the left hand end of the cylinder and that the valve is adjusted to apply the maximum power to the piston as it approaches or reaches the limit of its forward stroke.

Figure 4 .is a sectional view of the controller taken in the plane of line Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a sectional View similar to Figure 4 except that the valve is adjusted to cause the return of themotor piston.

Figure 6 is .a longitudinal sectional View,

of the controller taken in the plane of line 6-6 Figure 2.

Figure 7 is a diagrammatic view of the motor and its controller together with means for supplying the fluid under pressure to the controller and motor.

In order that my invention may be clearly understood, I -have shown my improved controller in connection with a. piston motor which may .be used to perform various kinds of work, as for example, the. operation of a mold holder of a die-casting machine, (not shown) but it is evident'that the same controller may be used for many purposes other than the operation of machinery, as for example, in producing variable fluid pressures in sequence.

To this end, the controller comprises a valve case ,1 containing, in this inthe cylinder ,A, and is provided with a piston rod b extending outwardly through a gland b' in one end of said cylinder for connection with the mold forming any other work to which it may be adapted.

The case 1 is also provided with a pair of diametrically opposite relatively high pressure and low pressure ports '-4- and 4-- disposed in a plane at right anglesto that of the ports 3 and 3', both of which are in constant communication with a valve chamber -2"- in which the valve -2 is movable.

The valve chamber -2'v is preferably circular or cylindrical while'its inner end wall is substantially flat to form an abut ment against which the inner, end of the valve 2- is seated, said valve bein also circular or cylindrical and rotatable 1n the chamber, its inner end being substantially flat and seate'd against the inner end wall of the chamber 2, and is provided with an annular flange of substantially the same diameter as that of the chamber so as to fit snugly therein, the remaining portions of the valve bein reduced in diameter and extended outwar ly through the open end of the chamber -2'.

' A cap-ring is secured by bolts -7- to the outer end face of the main body of the valve case 1- and is provided with an annular shoulder -8 extending slightly beyond the adjacent peripheral walls of the chamber 2'- and fitting snugly upon the periphery of the adjacent portions of the valve 2--, the outer face of said flange being V-shaped to form a seat for a packing ring r9-- which is held in place by a gland -10 also surrounding and engaging the periphery of the valve, said gland being adjustably secured to the cap ring 6 by bolts -l1.

The flanges 5 and 8- are spaced some distance apart to form an intervening annular chamber 12 which is a part of the valve chamber -2T- and const-itutes what may be termed a. distributing chamber extending entirely around the valve.

The port -'4 extends radially directly into the distributing chamber 12 and is connected by a pipe -13- to a high pressure source of fluid supply, such as a tank ,-14 or high pressure pump 15, although, in the diagrammatic viewshown in Figure 7, both the tank and/the pump are shown as. connected toeach other by a The diametrically opposite port 4, extends radially to the center of the case where it communicates with an axially extending passage -16- which is in constant communication with a central passage 17- in the base of the valve -2, the outer end of said port 4' being connected by a pipe -18- to a relatively low pressure source of fluid supply consisting of a tank 19 or a low pressure pump '20,' although, the latter is shown in the diagrammatic view in Figure 7 as connected tothe pressure tank=-19' by means of a pipe -18. r

If air is used for the pressure fluid, it is taken into the pump --20 at atmos heric pressure and compressed to a higher egree of say one hundred pounds per square inch which is maintained in the tank -19- and its pipe line leading to the port 4'-.

The pump 15,, however, is adapted to receive the pressure fluid under an increased pressure considerably above that of the atmosphere, and as illustrated in the diagrammatic view, Figure 7, its intake is connected by a pipe ,-21 to the tank 1, and therefore the pump i5 receives the air under pressure ofapproximately one hundred pounds per' square inch, and is operated to boost that pressure to say an additional one hundred pounds per square inch or to approximately two hundred pounds per square inch in the tank 14 and it pipe line leading to the port -4:-.

It is now evident that two distinctly unequal pressures above atmospheric pressure are maintained in the ports -1-- and 4-, as for example, two hundred pounds pressure in the port #4: and one hundred pounds pressure in the port 4--, both' pressures being employed to perform certain work, such as the operation of the piston -A' as controlled by the valve hereinafter more full described.

' The inner end wal of the valve chamber 2' is provided with a pair of diametrically opposite axial ports -22 and -22' at equal distances from the axis of said valve chamber and at opposite sides of thecentral port -1G, and serve to connect the valve chamber with the inner ends of radial passages 23- and '23 which are formed in the valve case 1- and have their outer ends communicating with the ports -3-- and 3',, respectively, as shown more clearly in Figures 1 and 3, said valve case being also provided with an axially extending passage -24-- between the central port --16 and the port --22'- for connecting the valve chamber with an atmospheric chamber 25, Figures 1, 3 and 6, which in turn communicates with the atmosphere through a radial passage -26 from one side of the chamber 25.

The valve 2 is provided with a series of (in this instance, s'ix) ports ;'27--, 2 s--, 29- -30 31 and 32- arranged sequentiallyin substantially equal spaced relation about the axis of the valve, the port -28- forming a. circumferentially extending continuation of the port -27- which together with the port -2) open through the periphery of the valve.

The ports -30- and 32 are connected to each other and to the central port 17 by a common chamber 33 and are, therefore, in constant communication with the lower pressure port 4' through the central passage 16 in the valve case -1+ while the intermediate port 31 is connected by a radial passage -34-- to an at mosphere port -35- which is movable into and out of registration with the atmosphere port -24- in the valve case -1' Figure 3 as the valve is'moved to. different positions presently described. The ports -27-, 2e 29-, -30-; -31 and 3a all open through the inner end face of the valve, but there is no direct communication between the ports 30, -31, and --32- and the circumferential chamber -12 and in view of the fact that the first named ports are arranged 'circumferentially in sequence at an angle of substantially 60 to each other,-

the valve may be operated through the, medium of a suitable handle 36 to control'the pressure fiuid as 'follows;

Assuming, for example, that the piston A" is to be operated by fluidpressure as air to perform some-useful work. and that it has just reached the-limit 0t its'st'roketoward the right hand ready to begin its forward -or working stroke, then the valve -2 willibe. adjusted rotarily from a'certainposition which, for convenience of description, will be termed the starting position shown in Fig. 5, through an arc of 60 or to the position shown in Fig. 2 in which the diametrically opposite ports -27- and --30- will be registered respectively with the ports 22 and 22' leading to the cylinder ports .a and a' through the passages 23 and 23' at which time the

ports

29, 31, and -32- will be cut off from communication with the ports 22 and -22'. When the valve is in this position,

the high pressure fluid, I will say two hundred pounds to thesquare inch, entering the inlet port 4 and circumferential chamber 12- communicating therewith, passes through ports 27, -"22-, and into the right hand end of the cylinder A-- to exert'a corresponding pressure'upon the piston --A to move it toward theport' a-' while the low fluid pressure, of say I bne hundred pounds, per square inch. enter-' ing the port 4'-- passes through the. 'cen-- tral ports 16-' and 17 into the chamber 33- and thence to the registering.

ports v--3() and --22 andport -a' into the left hand end of the cylinder, thus producing a corresponding pressure in opposition to that at the opposite end of the piston, that is .while the pressures at opposite ends of the piston are considerably above atmospheric pressure, that at the'right hand end is considerably greater than that at the left hand end and causes the piston to move through its workingstroke or to'the position shown in Fig. 3. Y

When the piston is used for the operation of a die casting mold to and from the outlet of the melting chamber to receive the molten metal which is usually. discharged? under high. pressure, it is necessary to hold the piston actuated mold support against such pressure with a force considerabl greater than that required to move the mold. support to and from the work. a

Under these conditio'ns the valve is again counter pressure upon the piston. port a, Fig 1, I

That is, when the valve is adjusted to the position shown in Fig. the air under the relatively low pressure, .in this instance, one

hundred pounds, per square inch, at the left hand of the piston, Fig. 3,'is free'to escapethrough-the passages a. 3 and.

-23' in the cylinder and valve case -1. and thence-through the port 31- and passage 34, and atmosphere port -35 to the atmosphere chamber -25 whence it escapes to the atmosphere at 26, figure 6 and thereby using the full air pressure. inv this instance two hundred pounds per squareinch, to'be exerted upon the right hand end of the piston as distinguished from the previous net pressure of one hundred pounds,- the difference between the two opposlng pressures, it being understood that when the valve port -31- is registered with the port 22. the port 27-- is receiving the higher pressure from the chamber 12- through the ports -27 and 28-, which later is then in communication with the port 22 and through the passage 23 with the cylinder port -a-.-, and that the ports 29-, 30,

and -32. are cut oil' from communication with the cylinder ports.

Now, in order to restore the piston and the parts operated thereby to their normal positions, the valve is returned to its start- -1ng position shown in Fig. 5 so that the ports 32- and '29 will register respectively with the ports 22 and 22' and the same time cut off communication with the port -35 and the atmosphere and also between the ports -27 28. 30, anl 31 and the cylinder ports.

through the

central passages

16 and 17 into the chamber -33- and thence through the registeringports 32 and --2-2' and passages 23-, 3, and a into the right hand end of the cylinder, the higher pressureat the left hand end of the cylinderxserving to return the piston to its starting position shown in Fig. 1.

' Although I have shown and described a specific form of rotary valve and valve case for-controlling the passage of air through the delivery ports as --aand --a under different pressures both greater than atmospheric pressure for effecting. the operation of a piston, it is to be understood that'I do not limit myself to that particular type of valve and valve case nor to the particular work performed by the difierent air pressures but rather contemplate the use of any suitable mechanism by which a fluid under pressure may be delivered through separate ports under diilerent pressures above atmospheric pressure in such manner that the lower pressure fluid may be returned to the intake of the higher pressure,

producing device without material reduction of such lower pressure so that the work of the higher pressure producing device in boosting the lower pressure is reduced to an amount corresponding to such lower pressure except for the negligible losses by leakage and temperature changes.

The operation briefly described is as follows. The atmospheric air is drawn through the i'ntake of the low pressure pump --20 and delivered at a higher pressure to the tank 19 and thence through the pipe 18 and ports.:4'--, 16- and -17-' to the chamber 33 said low pressure air being also delivered from the tank 19 through the pipe -21 to the intake of the high pressure .pump -15- where it is boosted to a stall higher pressure and delivered to the tank -14- through the pipe -,13'-- and thence through the pipe 13 and port 1 to the chamber -12-. Now, assuming that the valve is adjusted to the position shown in Fig. 5 then the high pressure port 4- will be in communication with the left hand port -a'-- Figs. 1

and 3 while the low pressure port 4'' will be in communication with the right hand port -w-.

By shifting the valve to the position shown in Fig. 2 the pressures at the ports -a-- and -a will be reversed and then by again shifting the valve to the position shown in Fig. 4, the low pressure port will menace that the variable pressures at t e ports aand a may be utilized fpr operating the same member in reverse directions or for performing work upon difierent devices and,'therefore, I do not limit myself to the use. to which these diflerential pressures may be applied. The ports -l-- and -4'-- through which the power fluid is adapted to circulate may be termed the power or pressure ports while the ports -3- and --3'- through which the fluid passes to perform the work or service may be termed the working or service ports.

What I claim is 1. A fluid pressure controlling mechanism having pressure ports and separate service ports, means for maintaining unequal ressures above atmospheric pressure at oth of the pressure ports, respectively and means for simultaneously connecting either of the pressure ports with one of the service ports and the other pressure port with the other service port.

2. A fluid pressure controlling mechanism having pressure ports and separate service ports, means for producing unequal pressures above atmospheric pressure'at both of the pressure ports, respectively. and means for connecting one of the pressure ports with one of the service ports and the other pres sure port with the other service port, and means for venting one of. the service ports to the atmosphere without varying the pressure at the other service port.

3. A fluid pressure controlling mechanism having pressure ports and separate service ports, means for maintaining difl'erent pressures greater than atmospheric pressure at both of the pressure ports, and means for simultaneously connecting the higher presv sure port with either of the service ports and the lower pressure port with the other service port.

4. A fluid ressure controlling mechanism having ahig pressure port and a low-pressure port and separate service ports, means for maintaining a fluid pressure at the low pressure port greater than atmotpheric pressiire, means for maintaining a fluid pressure at the high pressure port greater than that at the low pressure port, means for connecting the sure port with one of the service ports, additional means for connecting the low pressure port with another service port, and means for venting the last named service high pres-- necting the low pressure port with the otherservice port and also provided with means when adjusted to a different position for ventmg the last named service port to the atmosphere, and additional means when in the last named position for cutting ofl' communication between the second named means and the low pressure port while the first named means maintains communication between the first named service port and the high pressure port.

fluid pressure controlling mechanism comprising a valve case having a valve chamher, a high-pressure port, a low pressure port and service ports, means for carrying pressure greater than atmospheric pressure at the low pressure port, means for carrying pressure greater than the last named pressure at the high pressure port, a valve for high pressure alternately connecting the service ports with the pressure ports, said valve having means for closing the low pressureport and addi tional means for simultaneously venting one of the service ports to the atmosphere while communication is maintained. between the port and the other service port.

7. A fluidpressure controlling mechanism comprising a valve case having a high-pressure port, a low-pressure port and service ports, means for maintaining fluid pressure at the low pressure port greater than atmospheric pressure, means for maintaining fluid pressure at the high pressure port greater than that at the low pressure port and a valve adjustable to one position for connecting the high pressure port with one ofthe service ports and the low pressure port with the other service port and to another position for cutting off communication between the low pressure port and the last named service port and for venting said last named service port to the atmosphere.

8. A fluid pressure controlling mechanism comprising a valve case having pressure ports and service ports, means for maintaining, fluid pressure at one of the pressure ports greater than atmospheric pressure,

means for maintaining fluid pressure at the other pressure port greater than that at the first-named pressure port, and a valve adjustable to one position for connecting the higher pressure port with one of the service ports and the lower pressure port with the other service port and to another position for cutting ofl' communication between thelower pressure port and the last named service port and for venting said last named service port to the atmosphere, said valve being adjustable-to another position for connecting the higher pressure port with the last named service port and the lower pressure port with the first named service port.

9. A fluid pressure controlling mechanism comprising a valve chamber having pressure, supply ports and service ports, means for maintaining unequal pressures at the supply ports respectively, a valve adjustable to one position for connecting the higher pressure port toone of the service ports and the lower pressure port to the other service port andto ariother position for connectin the higher pressure port to the last namet l service port and the lower pressure port to the first named service port.

10. Afluid pressure controlling mechanism comprising a valve chamber having pressure supply ports and service ports, means for maintaining unequal pressures at the supply ports respectively, a valve adjustable to one position for connecting the higher pressure port to one of the service ports and the lower pressure'port to the other service port and to another position for connecting the higher pressure port to the lastnamed service port and the-lower pressure port to the first named service port and to a third position for cutting off communica tion between the lower pressure port and both of the service ports and for venting one of the service ports to the atmosphere.

11. A fluid pressure controller having service ports and pressure ports, in combimation with a controlling member movable at will to differentpos-itions, and means actuated by said member when moved to one position for simultaneously connecting one of the pressure ports with one of the service ports and the other pressure port with the other service port. v

12. A compressed air. circulating system having service ports, pressure ports, and a source of supply for compressed air havingan intake connected to one of the pressure ports and an outlet connected to the other pressure port, the connection between the intake and its pressure port containin air under pressure greater than atmosp eric pressure, and means for connecting either pressure-port with either service port and the other pressure port with the other service port.

13. A fluid pressure controller having service ports and pressure ports, in combination with a controlling member movable at will to different positions, and means actuated by said member when moved to one position for connecting one of the pressure ports with one of the service ports and simultaneously cutting off communication between the other pressure port and its service port and venting the last named service port to the atmosphere.

14. A fluid pressure controller having service ports and pressure ports, in combination with means for maintaining unequal pressures above atmospheric pressure at the pressure ports,- a controlling member movable at will to different positions, and means actuated by said member when moved to one position for connecting the higher-pressure port to one of the service ports and the lower-pressure port to the other service port. 15., A fluid pressure controller having service ports and pressure ports, in combination with means for maintaining unequal pressures above atmospheric pressure at the pressure ports, a controlling member movable at will to different positions, and means actuated by said member When moved to one position for connecting the higher-pressure port with one of the service ports and for simultaneously cutting off communication between the lower-pressure port and the other service port and venting the last named service port to the atmosphere.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 10th day of July. 1919.

' v EDGAR N. DOLLIN. VVit-nesses H. E. CHASE, N. R001.