US1440361A - Submarine signaling apparatus - Google Patents
Submarine signaling apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1440361A US1440361A US566373A US56637322A US1440361A US 1440361 A US1440361 A US 1440361A US 566373 A US566373 A US 566373A US 56637322 A US56637322 A US 56637322A US 1440361 A US1440361 A US 1440361A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- diaphragms
- external
- hydrophone
- internal
- instrument
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
- G01S1/72—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
Definitions
- This invention relates to submarine signaling apparatus of the hydrophone t pe and its chief objects are to increase the e ciency of reception of submarine sound vibrations, to enable both the sensitivity and the tuning to be varied in a predetermined manner and to obtain and vary the directional properties of the instrument as required.
- the apparatus comprises a casing or central ring 25, on which are carried flanged rings 23 each of which carries a diaphragm 22 fixed thereto. 24 are diaphragms which are held in place against the central ring 25 by the flanged rings 23, which in turn are held in place by rings 21 that screw on to the central ring 25, 26 being suitable packing rings.
- Attached to the tube 27 by threads or otherwise by a suitable depending piece 210 is a microphone 211, the leads for which are indicated by 212.
- the inner pair of diaphragms 24 can be brought closer together or can be allowed to move away from each other, thus altering the distance between the internal and external pair of diaphragms. Or the distance can be variedby screwing up the rings 21 more or less tightly, the packings 26 admitting of adjustment through the small movements required.
- the air backed surfaces of the diaphragms 28 can be varied in area by introducing into the space between the diaphragms suitable solid (say, gelatine paraffin or rubber) or liquid (say. water, or alcohol) separating medium filling up a proportion of the flat spaces as indicated at 221 for one side of the instrument, means of access being provided for the introduction of the substance, for example by removing the outer. diaphragm.
- the directional properties are eontrolled.
- the two sides of the instrument are balanced acoustically by adjustments on the lines described the instrument is bidirectional, being most sensitive to waves approaching in either direction along the axis. If the symmetry or balance is slightly disturbed the instrument becomes unidirectional in a variable degree while if the acoustic asymmetry is considerable the instrument becomes nondirectional. of distance and air backing the sharpness of the directional properties can beregulated to obtain a maximum effect.
- the whole instrument may be enclosed in jelly or other acoustically transparent material contained in an outer body of rubber or like material and without any air spaces.
- a hydrophone comprising a body, two external diaphragms, two internal diaphragms coupled together and spacially separated from the external diaphragms, and means for adjusting the distance be tween the internal and external diaphragms.
- a hydrophone comprising a body, two external diaphragms, two internal diaphragms coupled together and spacially separated from the external diaphragms, and a screw adjustment for varying the distance between the internal and external diaphragms.
- a hydrophone comprising a body, two external diaphragms, two internal diaphragms coupled together and spacially. separated from the external diaphragms, and means for varying the acoustic symmetry of the instrument.
- a hydrophone comprising a body, two
- a hydrophone comprising a body, two external diaphragms, two internal diaphragms coupled together and spacially separated from the external diaphragms, and means for varying the acoustic sym metry of the instrument comprising nongaseous material introduced between the inner and outer diaphragms of at least one pair of diaphragms.
- a hydrophone comprising a body, two external diaphragms, two internal diaphragms coupled together and spacially separated from the external diaphragms, and means for varying the area of the air backed surfaces of the outer diaphragms comprising non-gaseous material introduced between the inner and outer diaphragms of at least one pair of diaphragms.
- a hydrophone comprising a body, two external diaphragms, two internal diaphragms coupled together and spacially separated from the external diaphragms, means for adjusting the distance between the internal and external diaphragms, and means for enclosing said hydrophone containing acoustically transparent non-gaseous material completely surrounding said hydrophone without air spaces.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
I Dec. 26, 1922. 1,440,361
F. L. HOPWOOD. SUBMARINE SIGNALING 'APPARATUS.
FILED JUNE 6. 1922.
9 l b/L 0 XD I /77'- TDR VEZE:
Patented Dec. 26, 1922.
FRANK LLOYD HOBWOOD, OF WOOD GREEN, LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO SUB- MARINE SIGNAL COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.
SUBMARINE SIGNALING APPARATUS.
Application filed June 6, 1922. Serial No. 566,373.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, FRANK LLOYD Hor- WOOD, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at 416 Alexandra Park Road, Wood Green, in the county of London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Submarine Signaling Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to submarine signaling apparatus of the hydrophone t pe and its chief objects are to increase the e ciency of reception of submarine sound vibrations, to enable both the sensitivity and the tuning to be varied in a predetermined manner and to obtain and vary the directional properties of the instrument as required.
The accompanying drawing shows in section a hydrophone embodying this invention.
The apparatus comprises a casing or central ring 25, on which are carried flanged rings 23 each of which carries a diaphragm 22 fixed thereto. 24 are diaphragms which are held in place against the central ring 25 by the flanged rings 23, which in turn are held in place by rings 21 that screw on to the central ring 25, 26 being suitable packing rings.
Mounted centrally between the inner pair of diaphragms 24 is a tube 27 1one end of which receives a bush 28 which slides on through an aperture in one diaphragm and has a flanged head to prevent any inward movement of the bush with respect to the diaphragm. Passing through the other diaphragm is a bush threaded on its exterior to recei e the threaded interior of that end of the tube 27 and which houses the head 29 of a screw, the threaded part of which engages with a thread in the bush 28. Attached to the tube 27 by threads or otherwise by a suitable depending piece 210 is a microphone 211, the leads for which are indicated by 212.
By rotating the head 29 of the screw, the inner pair of diaphragms 24 can be brought closer together or can be allowed to move away from each other, thus altering the distance between the internal and external pair of diaphragms. Or the distance can be variedby screwing up the rings 21 more or less tightly, the packings 26 admitting of adjustment through the small movements required. Also the air backed surfaces of the diaphragms 28 can be varied in area by introducing into the space between the diaphragms suitable solid (say, gelatine paraffin or rubber) or liquid (say. water, or alcohol) separating medium filling up a proportion of the flat spaces as indicated at 221 for one side of the instrument, means of access being provided for the introduction of the substance, for example by removing the outer. diaphragm.
By varying the distance between the diaphragms or the air backed areas or both, not only are the sensitivity and the tuning varied but by different adjustments at the two sides the directional properties are eontrolled. Thus if the two sides of the instrument are balanced acoustically by adjustments on the lines described the instrument is bidirectional, being most sensitive to waves approaching in either direction along the axis. If the symmetry or balance is slightly disturbed the instrument becomes unidirectional in a variable degree while if the acoustic asymmetry is considerable the instrument becomes nondirectional. of distance and air backing the sharpness of the directional properties can beregulated to obtain a maximum effect. I
The whole instrument may be enclosed in jelly or other acoustically transparent material contained in an outer body of rubber or like material and without any air spaces.
\Vhat I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is- 1. A hydrophone comprising a body, two external diaphragms, two internal diaphragms coupled together and spacially separated from the external diaphragms, and means for adjusting the distance be tween the internal and external diaphragms.
2. A hydrophone comprising a body, two external diaphragms, two internal diaphragms coupled together and spacially separated from the external diaphragms, and a screw adjustment for varying the distance between the internal and external diaphragms.
3. A hydrophone comprising a body, two external diaphragms, two internal diaphragms coupled together and spacially. separated from the external diaphragms, and means for varying the acoustic symmetry of the instrument.
4. A hydrophone comprising a body, two
external diaphragms, two internal diaphragms coupled together and spacially separated from the external diaphragms, and means whereby the distance between the two pairs of internal and external diaphragms may be independently adjusted at each side of the instrument.
5. A hydrophone comprising a body, two external diaphragms, two internal diaphragms coupled together and spacially separated from the external diaphragms, and means for varying the acoustic sym metry of the instrument comprising nongaseous material introduced between the inner and outer diaphragms of at least one pair of diaphragms.
I 6. A hydrophone comprising a body, two external diaphragms, two internal diaphragms coupled together and spacially separated from the external diaphragms, and means for varying the area of the air backed surfaces of the outer diaphragms comprising non-gaseous material introduced between the inner and outer diaphragms of at least one pair of diaphragms.
7. A hydrophone comprising a body, two external diaphragms, two internal diaphragms coupled together and spacially separated from the external diaphragms, means for adjusting the distance between the internal and external diaphragms, and means for enclosing said hydrophone containing acoustically transparent non-gaseous material completely surrounding said hydrophone without air spaces.
FRANK LLOYD HOllVOOD.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US566373A US1440361A (en) | 1922-06-06 | 1922-06-06 | Submarine signaling apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US566373A US1440361A (en) | 1922-06-06 | 1922-06-06 | Submarine signaling apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1440361A true US1440361A (en) | 1922-12-26 |
Family
ID=24262611
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US566373A Expired - Lifetime US1440361A (en) | 1922-06-06 | 1922-06-06 | Submarine signaling apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1440361A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2444911A (en) * | 1942-12-04 | 1948-07-13 | Submarine Signal Co | Acoustic structure |
| US2715717A (en) * | 1943-03-25 | 1955-08-16 | Joseph F Keithley | Method and apparatus for measuring and analyzing transient pressures in a body of water |
| US2960175A (en) * | 1946-06-06 | 1960-11-15 | Edwin M Mcmillan | Laminated acoustic window |
| US3489240A (en) * | 1967-05-04 | 1970-01-13 | Western Co Of North America | Seismic method |
-
1922
- 1922-06-06 US US566373A patent/US1440361A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2444911A (en) * | 1942-12-04 | 1948-07-13 | Submarine Signal Co | Acoustic structure |
| US2715717A (en) * | 1943-03-25 | 1955-08-16 | Joseph F Keithley | Method and apparatus for measuring and analyzing transient pressures in a body of water |
| US2960175A (en) * | 1946-06-06 | 1960-11-15 | Edwin M Mcmillan | Laminated acoustic window |
| US3489240A (en) * | 1967-05-04 | 1970-01-13 | Western Co Of North America | Seismic method |
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