US1431359A

US1431359A - Ments

Info

Publication number: US1431359A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1922-10-10
Anticipated expiration: 1939-10-10

Description

H. BOCKISCH' AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT. APPLICATION FILED Nav. 2o. 1919.

1,431,359. Patent-ed 0@t.10,1922

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1. Q

H. BooKlscH.

AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT. APPLICATION FILED Nov. 2o. 1919.

HABOCKISCH.

AUTOMATIC `MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

-APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20l 19197 Patented Oct 10, 1922.

gwuanIoz E'I'lzl'll en/9125010 Quorum,

Patented Oct. 10, 1922.

UNITED` STATES PATENT OFFICE..

niirNRron nocxrsoiror POUGHXEEPSIR, N RWYORK, AssrGNOR, BY MRsNn ASSIGN- MENTS, To wRLTE-Mre-NON CORPORATION, or NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

Application filed November 20,y 1919. Serial No. 339,260.

To all w hom t may cmi-cern:

Be it known that I, HEINRICH BooiUsoH, a citizen of CZecho-Slovakia, residing at Poughkeepsie, in the county of Dutchess and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Musical Instruments, of which the following is a specification. y

The automatic mechanism forming the essence of the present invention may be. very usefully employed or embodied in, or in connection with,` an organ, orchestrion or other like instrument having a series of tone-emitting elements for manual scales and a series of tone emitting elements for pedal scales, its employment in such case being as a means for selectively operating the toneemitting elements so that the tones emitted will be manual tones alone, pedal tones alone, or both manual and pedal tones together, in any of the infinite variety of combinations of manual and pedal tones necessary to the proper rendition of musical compositions.

In organ compositions, the manual scales and thepedal scale should be operable independently of each other. This permits, for example, the playing of a chord on a very soft stopas vi'olin-On the first manual, while at the same time a solo in a different tone color-as oboe-is being played on the second manual and a very deep soft note on a 16 foot bourdon isbeing sounded in the pedal. y

In pipe organs and other musical instruments of analogous nature whose tone-emitting elements are formed to give forth musical tones when subjected to the influence ot currents of air and in which there is generally a very extensive scale, running from very low notes in the pedal to high notesin a manual, or in a plurality of manuals,the provision of each manual and pedal scale with a separate series of tone ducts, in order that the playing of the same may be controlled by a perforated note sheet, vor other appropriate record, would necessitate a great number of such ducts and the record for opening and closing the ducts would have to becorrespondingly wide, if it be a perforatedvnote sheetor long,.if it be a cylinder with projections, for example.- The objections to the use of records of such character are apparent. y y

Having all the foregoing inniind I ,in-

vented and have patented three generically similar but particularly different embodiments of mechanismhaving` the foregoing functions and advantages. These patents were all `issued September 5, 1916, and' are numbered 1,197 ,57 3; 1,197 ,574 and 1,197,575, respectively.` LThey were issued to M. VVelte & Sons, of New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York, assignee, to whom this invention belongs.

This application relates to a further particular embodiment of the same generic invention having the same purposes inl view and an additional purpose, to wit, to simplify the construction and` render the parts more accessible for inspection and repair.

This stated purpose or object `and vothers which will be apparent to those familiar with these inventions and the art to which they have reference are secured by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of mechanism-embodying the present improvements; Y

y Fig. 2 is a perspective view, partly in section, on a larger scale than Fig. 1, ofthe particular parts of the mechanism for controlling pedal effects which differ in detail from my former inventions hereinbefore named.

"Figs 3, 4 and 5 are detail representations of the perforated note sheet which I prefer to 'employ as the record for operating the mechanism, this note `sheet being the same as that shown in my former patents.

Similar characters of reference denote corresponding parts inthe several views.

A and B designate portions of the organ wind chest for manual notes and pedal notes respectively.` These are provided with chambers marked A and B', respectively, to which the tone-emitting elements C and C, as organ pipes, for example, are connected. There are a series of tone-emitting elements connected with each chamber A and B', each element giving :forth` a different note and each series forming a scale or set. `When, as in an organ, orchestrion or the like, it is,` desired to embody in the instrument a plurality or series of tone-emitting elements giving forth different qualities of tone'of the same note, it is preferred, as is usual in organs, to provide each portion 4A, and Bof the wind chest with a plurality of chambers A', B, corresponding in num ber with the number of the qualities of tones which are to be produced. To exemplify this, the portion A of the wind chest appropriated to the manual notes or effects is shown as having a plurality of chambers A each of which, in practice, has connection with a series of tone-emitting elements C which form parts of the manual scales and are preferably so arranged that those clements which emit dillerent qualities of tone of the same note will'be in line with each other but connected to the different chambers, as shown. Similarly, the portion B of the wind chest appropriated to the pedal notes or effects is, for the salte of example, illustrated as having two chambers B provided with two lines of tone-emitting clements C of different qualities of tone, forming parts of the pedal scale. The same lineal arrangement of the elements giving forth different qualities of tones of the same note explained with reference to the portion A, is illustratedwith respect to the portion B.

The connection between each chamber and the tone-emitting elements controlled therefrom includes a valve c. These valves open and close passages c between the chambers and the respective tone-emitting elements. The valves forming a set, for the elements emitting different qualities of tones of the same note are connected with each other preterably by rods c2, each having a spring, c, for closingthe valves connected thereby.

The chambers A and B are connected with a suitable source of supply of air under pressure and have valves A2, B2, suitably operated to admit the ir to the respective chambers. In the ordinary humanly played organ these valves B2 are connected with the stops of the organ. In the present instance they are operated auto matially` preferably by the means illustrated and described in my Patent Number 1,197,573, hereinbefore named.

D designates a tracker board containing the mouths of a series of tone ducts 12 and the mouths of a pair of control ducts l and 2. Certain of the tone ducts 12 are common to the valves c of the manual and pedal chests. For example. if the manual has a scale of sixty-one (61) notes and the pedal has a scale of thirty (39) notes additional to those of the manual, the ducts 12 for the lowest thirty notes of the manual scale are employed for the pedal scale also, the remaining thirty-one notes of the manual scale having a separate duct for each such note. This invention is concerned only with the scales having ducts 12 common to both.

The mechanism connecting the ducts 12 respectively with the corresponding sets of valves c includes primary operatinov pneumatie elements E and G and secondary op- @rating pneumatic elements F and tl. The connections between the primary operating pneumatic elements E and the secondary operating pneumatic elements F include a parallel electric circuit, hereinafter described, forming parts of manual tone circuits,7 circuit making and breaking elements, as the circuit closing elements e, g, controlled by the elements E and G and means, as magnets f, respectively' operated by said circuits and controllingthrough intermediate mechanism mounted in a secondary manual tone chest I, the relative pressures which operate the elements F.

Similarly, the connection between the primary operating pneumatic elements Gr and secondary operating pneumatic elements H include parallel. electric circuits hereinafter described. forming parts of pedal tone circuits,77 circuit making and breaking elements, as the circuit closing element g, controlled by the elements G, and means, as magnets 71 respec tively, operated by said circuits and con trolling, through intermediate mechanism, hereinafter described, in a secondary pedal tone chest I, the relative pressures 'which operate the pneumatics H.

The mechanism in the chests I and I may be substantially the same as that previously employed by me for a similar purpose and disclosed in my patents hereinbefore named. Only one section of each is shown. They are hereinafter particularly described. The pneumatic elements F and H thereof are connected with the respective valve rods c preferably by means, F and H, similar to that heretofore employed by me.

The control duct-s 1 and 2 are connected with chambers 3 and 3 in primary control members J and J', respectively having pri mary control valves 4t and t arranged in chambers 5 and 5". These members J and J also have other chambers G and (3, respectively, separated from the chambers and 3"* by membranes 7 and 7' to which the stems S and Se of the primary control valves i and la are connected. The valve et opens and closes ports 9 and 10 alternately, and through these ports respectively the chamber 5 has comn'mnication with the atmosphere or with the chamber 6, and the valve 4 alternately opens and closes ports frL and 101 through `which the chamber 5 similarly has communication with the atmosphere oruwith the chamber 6a. The chambers G and G are under suction and are connected with the chambers 3 and 8 respectively by bleed holes 11 and 11a. y I

The tone ducts 12 are respectively connected with chambers 13 in a primary tone chest, K, which is common to both the ser ondary manual tone chest I and the secondary pedal tone chest I. This chest K comprises (in addition to the chambers 13) llO primary tone valves 1,4,chambers 15 in which said valves worke` chambers 16 which are `under suction and are separated from the 4chambers 13 by membranes 17 connected to y"the `stems 18 of ythe valves 14, atmospheric ports 19 to the chambers 15, suction ports 20 between chambers 15 and 16, and bleed holes 21 between chambers 13 and 1G.

As thus Jr'ar described thechests l., I and K and ducts 1, 2-and 12 are structurally and functionally similar to the corresponding partsv of the patents,hereinberore named: the ducts 12 being tone ductsL common to the pedal and `manual scales, and `the ducts 1 and 2 being control ducts for determining' whether the tones shall speak in the pedal alone' or in both pedal and manual, -the mechanismk being so arranged that when yneither control duct is openedthe manual scale alone will be played, as in my patents referred to.v lt will be understood that the number of ducts 12 Vand valves 14 corre- -sponds to the. number of notesy common to pedal and manual scales and that there is one such duct' and valve for each note. or one for each set of connected valves c when there are a plurality of such valves controlling the emission of tones or different qualities of the same note. Alt will similarly be understood that there is only one lductfl andprimarv valve 4 for the `entire series of tones in the pedal scale, and one i duct 2 and primaryvalve,4a orfvthe, entire j series" of tones in the vmanual. scale.

l `In this particular exemplication of the Y invention there is `one primary `operating pneumatic element E `for each note of the manual scale and eachhas a' circuit closing member' e secured to its movable board, and

similarly there is one primary operating element G 'for eachnote or the pedaly scale and eachhas a contact member secured to its movable Aboard.` Moreover, 1n this particular ,-exemplification of the invention the series or primary operating pneumatic elements Gk for thefpedal scale are mounted in asuction chamber L or'` a `boXL: and the seriesfov primary operating pneumatic elements E for vthe manual scale are arranged in a suction chamber M of a boX h4. The'boX L yhas a channel Nthe air in which is*normally1 comprises a stem 25 and valve members or heads 26 and 27 on opposite ends of the stem. The valve member 26 is mounted in a cham ber 28 containing air whose pressure is less than atmospheric and opens and closes a port 29 through which said chamber has ycommunicaticn with a duct 30con11ected to the channel N. The other valve member, 27,

opens and closes communication of the duct 3() with the atmosphere.` The valve member 26 rests upon a membrane 31 one side or which is constantly subjected to the less than atmospheric pressure in the chamber 28 and the other side of which is subjected to the pressure in a chamber 32, which is connected to chamber '28 by a bleed hole l33.

- Chamber 32 is provided with an atmospheric duct 34 which is opened and closed by a valve 35 carried by the armature 36,041. an electro-magnet 37. This magnet is in a control circuit controlledv by the primary control valve 4 as hereinafterv more particularly set forth. lt will `be seen that when this magnet is cle-energized the way between the duct 30 and the suction chamber 28 will be open and the wav between said duct and the atmosphere will be closed,` and hence Athe air in channel N 4will beat less `than It will be apparent atmospheric pressure. that if the magnet 37 be energized, its arma- "ture 36 `will thereby be attracted and atmospheric duct 34 will be opened. Air at atmos plieric pressure will. then enter chamber 32, thereby moving valve 26, and cutting oli' communication of duct 30 with suction chamber 28 and at theV same timemoving l `valve meinber2'7 and `opening communication or said duct- 30 with` the: `atmosphere, thus changing the pressure ot the 'air in channel N from less than atmospheric to l atmospheric.

The intermediate mechanism lor changing the air pressure iircliannel O includes a secondary control valve 38, mounted in a chamber 39 having an atmospheric port 40 `and a suction port 41, the 'latter opening intoa suction chamber 42 4whichl is separated from a chamber 43 by a lmembrane 44 connected to the stem 38a of the valve 38.r It

`is preferred to` control the pressure of the air in the chamber by what l call a 'subprimary control valve which preferably comprises a stem having valve-members 45CL and 45b on opposite ends thereof. This sub-primary control valve is operated by a membrane 46, located between and subjected to the pressures in the suction chamber .42 and a chamber 47. The stem 445 extends through a port 48 one end of which is open to the atmosphere and the other end of which is openv to the suction chamber 42, and the valve-members 45a and 45b are so correlated with this port that the port is open to the suction chamber and to the atmosphere alternately. This port 48 is connected with vchamber 43 by a channel 49, and chambers '4: i3 and 4:7 are connected with suction chamber 2l-2 liv bleed holes and Chamber ail-7 provided With an atmospheric duct 52 which opened and closed by a valve cari" d by the armature of an l-flectro-niagnet which. is in a control circuit though opened and closed under control oit the primary control valve 4f as hereinafter explained, ift will be understood that ivheifthe magnet is not energ iced` vwhich is what l call the normal condition because it is the condition which most frequently exists in. this exempliiicatioi'i et the invention, atmospheric port 4l() open and channel O 'will be in communication 'with the atmosphere through duct 56, cl'iamber 89 and port lV-O: and that when said magnet is energized; the duct 52 will be opened to the atmosphere, thereby causing valve-member to close port 48 against suction and velre meniber L15b to open said port to the atmosphere, whereupon chamber 113 will be in communication with the atmosphere, through channel 1li) and port 48, thus causing valve 38 to be moved and to close the atmospheric port l0 and open the suction port l1, resulting in the attenuation of the air in channel which nonv is in communication With suction chamber 42, through duct 56., chamber and port Lili.. 1t ivill be observed that by reason et the provision ol a sub-primary valve tor controllina the secondary control valve 38, which latter should be comparatively lareje, the change of the pressure channel (i from atmospheric to than atmos heric very quickly eiectuated.

The magnet 3T energized by one o' ELcontrol cicuits, i' the one under on trol oil" the prii'nary control valve il, to change the pressure et the air channel hl from less than atmospheric to by the collepsioe` oil: a pneumatic, as CLG, for example. havin g3; conti the space bet" *een rontact Y The `vire a is connected with he p l pole ot a suitable soince ot electric potential indicated at P by a wire n., and the (L3 is connected rith the maan-it 3? by a Wire a2, and said magnet is connected with the negative pole of the source by 'Wire a".

The magnetis energized by the control circuit, i. e, the one in trol o the primary control val-.e l o change the press re oit the in channel i) from atmospheric to less traan atmospheric by the collapsing; oit a pneun'iatic, as bellows c, :For example, h ari? a Contact Zi to brit the space between contact 'Wires 5 am1 The Wire b connected with the posit pole of the source l?, by Wire ff, i Wire o3 is connected i h the magnet 5a a Wire Zig, and said ma y et is connected the negative pole of the source by a Wire f. Channel N, in this exemplilication et the invention, is connected through a series of ports with the beilore mentioned series of primari' operating` pneumatic elements (l, there benggj one oli' said ports and elements for cach pedal note. These pneumatic elements are preferably bellows mounted, as etated, in the suction chamber L of a chest L. The); are provided Wi.ths]' rings 59 lor holdingthem normally in collapsed condition and their circuit closing devices 58 cai-r the. hereinbeifore mentioned electrical circuit closingv elements' g and each of these contacts bridges the space between a pair oit contact wires c and c to energize the corref' tondino' mag-n et 72,. There is one o'l these mami-ets Yfor each pedal note.

Channel 0 in this exeii'iplification of the invention similarly is connected, through a series ot iorts GO -with the hereinbel'ore relerred to series of pneumatic elements E, one Yfor each manual tone. These elements are pre'l'erably bellows mounted, as stated, in the suction chamber M of the chest, M. The)Y are provided with springs 61a "lor collapsing them when their internal pressure is reduced from atmospheric to less than atmospheric. rtheir circuit closing devices G1 the circuit closing elements e for 'g-inig; the spaces between pairs ot cond, ci", respectively, to energize the hereinbe'lore referred to magnets of the scoor/lary manual tone chest 1.

the corresponding circuit closeic n y: and lor each primary manual @tuur element E there is alocking-pneu- 7*- i i provided with a prolection f8 movnto and out ot the path ol the corresponding;- circuit closing` element e. Each prieumatie Z5 is provided with a duct 79 and each pneumatic Tl' is provided with a. duct 80. The ductsv i9 and 8O for the locking pneumatics which correspond to each othery are connected to a, channel 81 common thereto. Will be understood that there is one channel Sl iter each pair ot ducts T9 and 80. Th ese channels respectively are in communication with ports 82 which extend 'from a suction chamber 83 to the atmosphere. The pressure of the air in the respective channels 81 .is controlled by valves hereinafter called locking valves each of which preferably comprises tvfo valve members 84 and 85, mounted on opposite ends of a stem 8G. The valve members S-l are in the chamber 83 and the valve members 85 are in the atmosphere: hence when the ports 82 are closed to the suction. chamber they will be open to the atmosphere, and vice versa. Said ports are normally closed to the atmosphere and open to suction, and hence the pneumatics and 77 are normally collapsed. Air at atmospheric pressure is admitted to these pneumatics to expand them, by admitting atmospheric air to achamber 87 `which is sepas rated ,tromthe chamber 83 by a membrane 88 which engages the valve member 84; and when distended raises said valve member and alsolthe valve member 85, thus closingthe channel Sl against the suction chamber and opening it to` the atmosphere` ,The chamber 87 is connected to chamber 83 by a bleed hole 89. An atmospheric duct 90 extends to the chamberS'. it Will be understood that there is one atmospheric duct 90, chamber 87, locking-valve and membrane `8S for each channel 8l and as each duct 90 may be opened and closed independently7 ot every other7 it follows that the channels 8l Vare severally controllable yand hence each pair of locking `pneumatics 7 5 and 77 may be collapsed or expanded independently ot every other pair oi said' pneumatics.y The openingY and closing of the ducts 90 are ac` complished by energizing and dcenergizing` electro-magnets Q'i-ene for eachsaid duct` Whosey armatures 91a are vprovided with valves 92.1 These magnets 91 are in circuits which are opened and closed under controlA of the primaryitone valves i4, respectively;

that is to say, they arein itone circuits".`

Each ot these'tone circuits includes contact wires g and g4, the space betweenwhich is bridged by a contact g2 carried by a ypneumatic g3, which pneumatic is preferably a bellows Whose interior is in communication with the corresponding` chamber 15 ot the'y primary tone chest 'Qso that when valve ll is moved yby the opening of the corresponding tone duct i2 and closes atmospheric port 19 and open suction port 20, the bellows g3 will becollapsed and will thereby move its contact g? into bridging engagementr with terminals g', g4. y t It should be understood at this point that when the parts are arranged as herein eX-` empliiied, the closing of the control circuit through the magnet 37 is a' preparatory `function and that it occurs immediately ing ot the control `circuits through the mag-i nets 37 and' 55 similarly is apreparatory function and occurs immediately before the closing ot the tone circuits through the magnets `91 corresponding to the notesto be sounded, when pedal tones or effects aloney are to be produced,y i. e., When the manual (which is operative when both ducts l and y Efare closed and consequently neither magnet `nor magnet is energized and Vis also operative when duct l is open and duct `:2 closed) has been excluded by the opening' ot duct-2J which, as before explained, energizes magnet-55 and thereby vcauses the y air in channel O to be attenuated.

matics corresponding` to tone ducts 12 which are open at the moment the `controly duct 2 is opened, all manual tones Would cease immediately upon the openingy of the control duct VQ. Likewise, when control duct 2 is closed and the air inchannel O becomes atmospheric, the tendency ot course is for all the pneumatic operating elements E to expand and carry their contacts e into en gagement With contact Wires d, d', andA if thisv tendency werenot resisted as to those elements corresponding to tone chiots 12 which are open at the momentl the tone duct 2 is closed7 the tones controlled by said ducts i2 `would sound in the manual as Well as in the pedal. all pneumatic operating elements G to eX- pand and carry their circuit closing ele-` ments into engagement with contact Wires c, c Whenever duct l is opened and to collapse and Withdraivtheir. contacts `from such engagement as soon as said duct is closed; so. that this tendency unless restricted as `to those' elements which are connected to open tone ducts would introduce av pedal tone where itwas not Wanted or out it ott' toosoon. `To permit the employment of a record vhaving short control openings, to open the control ducts immediately prior to the opening ot those tone ducts'lQ for tones'ivhich are kto be affected by the control ducts and to close as soon as said ducts commence to open,` and to assure the maintenance of the tones for the Yfulltime the respective tone ducts are open,4 tol thereby make it possible to render correctly any organ composition, I `have arranged the sets of pairs of locking pneumatics 7 5 land 77 hereinbe'fore referred to in the tone circuits so that they respectivelyy retain the positions to which they were set by the opening ot a tone duct unless said tone duct has been closed. Accordingly, the tendency of thepneumatic operating elements E to coliapse Whenever control duct is opened,

or the tendency rof 'pneumaticoperatingelements G to expand Whenever d uct l' is opened,

lis resisted as to those elements E or G correspendingl to open tone ducts 12 because when said ducts Were opened the correspondinglocking pneumatics 77 or were expanded and their members 7S or 7 6 Were carried into the path which would be traversed by the corresponding circuit closing1 elements e or g in receding from the contact Wires d, al', or approaching the contact wirosjc, c and thus prevent such movement and therebyr maintain the circuit closing` elements e in engagement With the Wires Similarly7 the tendency is for Lils CII

ci CZ, and prevent engagement of the circuit closing elements g with the contact wires c, c. Similarly, the tendency ot'the pneumatic operating elements E to expand when duct 2 is closed, and the tendency of the pneumatic operating elements G to collapse when duct l is opened is resisted as to those elements E or G corresponding to open tone ducts l2 because when said ducts were opened the corresponding locking pneumatics TT and 75 were expanded and their members TS and 76 were moved into the paths which would be traversed by the respective circuit closing elements e and g and will thereby prevent such respective expansion or collapse and accordingly will prevent engagement of said circuit closing elements e with contact wires d, cZ, and maintain engagement of the circuit closing elements g with the contact wires o, c. Obviously, however, all those operating elements, E, il, which do not correspond to open tone ducts l2 will be instantaneously moved by the opening or closing et control ducts l, 2, because the locking pneumatics 75, 77, for these particular elements, E, G, are not at this time expanded and accordingly their members 76. 78 are not engaged with or in the paths et the circuit closing elements e hus it will be seen that the locking pneumatics are important as they permit the control ducts to be closed at the moment the ducts l2 corresponding to tones to be affected by the control ducts are opened, so that all the control elements and all the parts except these corresponding to affected tones are ready ttor the next tone or tones called lor by the composition. The correlation ol parts is such that any pedal tone may be sounded with any manual tone, or any manual. tone may be sounded alone or any pedal tone may be sounded alone.

l have already traced diagrammatically the circuits between the source P and the respective magnets 37 and 55 and will presently trace diagrammatically the circuits which are closed when the manual is plaUU ii f alone, (2) when pedal tones or ellects are iinroduced with corresponding manual tenes, and (3) when the pedal is playing alone; but before doing this l will briefly describe the preferred construction of the chests l. l previously referred to as beingA substantially identical with corresponding` parts hitherto employed me and shown and described in my patents hereinbelore named.

@lily one section oi each chest is shown, that is to say, the section for one secondary operating pneumatic element. It will be understood that there is a like section for each note, s the two chests are alike in construction, except that the manual chest I may have more sections than the pedal chest l', the same reference characters have been employed to designate corresponding elements ol' the two chests. Each section comprises lor each manual and pedal tone, a valve chamber 63 having a suction port 64; and an atmospheric port 65; a chamber 6G having an atmospheric duct G7 to be opened and closed by a valve 68 carried by the armature f of the corresponding magnet a membrane G9 forming one wall of the charnber 6G; a valve 70 in the chamber (53, having .its stem 7011 connected to said membrane. The several suction ports 64 of the chest I open into a common suction chamber 62, and the like ports 64; of the chest l open into a like common suction chamber 62. Hence it will be seen that whenever a magnet 7 or 72y is energized, the corresponding valve 70 will be moved to close its atmospheric duct G5 and open its suction duct Gel, thereby collapsing the corresponding pneumatica F or H.

The operation is as follows:

Whenever a tone duct l2 is opened the correspondino pneumatic 13 of the primary tone chest K. is collapsed, thereby causing the contact g2 to bridge the space between Contact wires g and f/' and closing an electric circuit through which the corresponding magnet 91 is energized, this circuit being as follows: from the positive pole ot the source l), by wire a: to bus bar from the terminal 03 on said bar corresponding to the duct which has been opened, by wire g8 to the corresponding magnet 91; through said magnet and from its terminal r/G by wire gf' to contact wire gt; and through bridge contact g2, contact wire g and wire g to the negative pole ot the source. The energizing oi each magnet 91, causes the corresponding pair ol locking-pneumatics and 77 to be in'llated.

It neither et the control ducts is opened at this time, the tone will be sounded in the manual alone, it being remembered that the primary operating pneumatic element E is normally inflated and the circuit closing elements e operated thereby accordingly, normally bridge the spaces between the pairs of contact wires Z cl, respectively. The several wires d are connected b v wires ma to the respective terminals gs, and the several wires el are connected by wires m4' to the respective magnets The negative sides of said magnets j' are respectively connected by wires 052 with terminals ai on the bus bar X. Hence the magnets f are in parallel, circuits (forming parts ol the manual tone circuits) extending from the terminals gs to the terminals 6c and which circuits include the contact wires Z and d and circuit closing elements e.

lWhen any pedal tone is to be int-reduced with a corresponding manual tone, the control duct 'l is opened slightly in advance of 130 the opening of the particular tone duct 12 corresponding to the note to be influenced. This, as already stated, a preparatory function and causes the pneumatic a6 o't the primary control member J to collapse and its contact a to bridge the gap between contact wires a and c?, thus closing the con,- trol circuit to magnet 37 and changing the pressure of the air in channel N from less than atmospheric to atmospheric. All the primary operating pneumatic elements G, except those corresponding' ito open tone ducts 12, are instantaneously inflated and their circuit closing elements g arenthus moved to bridge the gaps between the re spective pairs of contact Wires c and 0, and accordingly is a preparatory function. The respective organ magnets 7L of the pedal are in parallel circuits (forming parts of the pedaltone circuitsg) comprising Wires glo extending from the respective terminals g@ to the contact Wires-c', Wires g extending from the contact Wires c tothe respective magnets 7L and Wires Q12 extending from the respective magnets to the corresponding terminalsl x on the bus bar X. Hence, the several magnets 7L are in parallel circuits extending from the terminals g to the terminals w and Which circuits include the Contact Wires c and c and circuit closing elements g. It will be noted that while at this moment all the circuit closing elements g (except those connected. to tone ducts already open are bridginfr the spaces between theV pairs of Contact Wires c c/ yet the tone circuit corresponding to the note to be played inthe manual and pedal is interrupted at the primary tone chest K until the tone duct 12 corresponding to said note has been,

opened. When a duct 12 has been opened the tone circuits 'which rinclude the correspending magnets 91, z and jf are all closed, as will be apparent.

It will be noted that when said tone duct- 12 was opened and the corresponding` nuig-` net 91 thereby energized, air at atmospheric pressure was introduced into the correspoml ing pair of locking-pneumatics and 77,

`thus intlating them and holding` them in inflated condition until the tone duct is closed. The initiation of pneumatic 75 moves its element 76 back or the corresponding circuit closing elements g of the inflated pneumatic element G, and hence acts as a stop against said contact ior holding it into bridging engagernent with the contact Wires c, c, assuring that this contact is maintained in such engagement for the full length of time that the tone duct is opened. The remainder ot the elements Gr, not thus held, are allowed to collapse. Similarly, the inflation of lockingpneumatic 77 moves its element 78 back of the corresponding circuit closing elements c, and holds said contact iirmly against kthe corresponding pairoi contact wires d, d as long as the corresponding tone duct is open, thereby assuring that th re shall be no interruption in the manual tone Whose duct 12 is open, due tothe opening o' a control duct 2, preparatory to playinga succeeding note in the pedal alone. f

lil/'hen a note is to be sounded in the pedal alone both ducts 1 and 2 are opened. The. opening of duct 1, as already set forth, results in the expansion oi all the unrestrained pneumatics G and the moving of their contacts into bridging engagement 1with the terminals c, c so that the circuit through any one or more of the magnets 7L Will be closed when the corresponding tone ducts 12 are opened. The opening olf duct 2, on the other hand energizes the magnet by collapsing the pneumatic Zit ot member Ji. The energizing or magnet 55, as already explained, opens the duet 5G to suction and closes it against air at atmospheric pressure. All the unrestrained pneumatic elements E are thus collapsed, 'therebyv moving their circuit closing elements c out o12 bridging engagement with terminals c, o and breaking the circuits to the magnets j". The opening nouv of a tone duct or ducts 12, obviously will result in the sounding of the note or notes in the pedal only. lt will be understood 'from the foregoing explanation, that when a tone duct is new opened, the corresponding magnet 91 will be energized thus intlating the corresponding locking pneumatics Y land; 77, the pneumatic 75 moving its elements 76 behind the corresponding circuit closing element g into locking relation. therewith and the pneumatic 7T moving its element 78 between the cor esponding circuit closing element c and the pairs ot terminals (l, Z to be bridged thereby and preventing inflation of the pneus .matic element E connected to said circuit closing element until the tone duct the opening of which iniated the pneumatic 'rhas been closed, Wherciuaen both o't said pneumatics will be (letlated by the ie-energizing oit the corresponding magnet 91, resulting iu 'the closing oit the ducts 79 and 80 against the. atmosphere and the opening off' said ducts to the suction in the chamber S3.

l Stops 100 and 101 tor each locking pneumatic 75 and 77 are preferably provided to regulate the extent ot movement oit said. pneun'iatics, and to provide iter adjustment, the stops 100 are preferably composed of threaded stems having apertured heads for convenience in turning them. vStops 102 are also preferably provided to llimit the extent of expansive movement oit the pneumatics E and i Thus it will be seen that 1 have provided a simple and 'very practicable mechanism by which any one or more tones in the pedal scale or any one or more tones in the manual scale may be sounded alone,l or any one or more tones in either scale .may be sounded in CTX combination with any one or more tones of the other scale, from series of tone ducts common to both sealer-.1. ,l sin'iple and practicable means by which the control ducts cned and clo ed .in proper relation to the tone ducts, to produce the ellfects stred, is the perforated note sheet illustinted in ll s. 3, Aiand and which note "j kj Y J with that already ein- A.loyed by me Yfor the same purpose and shown and described in my patents hereinbeilore named, need not be pa" i ilarly described herein lt c il be seen that a are the tone apertures in the note sheet, n the special aperture which reg ers with the infuith oit the control duct l and a2 the special aperture which refristors with the mouth ot the control duct 9: and it will be noted that the rear ends of the sjkiecial apertines n" and 'a2 are in line transversely oi'f the sheet with the :forward ends ot the tone apertures n which they arc to intliieuce. They do not, in this exemplilication, intluoi'ice notes controlled by tone apertures which are otherwise related to the special apertures than as ust described.

Vilhile l have illustrated and described somewhat minutely a particular detail embodiment ot the invention :i nevertheless would have it understood that this merely a preferred detail embodiment and that changes in the details nay be made without depai from the spirit of the invention or the substance of the appended cl ims. Hence the invention is not i stricted to the part"cular details olz construction herein illustrated to exemplify a desirable embodiment. l particularly call attention to the Yict that in an application oit even date herewith I have exemplified an embodiment of the invention which is generically similar in many respects., but spccincally different from this runbodiment. The ,generic features common to the two embodiments are claimed herein. lvloreover, while I have shown only one manual scale it is apparent that more than one such scale may be included and that this will require substantially a duplication only of the mechanism herein sot iorth for the one maiiual scale, including the addition of a control duct, a control valve, and a switching mechanism and their associated parts for each additional scale. The operating); characteristics of such additional mainial or manuals will preferably be similar to those described with relation to the pedal, that to say, the pneumatics oit the additional manuals correspondingto the pneumatics lt 'will preferably be deflated when the corresponding tone ducts are closed.

TWith the detail construction described, the tracker board A, control members B and B and primary tone chest C may be in a console arranged at a distance from the orga-n proper and the rest of the mechanism may be in said organ proper.

Having thus described the invention what l believe to be new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. ln a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality ot scales of tone-emitting elements; a series of tone ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to establish an operative relationship between any one or more olf' the tone-emitting),` elements oit either scale alone, or any one or more corresponding or non-correspondingF elements ot both scales together, and their tone-ducts, the said mechanism including control ducts and movable members operated under control ot the control ducts to establish or break the connections to the toneeinitting elements, and also including; locking1 elements and means under control of the tone-ducts, l'or moving' the locking elements into holding relation with the movable members.

2. ln a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality oit scales of tone-emitting elements; a series ot' tone ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to establish an operative relationship between an" one or more of the tone-emittinf;r elements of either scalo alone, or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, and their tone-ducts, the said mechanism including control ducts, tone circuits having movable circuit makingl or breaking` members under control ot the control ducts, locking elements and means under control of the toneducts `tor maintaining the locking elements in holding relation with the respective circuit naking and breakingmembers.

.ln a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality7 of scales of tone-emitting elements; a series of tone ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to establish an operative relationship between any one or more of the tone-emitting' elements of either scale alone, or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, and their tone-ducts, the said mechanism including control ducts, tone circuits having a set of circuit making` or breaking` members for eachscale ot tone-emittingelements and an additional set of circuit making or breaking members common to both scales, means for operatingAq the additional set of circuit making or breaking;- members under control of the tone-ducts, respectively, means for 0peratingthe first-mentioned sets of circuit making or breaking members under control oil the control ducts, respectively, a set of locking' elements -for each hist-mentioned set of V'circuit making or breaking members, and means under control of the tone ducts for operating the locking elements.

llO

4. ln a record controlled musicalinstrument, the combination with a plurality olz scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone ducts common to said plurality or scales and mechanism to establish an operative re-` lationship between any one or more ol the tone-emitting elements oifeither scale alone, or any one or more corresponding or noncorresponding elements of 1 both `scales together, and their tone ducts, the said mechanism including control ducts, operating pneumatics, means under control of the control ducts for controlling the relative pressures to which the operating pneumatics are subjected, connections between the operating pneumatics and the tone-emitting elements, including movable members operated by said pneumatics to make or break the connections, locking elements and means under control of the tone ducts for movingl the locking elements into holding relation with the movable members. j

5. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination with a pluralityot scales of tone-emitting elements, a` series oi tone ducts common to said plurality rot-scales an dl mechanism to establish an operative relationship between any one or more of the toneemitting elements of either scale alone, or

any one or more corresponding or non-correspending elements of both scales together, and their tone ducts, the said mechanism including control ducts, operating pneumatics, means under control of the control ducts for controlling the relative pressures to which the operating pneumatics are subjected, connections between the operating pneumatics and the tone-emitting elements, including movable members operated by said pneumatics to make or break the connections,

`locking elements, pneumatics connected to emitting elements and means by which saidy members are moved under control of the control ducts to establish or break connection between the respective tone ducts andtoneemitting elements, and further including `a locking element for each movable member and means under control of the tone-ducts for moving the locking elements into or out ot' holding engagement with the lrespective movable members. i

7. ln a mechanism of the class described, the combination with the two separate scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone ducts'common thereto and control ducts for the scales, respectively, of ,operative connections between the ducts and tone-emitting elements, said connections including tonecircuits for the scales of tone-emitting elements, each of said circuits having a member movable to make or break rthe circuit, means under control of the control ducts for operating said `members, a locking element ,tor each member and means kunder control of the tone-ductsfor moving the lockingl elements into and out of holding relation with the respective movable members.

i S. In a mechanismof the class described, the combination with the two separate scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone ducts common thereto and control ducts for the scales, respectively, of operative connecother series oi said members being normallyy in position in which the connection to the corresponding tone-emitting i elements is broken, means under control o one control duct, tending to move the last mentioned series of movable members to cause the corresponding tone-emitting elements to be operated when the` respective tone `ducts `are opened, means under controloi the other control duct tending to move the'other series of movable members to break `the connection to the corresponding series of tone-emitting elements, and locking elements under control of the tone ducts for resisting said tenden-` cies as to the n'iovable `members corresponding to tone ducts which are open at the time either control ductis opened. i

5'). In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with the two separate Vscales ol? tone-emitting elements, a series of tone ducts common thereto` and control ducts `for ythe scales, respectively, ot operative connections between the ducts and tone-emitting elements, saidV connections including tone circuits having a set of circuit making or breaking members for yeachscale of toneemitting elements and an additional set ot circuit makingor breaking elements common to both scales, one of the l'irst.mentioned sets being normally inicircuit making position and the other normally in circuit breaking position, means under control lo't one control duct, tending to move the lasty mentioned set of circuit i'nakingv or breaking members into circuit making position, means under control ot the other control duct, tending to move the other set of circuit making or breaking members into circuit breaking iso position, means under control of the tone ducts for operating the additional set of circuit making or breaking members, a set of locking elements for each first-mentioned set ot circuit making or breaking members, and means under control of the tone chiots for operating the locking elements.

10. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with the two separate scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone ducts common thereto and control ducts for the scales, respectively, of operative connections between the ducts and tone-emitting elements, said connections' includingl primary and secondary perating pneumatics, means under control ol' the control ducts tor controlling the relative pressures to which the primary operating pneumatics are subj ected` connections between the primary operating pneumatics and the secondary operating pneumatics for controlling the relative pressures to Which the latter are subjected, havino' movable members oaerated b the t3 primary operating pneumatics to make or break the connections, locking elements, and means under control ot the tone ducts for moving the locking elements into holding relation with the movable members.

ll. In a record controlled musical instrument, tone-emitting elements, tone circuits and tone ducts; a series of pneumatically operable valves under control oi said ducts, respectively, pneumatics controlled by said valves, respectively, and circuit making and breaking members Wholly controlled by said pneumatics, respectively, and included in the tone circuits.

l2. In a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality ot scales oil tone-emitting elements, tonecircuits therefor, respectively, said circuits including a. plurality ot sets of circuit making and breaking members, operating pneumatics lfor said members, means whereby the operating pneumatics Yfor one scale are normally expanded and the operatingpneumatics ior the other scale are nor-- mally deflated, means controllable by the record ior energizing the tone circuits, means controllable by the record for varying the pressures to which the operating pneumatics are subjected and means controllable by the record for making the change in relative pressures to which the operating pneumatics, are subjected ineffective with respect to those circuit making and breaking members Which are in circuits completed at the time 'the change in pressure is brought about.

13. In a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements; mechanism to cause any one or more of the tone-emitting elements ot either scale to be operated alone, or any one or more corresponding or non-ctnresponding elements ot' both scales to be operated together, said mechanism comprising connections to the scales ot' tone-emitting elements, including a set ot' relatively movable members for each scale and record-controlled means common to said sets for causing the sounding of tones through those connections Whose relatively movable members are in operative relation With each other, a recordcontrolled means `for each set of relativel movable members, tending to move the movable members ot the respective sets into or out of operative relation With the corresponding members of the connections, locking means and connections through which the locking means are operated co-incidently with the lirst-mentioned record controlled means to resist said tendency as to those movable members Which correspond to any iirstmentioned record-controlled means which is in operation at the time the second-mentioned record-controlled means comes .into operation.

14. In a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality oit scales of tone-emitting elements; mechanism to canse any one or more off the tone-emitting elements ol either scale to be operated alone, or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements oi" both scales to be operated together, said mechanism comprising electrical connections to the tone-emitting elements including primary circuit making and breaking` members common to both scales, and a set of secondary circuit making and breaking members for each scale, a record-controlled operating means for cach set ot sccondary circuit making' and breakingl members, locking means for the secondary circuit making and breaking members and connections through which the locking means are controlled by the primary circuit making and breaking members'.

ln a record controlled musical Vinstrument, a plurality olf scales of tone-emitting elements; mechanism to cause any one or more ot 'the tone-emitting elements ot either .scale to be operated alone,Y or any one or more corresj'xmding or non-correspomling elements ol both scales to be operated together, said mechanism comprising electrical connections to the tone-emitting eleme its including a set ot circuit making and breaking members for each scale, a record-controlled means :for controlling each set oit circuit makmembers it'or each set ol' circuit making and breaking` members, and record controlled means, including elements common to the two sets of circuit making and breaking members and the two sets of locking members and connections between said elements and men'xbcrs, tor controlling` the circuits which inchule 'the former and coincidently operating the corresponding locking members.

ing and breaking members, a set o locking j elements of both scales to be loperated together, said mechanism comprising connec-A tions to the scales of tone-emitting elements, including a set of relatively movable members for each scale and record-controlled means common tosaid sets for causing the sounding oi' tones through those connections Whose relatively movable members are in operative relation with each other, a recordcontrolled means for each set of relativelymovable members, tending to move the movable members of the respective sets into or out of operative relation with the corresponding members of the connections, a set.

of locking pneumatics foreach set of relatively movable members, each locking pneumatic having an element to engage the corresponding movable member of the connections to the tone-emitting elements, and connections through which the locking pneumatics arel operated coincidently with the corresponding first-mentioned record controlled means to resist the vtendency of the second mentioned record-controlled means to move those movable members which correspond to any first-mentioned record-controlled means Which is in operation at the time the second-mentioned record-controlled means comes into operation, the last named connections including a set of valves controlled by said lirs't-mentioned record-controlled means and each common to corresponding pneumatics of both sets of lock- `ing pneumatics.

17. In a record-controlled musical instrument, a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements; a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism 'to V bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone, or any one or more corresponding yor non-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism `including chambers which are normally under suction, connections between the tone ducts and the tone-emitting elements, having a series of operating pneumatics in the respective chambers and movable members carried bysaid pneumatics, connections through `which the operating pneumatics in one chamber are normally expanded and the operating pneumatics in the other chamber are normally collapsed, said connections including a record-controlled valve operable to change the pressure in the normally` eX- panded set of pneumatics toone tending to cause the same to collapse, and a secondrecord controlled valve operable to change the pressure in the normally expanded set of-pneumatics to one tending to cause the same to collapse, a set of locking pneumatics for each set ofoperating pneumatics, said locking II Jneumatics having means to engage the corresponding movable members of the operating pneumatics andronnections between the sets of locking pneumatics and tone ducts.

18. Ina record-controlled musical instru- I ment, a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements and a series of tone-ductscommon to both scales, of tone-connections between the tone-ducts and the scales of tone-emitting elements, the connections including sets of movable members respectively corresponding to the tone-emitting elements and means for moving said members into or out of operative'relation with other members of the connections, `including a set of operating pneumatics for `the movable memberscorresponding to one scale of tone-emitting elements, a set of operating pneumatics for the movable members corresponding to the other scale of movable members, means through which one set ot' pneumatics are normally subjected to an internal pressure tending t0 expand the same, means through which the other set of pneumatics are normally subjected to an internal pressure tending normally to cause the same to collapse, and record controlled means for changing said internal pressures. y

19. A mechanism substantially as set forth in claim 18 and wherein the respective sets of operating pneumatics are mounted in chambers which are under suction, the pressure of the air in one set of pneumatics being normally atmospheric and the pressure of the air inthe other set of pneumatics being normally less than atmospheric.

20. In a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality of scales of tone emitting elements, tone circuits therefor, respectively, said circuits including a plurality of sets of circuit `making and breaking members,

operating pneumatics for said members, re-

silient means to move said members, means for producing a difference bet'weenythe inside and outside of said pneumatics to collapse the same, overcome the resilient means and operate the circuit makingand breaking means.

21. In a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality of scales of tone emitting elements, tone circuits therefor, circuit making or breaking means for one of said circuits, a chest having a suction chamber', a pneumatic Within said space and connected to said circuit making or breaking mea-ns,

means comprising suction connections for inilating and defiating said pneumatic to operate the circuit making or breaking means..

22. In a record ycontrolled musical instrument, a plurality of scales of tone emitting elements, tone circuits therefor, circuit makingl or breaking means for one of said crcuits, a chest having a suction chamber, a pneumatic Within said space and connected to said circuit making or breaking means, means comprising suction connections for in- :Hating and deiiating said pneumatic to operate the circuit making or breaking means, and pneumatic locking members Within said suction chamber 'for lockingl said circuit making or breaking means.

23. Inl a mechanism of the class described, the combination with two sets of scales of tone emitting elements, a series of tone ducts commonvto said scales, control ducts for said scales, operative connections between the ducts and tone-emittingelements, including tone circuits, control mechanism, circuit making and breaking means for said tone circuits, a suction chamber, normally co1- lapsed pneumatics corresponding to one oi the scales and being Within said suction chamber and operating said making and. breaking means, normally expanded pneumatics corresponding to the other scale and. being Within the suction chamber, locking elements -for the making and breaking means and means under control of the tone ducts 'for operating the locking elements.

24e. In a record controlled musical instruinentha'ving a two scale tone emitting element, tone ducts and tone circuits Jfor said elements, common to the scales, two circuit making and breaking means in each of said tone circuits common to the tivo scales` means 'for controlling the making and breaking means, two locking means for the controlled means, and connections to operate the two locking means to hold the making and breaking means inthe position .in which they were when the tone duct was open, until the tone duct is closed.

In testimony whereof I aliiX my signature.

HEINRICH BOUKISCU.