US1430482A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

D. L. WINTERS.

CARBURETOR.

APPLicATloN mm 00115, 1919.

oz. Pafenfed sept. 26, 1922.

'2 SHEETS--SHET D.' L. WINTERS.

CARBURETOR.

| 919. 1,430,482, Patented Sept. 26, 19224 2 SHEETS- SHEET Z.

Patented Sept. 26, 1922.

DAVID L. WINTERS, F EDGEWATER, MARYLAND.

CARBURETOR.

Application led October 15, 1919. Serial No. 330,797.

To all 'whom it may concern Be it known that I, DAVID L. WINTERS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Edgewater, in the county of Anne Arundel and State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors, of which the following is a specioation. y

This invention relates'to carburetors and the method of operation wherein the fuel control valve and the throttle valve are o erated simultaneously to control the flow of) fuel and air and to maintain the relative proportions thereof and more particularly to that class of such devices adapted for'usejwith the motors of self propelled vehicles and it has lfor its primary ob'ject the provision of a carburetor so constructed -as to operate to provide such motors at all times with the minimum amount of fuel and the maximum amount of air which can be utilized to develop the required power necessary to varying conditions"A of operation.

A further object of this invention is to so construct a device of the character set forth wherein a very lean charge is normally fedtherethrough and a pro ortionately richer mixture presented wi h rela-- tion to the load, such 'proportionate increase being-continued after reaching the point where a further opening of the throttle. fails to produce the desired increase in speed; that is, when the throttle valve has been opened to a point Where its further opening will not be accompanied by an increased consumption of air in proportion to the increased consumption of fuel.

With the foregoing and other objects in view as will hereinafter appear this invention consists in the peculiar combination and arrangement of the various oo-operating elements of a carburetor asl described in the following specification and more particularly ointed out in the appended claims.

Re erence being had to the accompanying drawings illustrating an embodiment of the device, and in which the same numerals indicate the same parts wherever used,

F ig. 1 is a vertical section through a carburetor embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged section on line 3 3 of Fig 1 and Fig. 4 is an enlarged section on line 4-4 of Fig. 1. 5 designates the float chamber provided interiorly with afloat 6 surrounding a oentral c asing 7 extending upwardly to form the air intake 8, the intake 9 connecting with the motor and having flanges 10 and 11 lntegral therewith which form a seat for the Venturi tube 12.

The usual butteriiy throttle valve 13 is provided having a shaft 14 carrying an operating lever 15 'and a second lever 16 connected to a toggle member 17 in turn connected toan arm 18 carried by a collar 19 frictionally mounted upon a tube 20 in threaded engagement for a portion of its length with the interior of a second tube 21 and extending thereinto, the lower portion of the tube 20 being spacedfrom the tube 21 to leave an annular chamber 22 between the tubes.

Tube 21 is threaded into the member 7 at 23 and extends below the same to carry a cap 24 provided with a port 25 communicating with the interior of the tube 21 and a well 26 fed from the float chamber 5 by a pipe 27 suitably packed at 28 and having a nipple 29 engaging the cap 24.

A drain plug 30 extends from the well 26. l Adjacent the Venturi tube 12 the tube 21 is provided Witha plurality of diametrically disposed ports 31.

The tube 2O has a central bore throughout, open to the air at its upper end 33 and closed by a plug 34 at the lower end thereof formed as a needle valve 35 extending into the port 25 and governing the same. Above the plug 34 in the tube 20 'are a plurality of diametrically disposed ports 36 of larger diameter than the ports 31 for a purpose hereinafter described. A second collar 37 carries an operating means 38 which is adapted to give the tube 2O a slight turning movement to cause the same to move up and down in the threaded portion 39 of the tube 21.

Air intake 8 is provided with an interior block 40 which is adapted to cooperate With a butterfly valve 41 carried by a shaft 42 which projects at 43-44 on either side ofk the exterior of the intake, the projection 43 having a spring 45 fastened to the intake 8` by a screw 46, the projection 44 beino similarly provided with a stronger sprlng 47,

which engages the pin 48 only when the valve 41 is closed, thus forming a stop for thesprin 45, and permitting the valve to v open in t e opposite direction inthe event 5 of a back lire through the carburetor.

In the construction illustrated when the device is used in conjunction with a motor of thetype specified suction is set up in the intake of the motor in the-usual manner,

' 10 causing a like suction in the intake 9 and levers 16 and 18 and link 17, as in my prior` Patent 1,286,474, Dec. 3, 1918, with the collar 19 carried by the tube 20, upon opening the throttle valve the collar 19 is rotated, causing the tube 20 to ride upwardly along the screw threaded yportion 39, carrying with it the plug 34 and thus increasing the fuel' delivery capacity of the port 25. Upon the ,throttlinig of the engine or the closing of the valve 13 the reverse action is given to the levers and the needle valve 35, thus diminishing the supply-of fuel drawn from thev para 25.

Adjustment independent of the operation of the throttle valve 13 may be accomplished .by operation of the means 38 which can conveniently extend to a point near the drivers seat, so that by a-slight rotation of the col- 40 lar 37 the relation between the tubes 20 and 21 may be varied along the screw threaded portion 39, in order to correspondingly vary the control ofthe needle valve 35 of the port-25.

The air intake 8 supplies air to the carburetor while volatilizing fuel in the usual manner in the cooperation with the float chamber 5 with n the exception that the amount of air drawn through said intake depends upon the suction through said intake, due to the fact that the valve 41 is normally closed and operates to open only upon suction exerting a pull thereagainst, such opening being made possible by the construction of the flange with the block 4() which gives a valve of greater area upon one side, the closing of such valve being occasioned by the spring 45, which acts to retard the opening of the valve against suc? 6e tion, or to perform the closing operation thereof, whensuch suction is discontinued by the stopping of the motor.

It will thus be seen that the carburetor is provided with two air passages, one of which et is 4of approximately the same relative diameter as the intake connecting with the engine, and the other of which is of greatly reduced diameter. The air inlet of reduced diameter by discharging air beneath the level of the gasoline inthe chamber 22 serves to prime the motor when starting the same and to maintain while the motor is in oplectively much greater than that of the open ings 31 the volume of entering, air is therefore Acomparatively unrestricted, while the outlets 31v for the mixture of air and 'gasare restricted. Therefore no suction will take placel on the valvefopening 35. The larger air .-intake being slightly restricted by `valve 41 insures `the induction of enough air through air passage 33 to insure the use of all the fuel oil that the gravity head is cai pable of forcing through the needle valve 35.

As the area of the openings 31 is.very much less than at 36, it will be understood from the foregoing that the smaller air passage efectually prevents suction on the fuel be ow the point where the air isdischarged into the chamber 22, thus permitting the maintenance Vof a fixed pressure or gravity head regardless of load conditions. As the fuel oil under any fixed position ofthe throtv tle is supplied and measured on a relative timed basis only it will follow that any increase in load without change in position of the throttle will be accompanied by a corresponding decrease in speed, and as such .reduction of speed also reduces the suction and consumption of air without affecting the consumption of fuel, the density of the mix- `ture of fuel oil and air fed to the engine is increased in proportion to the effect of the increase in load upon the speed of the motor, any decrease in load under thev same conditions resulting in a correspondingly increased speed, and therefore the use of more air and a leaner mixture, such proportion being taken care of by the construction of the carburetor in accordance with my invention.

Considerable variation of the details as described herein may be resorted to without departure from the spirit of the inventionA which is to be construed in the light of the inlet and control valve therefor, a throttle valve, means to simultaneously actuate said valves to maintain the-relative` proportions of fuel and air, .and means comprising constantly open ports of fixed area greater than said fuel inlet to maintain-a" relatively fixed fuel flow head by means of a fixed gravity head, whereby to supply a richer. or leaner mixture in proportion to variations in the air flow head as effected by variations in the load on the engine.

2. In a carburetor, in combination, a fuel inlet and control valve therefor, a throttle valve, means to simultaneously actuate said valves to maintain the relative proportions of fuel and air, and means to maintain a relatively fixed fuel fiow head by means of a fixed gravit head comprising an air passage, constantlyA open ports of fixed area and a combined fuel and air passage opening through one of said portsinto said yair passage, said last referred toport being of greater area than said fuel inlet, whereby to supply a richer or leaner mixture in proportion-to variations in the air flow head as effected by variations in the load on theengine.

3. In a carburetor, in combination, a fuel inlet and control valve therefor, a throttle valve, means to simultaneously actuate said` valves to maintain the relative proportion of fuel and air, and means to maintain a relatively fixed fuel flow head by means of a fixed gravity head, comprising an air passage, constantly open ports of fixed area and a combined fuel air passage opening through one of said ports into said air passage, the outlet from the combined fuel and air passage being of a restricted area relative to the air inlet therefor but greater than the fuel inlet, whereby to supply a richer or leaner mixture in proportion to varia tions in the air fiow head as effected by variations in the load on the engine.

4. In a carburetor, in combination, a fuel inlet and a control valve therefor, a throttle valve, means to simultaneously actuate said,

valves to maintain the'relative proportions of fuel and air, a fuel reservoir, means to maintain fuel in said reservoir above the level of said fuel valve, an air passage, a tube extending from said fuel control valve to said passage, constantly open ports from said tube into said passage, an air tube extending within and concentric with said first named tube, constantly open ports in said air tube adjacent said fuel control valve,

lsaid last named ports being of greater area K. E. KLEIN, ERNEST O. CRooKER.

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