US1429941A

US1429941A - Submarine boat

Info

Publication number: US1429941A
Application number: US467439A
Authority: US
Inventors: Flamm Oswald
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1918-04-23
Filing date: 1921-05-06
Publication date: 1922-09-26
Anticipated expiration: 1939-09-26

Description

' 0. FLAIVIIVI.

SUBMARINE BOAT.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 6, I92I.

Patented sept. 26, 1922.

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oswALn FLAMM, or NoonAssEE, NEAR EERLIN, GERMANY. i

sum/[Armin BOAT.

Application le. May 6,

two respects: on the one hand the diameter of the pressure body grows so that the water, in which the submarine is still able to travel and to immerse, must be rather deep: further with the increasing diameter of the circle of the pressure body at a given depth of immersion the thickness of the wall of the pressure body and the strength of the ribs and other stiffenings built inthe body increase, and lastly it is very desirable l.

in regard to the stability under water to arrange the Vcentre of displacement of the pressure lbody as high as possible in the ship. The attempts to reduce the draught have frequently been made by the provision of ani elliptical cross section ofthe pressure receiving body with the maj praxis inthe horizontal plane. But as is'known this has the disadvantage of considerably enlarging the constructional parts of the pressure body,

moreover nothing is gained with regard to the position of height ofthe centre of dis-` placement of the pressure body, `which remains at half the height of the vertical axis of the ellipse.

It has previously been proposed to construct the hull of a submarine or other boat with a series of cylindrical or partly cylindrical closed compartments which are filled with air or gas at a pressure greater thanv atmospheric pressure to assist in resisting the external pressure on the hull. Two or more of such compartments may be arranged symmetrically side by side or four of such compartments formed of tubes each of which is a little more than a half tube that is slightly more than a semicircle, may be arranged symmetrically in superimposed parts on each side of the keel, the edges of the tubes at the ends of the chords of the arcs being connected by horizontal and vertical ties, in the form of a cross, the compartments being thus arranged around a rectangle formed by the chords of said arcs. IIhese compartments are intended to be used as cargo holds.

1921. l Serial No. 467,439.

The object of my invention is to provide a construction of theA hull of a submarine which will be of a greater strength for a given weight and displacement thank the singie circular or elliptical shell and yby the utilization of a small radius of curvature of the pressure body for the scantlings, to obtain the advantage ofy stability and shallow draught for submarines of any desired dimensions. According to the present invention this'is attained by forming the pressure body of single circular arches or the like, set oneupon each ofthe sides of a triangle or a polygon in section which may. form the corresponding girders.

In forming'thecross section of the presn surefbody in such a way it is possible, according to the number, distribution, and the extent ofthe radiusof'fthe arches of the cross section, to influence according to choice the position of-height ofthe centrey of displacement and'gravity for the stability, to reduce the draught, and to decrease the strength ofthe constructional parts.

lnorder to render my ,invention more easily understandable reference is hadto the accompanying drawings, in which F l il` lustrates a cross section ofxa two shell submarine yboat according to this invention yand Fig. 2 a cross section of a modification.

In sucha 'construction eachpart of the pressure body consists in its cross section of a circlevwith small radius of curvature dea scribed over the side of the triangle or polygon. `ln this casey the sides of the polygon, formed as a triangle,ymay be chosenl at 'will according to the dimensions and the other conditions to kbe fulfil-led by the boat. Accordingly an `iscsceles triangle with a narrow base line andwith the apex uppermost may be chosen and semicircles or the like forthe parts of the pressure body described' over and above the sides, or a broad base line may beselected and the semicirclesL or the like described over the sides. lnthis case the centres of the circles lie on the sides of the triangle. But. it is also possible for iniiuenc-` that the side of the triangle or polygon, re-

spectively also forms a chord, but in the outer semi'circle, and finally both arrangements may be combined in one and the same boat as, for instance, is shown inthe igures.

If the cross section is formed of more, than three arcs the construction is based upon a four, live, or more cornered polygon.

`The centres of the arcs may be disposed on the sides of the polygon, outside or inside the polygon.

Referring to Fig. 1 the cross section of the pressure body `is composed of three circles, 1, 2 and 3, which are symmetrically displayed on either side ot the vertical axis a-b of the submarine.

The construction of the circles is based upon a geometrical triangle, 1i, 5 and 6, with its apex 7 uppermost and its corners, '8, 9, on the bottom. The centre of the lower circle 1 is located at 10 within the triangle, and the centres ot the upper circles, 2 and 3, are located at 11 and 12 respectively outside of the triangle.

By such a shape it would be possible, for example, at a given volume of the pressure body to raise the centre of displacement, to lower the centre of gravity owing to the greater scantlings ot the lower circle, and thus to improve the stability of the submariney body and at the same time diminish the draught. In spite of this the thicknessof the walls required for the shell plating of such a pressure receiving body would be smaller than that required for a pressure body of a simple circular form. Then armouring the over-water parts voi. the submarine boats, andy employing heavy guns positioned on deck, the higher position of the centre of displacement of the pressure receiving body is most important. At the same time the lowering of the centre of gravity of the pressure receiving body shell by the light construction of thel upper part (small radius of curvature) and thes'omewhat greater width of the wall of the under part may be simultaneously obtained it for the purpose of diminishing the draught the centre of the circle forming the `under side is placed within the triangle'or the polygon (greater radius of curvature).

Fig. 1 represents a cross section of a double shell submarine boat, the pressure body ot' which is surrounded by a second shell 13 connected up with the pressure receiving body by means of stil'l'eners, 141, 15, in the decl: oi the boat. rIhe shell 13 is not necessary at all and may be omitted if, for instance, single shell boats are to be built. The shell 13 forms no part of the invention. On the junction points ot the arcs channels are formed.

In order that the water in the upper channel between the circular arches may rapidly escape when the boat rises over and above the water level it is advisable to provide properly arranged draining pipes, which may lbe tted with controlling valves.

According to the modification shown in Fig. Qthe junctions of the arc members are connected up by stiiiteners, 16, 17, 18, which, as may easily be seen, follow the lines of the supposed triangle forming the basis of construction for the arcs of the pressure receiving body.

These girders advantageously support the construction of the pressure receiving body as they form stiienings between the junction points of the arcs. T he girders 17 and 18 may be advantageously embodied as draining pipes by being made hollow.

I claim as my invention 1. In a submarine boat the arrangement of the shell plating which iiorms the pressure body of the submarine and consists ot a number of singlecircular arcs disposedl one over each of the sides of a triangle, the provision of a girder construction, the girders following the sides' of the triangle and torming draining appliances'iior leading olif the water collected in the upper channel of the rising submarine boat, substantially as described.

2. In a submarine boat the arrangement of the shell plating which forms the pres-- sure body of the submarine'comprising a number of single circulararcs disposed one over each side of a triangle, substantially as described.

8. A submarine boat comprising pressure chamber having a cross section made up of a plurality of circular arcs the chords oft which form the sides of a triangle.

In testimony whereof I atlixed my signa ture in the presence or' two witnesses. USW/TALI) FLAMM. Witnesses:

VIFU M. LUI-HN, D. RICHARD GUIN'rnn.