US1413122A

US1413122A - Hot-air furnace

Info

Publication number: US1413122A
Application number: US437573A
Authority: US
Inventors: Samuel P Kay
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1921-01-15
Filing date: 1921-01-15
Publication date: 1922-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 1939-04-18

Description

S. P. KAY.

HOT AIR FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 15. 1921.

Patent ed Apr. 18, 1922.

INVENTOR :1

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SAMUEL P. KAY, OF ROCHESTER, NEW'YORK.

HOT-AIR FURNACE.

Application filed January 15, 1921.

To all whom it may concern Be itknown that I, SAMUEL P. KAY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hot-Air Furnaces, of which the following is aspecification.

The object of this invention is to provide a new and improved form of hot air furnace which is especially adapted to burn hydrocarbon in either liquid or gaseous form.

These and other objects of this invention will be fully illustrated in the drawing, described in the specification and pointed out in the claims at the end thereof.

In the accompanying drawing:

The figure shows a diagrammatic perspective view of the furnace and the system for controlling the regulation of the hydrocarbon into the ignition chamber in conjunction with the opening and closing of the smoke pipe damper.

In the drawing, like reference numerals The furnace illustrated in the accompanyi-ng drawing is provided with a blower 1, which is adapted to force a mixture of kerosene oil and air through the duct 2 into the ignition chamber 3. This apparatus, however, forms no part of my invention an -in its place any other system, of forced feed for a hydrocarbon fuel in either liquid, gaseoils or powdered form may be substituted.

The duct. 2, carrying the fuel from the blower 1, leads into the chamber 4, in which the ignition chamber 3' is mounted. The ignition chamber is located in the chamber at a point which allows the flames from the ignition chamber to enter the. opening in the bottom of the fire box from the side of the fire. box 5 down on the outside thereof and into the chamber 4, below the fire box, is the by-pass duct 6. This duct has a-door 7 provided on the outside wall at a point opposite to the section of the duct leading out from the fire box.

Through this door the ignition chamber canv be reached from the outside of fithe furnace re. The top of the fire box leads into the customary heating duct 8 through which the hot gases travel in a circular path around the inside of the shell of the furnace'to give off the heat generated by the fire in the fire box. After passing through the duct 8, the

gases enter the smoke pipe 9. This pipe is (1 switch opens the circuit w Serial No. 437,573

made up of several bent sections, the first of which leads upwardly for a short distance of about twelve inches above the exit of the duct 8. The next section leads horizontally to one sideof the exit of the duct 8, then down in a long vertical path to a point on a level with or below the level at which the ignition chamber 3 is mounted on the inside of the chamber 4:. From this point, the pipe leads in a short, horizontal path to one side of the vertical section of the pipe and then into the chimney 10 at this same level. In this way, a long path, made up of several sections of piping, which include five bends that lead at right angles to each other, must be traversed by the burnt gases after leaving the duct 8 and before entering the chimney.

Mounted in the smoke pipe 9 is a damper. 11 which is operated automatically as will hereinafter be described. The blower 1 is driven by an electric motor 12. The electric current for operating the motor is controlled by the thermostatic switch 13. This switch is placed at a predetermined point in the house that is to be heated by the furnace and operates to close the electric circuit leading to the motor when the temperature inthe house falls below a certain 'oint. This same en the tempera, ture rises above a predetermined point after the fire in the furnace has been going for a length of time and heated the house to the temperature indicated by the thermostat. Such a thermostatic control is not new in the art of controlling the fire in a furnace so that only a diagrammatic view of the switch and the circuit is shown in the drawshunted around the circuit that controls the motor 12 is a circuit 14 which operates the solenoid 15. This solenoid in turn operates the rack 16, which meshes with the pinion 17 carried on the pivot pin of the damper 11. Thus, when the motorcircuit is opened and closed, the solenoid circuit is also opened and closed and the damper 11 is movedto open the smoke pipe 9 when the motor 12 is started and then closes it partially to prevent the escape of heat generated in the furnace while the 'fire in the furnace is going. On the closing the motor circuit, by the thermostatic control, the solenoid is de-energized and allows the rack 16 to drop and move the damper into the closed position. The heat absorbed by the furnace Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr, .18, 1922,

5 nace is supplied by means of a forced feed.

A large quantity of air is thus forced into the fire box to furnish the necessary oxygen for the combustion .of the hydrocarbon fuel. When the fire is started, the fuel is forced .10 by the blower into the ignition chamber.

The air supplied to the blower for this purpose is taken from the vicinity of the furnace wherever the blower or its intake may be located. This air is naturally at a low temperature and, therefore, when mixed with the fuel proper prevents a complete combustion of the fuel. This results-in the eneration of smoke which is accompanied y an odor, that is objectionable in a dwelling house as there is usually no means provided in such a house that will carry off the smoke and the odor.

For this reason, the smoke pi e 9, leading from the furnace to the c imney, is

made to create a resistance to the passage of burning gases from the fire box in order to force the unburned gases, due to the incomplete combustion thereof, into the duct Gleading from the side of the fire box. This 3 duct leads the unburned gases down into the chamber 4 and back into the opening in the 1 bottom of the fire box where they are again ignited and this time with a complete com- .bustion thereof. The gases taken from the 85 fire box, are naturally heated to a high temperature and when brought in contact with the burning fuel. in the ignition chamber, assist in burning the fuel without gencrating smoke, due to a complete combus- 40 tion of the fuel.

The resistance offered to the burned gases leaving the fire box at the top thereof, is due to the length and change in direction of the path of the smoke pipe as well as the entrance point of the smoke pipe intothe chimney. This point of entrance is at a level with or even below the entrance of the fuel into the fire box so that the atmospheric pressure of the air in the chimney at the entrance of the smoke pipe is equal ,to the atmospheric pressure of the air sur-' rounding-the furnace. No natural draft is, therefore, present in the fire box which would have a tendency to carry the burned 56 gases without resistance from the fire box into the chimney. The point of entrance of the smoke pipe into the chimney and the curved path of the smoke pipe itself offer sufficient resistance to the burned or un- GO burned gases in the fire box to make them enter into the duct 6 rather than pass off through the smoke pipe 9. In this manner,

the unburned gases are not only completely burned on their re-entrance into the fire box in doing so, made to give off more of their heat that would otherwise go to waste by entering the chimney too quickly after be ing burned in the fire box.

I claim:

1. In a hot air furnace, the combination of a' combustion chamber, a liquid fuel burner at the bottom of said combustion chamber, said combustion chamber having an opening in the side thereof, a duct leading from the opening in the side of said combustion chamber and leading to said fuel burner, a heating or radiating duct leading out of the top of said combustion chamber and a smoke pipe leading from said heating duct down on the outside of said furnace to a point below or in line with the fuel burner on the inside thereof.

2. In a hot air furnace, the combination of a combustion chamber having an opening in the bottom thereof,-a fuel feeding system leadin into the opening insaid combustion cham er, a radiating duct leading out of the top of said combustion chamber, a jacket surrounding both said combustion chamber and said radiating duct, and a smoke pipe leading from said radiating duct down on the outside of said jacket and into the chimney.

3. In a hot air furnace, the combination of a combustion'chamber having an opening in the bottom thereof, a fuel feeding system leading into the opening in said combustion chamber, a radiating duct leading out of the top of said combustion chamber, a jacket. surrounding both said 'combustion chamber and said radiating duct,

a smoke pipe leading from said radiating duct down on the outside of said jacket and into the chimney, and a by-pass leading from the side of said combustion chamber to the bottom of said combustion chamber on the outside thereof. 1

4. In a hot air furnace, the combination ofa combustion chamber, a fuel feeding system adapted to feed fuel into the bottomof said combustion chamber, a radiating duct leadingout of the top of said combustion chamber, a jacket surrounding both said radiating duct and said combustion chamber, and a smoke pipe leadin tending first upwardly; then sidewardly, then downwardly again and then outwardly into the chimney.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

SAMUEL P. KAY.

from. said radiatlng duct, said smoke pipe ex-