US1410953A - Twin wall brick - Google Patents

Description

T. W. PEIRCE, F. T. OWENS, AND E. M. TAYLOR.

TWIN WALL BRICK.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 12.1917.

Patented Mar. 28, 1922.

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T. W. PEIRCE, F. T. OWENS, AND E. M. TAYLOR.

TWIN WALL BRICK.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 12.1917.

1,410,953 Patented Mar. 28, 1922.

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T. W. PEIRCE, F. T. OWENS, AND E. M. TAYLOR.

TWIN WALL BRICK.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 12.1917.

Patented Mar. 28, 1922.

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THOMAS W-jEHtCE, F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, FRANCIS '1- ownns, or answer,

PENNSYLVANIA; AND EDWARD M. TAYLOR, ON NEW YORK, N. Y.

, TWIN WALL BRICK.

' Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 28, 1922.

Application filed $1113.12, 1917. Serial No. 180,097.

To afi whom it may concern:

Be it knownthat we, THOMAS W. PEIROE, of Boston, county of Sufi'olk, and State of Massachusetts, FRANCIS T. OWENS, of Ridgway, in the county of Elk and State of Penns lvania, and EDWARD M. TAYLOR, of New ork, in the county of New York-and State of New York, citizens of the United'States,

have invented an Improvement in Twin Wall Bricks, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

Our present invention is an improved hollow wall construction and a brickor block therefor, of the type having a plurality of open channels. In the recent development of the channel type of building brick, several difiiculties in the process of manufacture, and in the construction of certain grades and types of buildings, have been experienced, and our present improved type of channel brick obviates these difiiculties, and enables a more economical channel brick to 2 be manufactured, and a strong, light and in expensive wall to be constructed. Our improved type of brick is of the twin type. comprising a pair of wall sections or wall members connected by an integral web, and 3 presenting a plurality of channels, the brick being adapted to be laid. horizontally within the wall, and certain of the channels to be filled with mortar, leaving an internal open air space interrupting the mortar joints and 3 giving a moisture-proof hollow wall structure.

An important object of the invention is to provide a channel brick which will be extremely light in weight; which-will be eco- 40 nomical in the mortar used; whlch is reversible in use, which may be made as a single brick, and not as a double or duplex block to be subsequently split, and therefore saving the splitting operation; which can be '45 economically manufactured by interlocking in the drier and kiln, thus greatly increasing the capacity of both drier and kiln, and which will interlock with common brick, or other channel brick ofwstandard brick size, in wall construction. We accomplish these features by forming a twin wall brick, in the usual type of brick die machine, having the Wall sections spaced from each other with the central channel for an air "space of slightly greater width than the width of the wa l "SBCtlOIlS, so that the latter may interlock with the central channel when the brick are in a drier or kiln, the channel brick bemg preferably stood on end in vertical positlon. We a so secure a substantial saving in mortar and a considerable saving in weight, by forming the wall sections with comparatively shallow channels, and prefer ably with an air space or spaces in each wall section. As shown in the modified form of the invention, the air space in the wall section may be so formed as to give a reenforcing or bracing web directly under the mortar receiving channels, thus providing increased load-carrying capacity for the wall sections, and giving a load-carrying strength substantially equal to a solid wall section.

Further features and advantages will be hereinafter more fully pointed out and claimed.

Referring to the drawings,

Fig. l is a perspective view of a preferred form of our. twin wall channel brick;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a wall constructed therefrom; and

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a portion of such wa Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing a modified form of our twin Wall brick having a strengthening web or bracing portion in the wall sections for greater load-carrying capacity;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a wall. constructed with the type of brick shown in Fig. 4; and

Fig. 6 is a plan view ofthe wall of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a still further modified form of twin wall brick;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a portion of a wa 1 built with this type of brick; and

Fig. 9 is a plan view of such wall.

Referring to the form illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, our twin wall brick comprises two wall sections 1 and 2, united by a web or body portion 3, which web is preferably midway in height relatively with the vertical wall sections 1 and 2. This arrangement gives reversibility to the brick, and while we may, if desired, position the connecting web 3 at a point other than the central position, yet it is preferred to have the same substantially central, as shown in Fig. 1. Each wall section has an exposed or outer face ance of the wall structure is shown in preferably of a size equal to that of standard rick, so as to give the appearance of a solid or common brick wall. is ex sed face of brick size is indicated at 4, an the appearthe bricks in adjacent courses being staggered, as is usual. The wall sections 1 and 2 are preferably identical, and are formed of sufficient width for the load-carrying to which the wall is to be subjected. A'suita'ble proportion between the wall sections 1 and 2 and the central connecting web 3 we find to be having the wall sections of two and one half inches in width with the connecting web, 3 of approximately three inches in width for a standard eight inch wall. With this proportion, when our improved form of channel brick is stacked for drying or burning, a wall section ofadjacent brick may be interlocked within the central channel as the bricks are hacked verticall or on end, thus increasing the capacity o the drier or kiln to a very substantial extent. This close hacking, also, insures more even burning, and we find is economical in the use of fuel, giving a substantially solid exterior structure, while permitting the heat to circulate through the air spaces within the brick, sufficient space being left in the channels to effectually and uniformly vitrify the clay. We prefer to form the wall sections with mortar receiving channels at top and bottom, as indicated at 5, 5, and 6, 6, respectively, these channels or grooves leaving rib-like members at either side of the upper channels 5 as indicated at 7, 7, and similarly at either side of the lower channel 6 as indicated at 8, 8. To provide lightness in these wall sections we also form the same with a central air space 9 in each section, which may be square, round, or otherwise, and of suflicient area to give a substantial saving in weight, while permitting the shell or clay portion of the brick to be of suitable "thickness for strength. The central channels '10 and 11 at either side of the connecting web 3 register in the completed wall struc ture, giving a substantial large central channel and air space 12, as clearly shown in Fig.

2, providin an efficient air insulation against extremes of. temperature, and also interrupting the horizontal and vertical mortar joints 13 and 14. The motor mass is filled in the channels 5 and spread over the edges of the riblikeor bearing surfaces 7 of a lower course of channel brick, and then the application of the next superimposed brick forces the mortar mass into the lower recess 6, 6, of said upper brick, thus fillin both adjacent recesses, as shown at 15, 1g. 2, giving a mortar interlock and a firm solid bearing in each wall section. The vertical mortar joints 14 are also interrupted by the central channels, thus providing intercommunicating air spaces 16 between the ends of adjacent brick into the central air spaces 12, as will be readily -appreciated on inspection of the draw- T: will thus be-seen that our improved channel type of twin wall brick is light, stron obtains the advantages of a moistureproo hollow wall construction, and is very economical of mortar in the wall sections. Furthermore, this type of channel brick may be manufactured as a single brick, economically stacked for d ing, kiln burning, and for transportation. urthermore, it presents no uneven lugs or ribs which may be damaged in the process of manufacture or in transportation, and it can be packed vertically or horizontally, the bearlng surfaces 7, 7, of the wall sections ermittmg piling like common brick, and all the advantages of interlocking with common brick at any -point in a ier, window, corner or the like,

are obtaine by our present invention.

In the modification shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, the twin wall sections 20 and 21 are united by a central web or body portion 22 and the mortar grooves 23, 23, in the upper side, and 24, 24, in the lower, are formed, defining riblike portions 25, 25, and 27, 27 respectively,

in a similar manner to that of the form in.

Fig. 1. In this type of our invention, however, we so form the wall sections as to give a reenforcing or bracing web member-28, directly in alinement with the mortar grooves 23 and 24, giving a pair of air spaces 29, 29 at either side of this strengthening web 28. The advantage of this construction will be readily appreciated, as the strengthening ,web 28, being in alinement with the mortar mass 30 in the completed wall, gives a substantially solid, load-carrying wall structure in each wall section, while obtaining the very important advantage of saving mortar. While a slightly greater weight results in this form of our twin wall brick, still we secure greatly increased load-carrying and also a very substantial saving in weight in the wall sections in addition to the very great and important weight savin features of the central channels at either si e the connecting web 22. i Y

In Figs. 7, 8 and 9, a ver similar construction to that shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 is illustrated,"wherein the Wall sections 31 and Y32, and connecting web 33 are substantially similar, while the wall sections are nearly solid, giving .a very strong central strut or brace 34 directly in alinement with the mortar receiving grooves 35 and 36 of each wall section, the relativel small air spaces 37, 37 through the wal sections leaving the latter with nearly as strong a mass of clay material as if the wall sections were solid. The rounded form of the spaces 37 still further adds to the strength of the wall sections for load carrying in this block. We also illustrate, in this particular form, a

" sulting wall structure, the mortar mass 40 will be compressed and forced into the corners 38 and 39 in both upper and lower blocks, firmly interlocking the same, as shown in Fig. 8.

Our invention is further described and defined in the form of claims as follows:

1. A channel brick of the kind described, comprising two wall sections. united by a central Web substantially midway of their height and forming a reversible channel brick, each wall portion having a pair of ribs to retain the mortar course on the top and bottom surfaces and being formed with an outside face of approximately standard brick area and appearance, having a plurality of cored air spaces for lightness and moistureproofness, and a vertical supporting portion between the mortar courses in each wall portion, the solid portions of the brick being of substantially uniform thickness in cross section.

2. A reversible channel brick of the kind described, of a width to extend from face to face of a wall, comprisingtwo wall portions separated by a central air space of greater Width than the Width of either wall section, said Wall portions being united substantially midway of their height by a central web, each Wall portion being cored for lightness and having a pair of projecting mortar retaining ribs upon the top and bottom surface, the outerribs being flush with the outer face of the brick, and constituting an exposed surface substantiallyequal to a standard brick in size, and adapted to inter lock therewith, the solid portions of'the brick being of substantially uniform thickness in cross-section.

3. A reversible channel brick of the kind described, of a width to extend from face to face of a wall, comprising two wall portions each cored longitudinally and united intermediate their height by a central web defining, with the inner faces of the wall portions, a plurality of centrally located air channels.

4. A reversible channel brick of the kind described, of a width to extend from face to face of a wall, comprising two wall ortions each cored longitudinally and united intermediate their height, by a central web defining, with the inner faces of the wall portions, a plurality of centrally located air channels substantially equal 1n cross-sectional area and of greater width than the width of either of the wall sections.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification.

THOMAS W. PEIRCE. FRANCIS T. OWENS. EDWARD M. TAYLOR.

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