US1409345A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

F. E. KEY.

BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 12; 1919.

Patented Mar. 14, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

iii.

Fy. I

F. E. KEY.

BOILER, APPLICA ION FILED APR- I2, 1919.

Patented Mar. 14,1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Mar. 14, 1922.

3 SH EETSSHEET 3- INVENTOR.

EEK

UNITED- sTArEs, PATENT FREDERICK E. KEY, on ST. Louis, MISSOURI BOILER.

To allwhomz'tmay concern;

Be it known that-I, Fnnnnmcn E. .KEY, a citizen of the United States of America, a resident of the city of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers, of

which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying, drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in boilers, and allof the. features of the invention herein disclosed may be used in watertube boilers,.i. e boilers provided with tubes v for' the circulation of water or other'liquid'. One of the objects of the invention is to provide an improved meansfor separating the water from the rising steam bubbles, permitting the relatively-cool water to return freely to: a lower level. tion, water tube boilers have been provided with upwardly inclined tubes for the rising streams of hot water and: steam and :all of the; rising water is usually carried with the steam to the upper portion ofthe boiler;

where, the steam passesfrom the surface of the coolerwater whilethe latter is permittedto return from the' top. to the bottom of the boiler. I I.

In the preferred form ofmy invention, all ofthe steam-bubbles andsome of the hot water are permitted to-rise to the upper por tion of-theboilen'but-a verylarge proportion of the water ispermitted topass from the steam and return freely at various eleva tions without risingto the upper portion of the boiler. More specifically stated, the boiler I' have shown to illustrate: the invention isiprovided with headers-which are con;

nected together by'inclined tubes wherein streams-of water and steam are conducted upwardly and. discharged into one of the headers. From the-last mentioned header, all of the steam rises to the top of the boiler, but water has an opportunity to-return freely from the last mentioned header without rising to the top with the steam. To accomplisht-h-is, the headers are also. connected to-.

Prior-to this inven 1919. Serial No. 289 7 54;

Specification of Letters I atent. I pa nte M -fi Application filed A mia I I middle groupfof tubeswhereinthe stearnand.

hot water rises from one header totheother. All of'thes'e tubes are inclinediso that the streams of hotwater and steam will; rise in the middle group of tubes while the streams of relativel cool waterwwi-ll flow downs wardly in the side groups 'of return tubes. 7

The streams ofhot water, and steamthere? fore flow upwardly at the hot middle portion ofathe. boiler while the relatively; cool water flows downwardly in the inclined 1 return. tubes atv opposite si des of -thelboiler;

The relatively coolwateristhus'cond-ucted from the steam in one of tl1e..l1eaders,.and;

PQIHllttfll to return in: streams at various I elevations, instead ofbeing forced to the top.

with the steam. Another. obj ect; of the m7 vention is to draft. boiler.

struction, combination. and arrangement. of

merit OfthQiHVQIl-hlQDJY however, it. istdbe With. the foregoing and other obj view, the invention comprises the IIOY'BL'COIl-r provide an improved downparts hereinafter'molie specifically described and. illustrated.v in the.accompanyinggdrawings where-iniis shown theprefer-red embQdiiQ understood, that :thefinventioln comprehends 7 Changes,. variationsand'modifications which come within the scopejofithe claim: here? -Figazl isa front elevates, p. a.rtl yrii isecunto-appended; v a

tion, illustrating a downdraft.boi-ler con; structed in accordance with theinvention;

v Figis a: side elevation withfagportion of the side wall broken away to. showgthe return tubes.

- Fig. III is a vertical.sectiolimtahen tap proximately: through the centeroftheboiler. The furnace herein shown comprises a suitable. foundation 1 whichsupports: Side walls:2.;and a reanwall 3...,The front wall .is formedby two pairs; of d'ouble doors I), each pair .consisting ofga .door 4;..supported by hinges 5 and "a .door :6 connected by means; of hinges 7 'to the door- 4. -,,T he

ceive-agdoor frame 8 and afsteanrpiper 9.

1 oo free edge of each door 6 ischt awayto re- V Thetopfjwall li is; tormedfwith horizontal The: boilerncomprises i a rear. header 1% and.;numerous tubes-Icon necting said-headersd The; rear header; 14

is preferably lower than the front header,

and the tubes are preferably inclined upiwardly from the rear to the front header. At the middle of the boiler, I have shown a middle group of steam and water conducting;

tubes 15 arranged to form two inclined rows of. tubes (Fig. I) converging toward their: lower ends, so as to provide an upper grate approximately V-shaped in cross section. In

a grate of this kind it is desirable to separate the tubes asfar as possible to provide free tween the tubes. The middle group of tubes may also include a horizontal row of tubes 15 (Fig. I) .above'the grate and vertical rows 15 at the sides of'the grate.

Intermediate groups'of water tubes 16 are located on opposite sides of the middle group of tubes, and vertical partition walls or deflectors 17 are interposed between the middlegroup and theintermediate groups.

' A cover plate 18 is secured on thedeflectors 17 and'arranged over "the V-sha'ped grate to form" the; top wall of the fuel chamber. Groupsof return tubes19 :(Figs. I and II) are-disposed on opposite sides ofthe' inter- .medrate groups 16, and partitions-20 are located between-the tubes 19 and 16. As will be hereinafter described, the partitions 20shield the return tubes 19 from the heat ing medium at the'tubes 16, and to avoid undue'loss of heat, insulating walls 21 are interposed between the partitions 20 and the side 'walls '2.

Toprovide for the delivery of fuel to the V-shaped grate formed by tubes 16,

- the front header 13 has an opening 21 '(Fig.

III) normallyclosed by adoor 22 (Figs. I and III) on the door frame 8, and this door has a draft inlet23 for the admission of air to the bed of fueljflA lower grate 24 is located directlybelow the grate formed by tubes 16. An ash pit 25 is formed below the lower fgrate 2t. door 25 (Figs. I and III) atthe front of ,the ash pit is provided withinlet opfenings'26 for the admissionof air below the grate 7 24. .27 designates a door arranged in'front, of grate 24,and having a draft. inlet' 2 8.

When the boiler is' in service, fresh s fed to the upper grate and as it becomes partially consumed some of this solid fuel drops onto the lower. grate 24: wherethe combustion is completed. The draft is downward through the upper grate and upward through the lower, as indicated by arrows in Fig.1. Thecombustible gases passing downwardly through the fuel on the upper grate are permitted toescape freely between the widely separated tubes 15, and they are burned in the space below where they meet the hot air and products of combustion rising from the lower grate. hot gasespassing from the upper grate are deflected downwardly and under the vertical deflectors 17, and thence upwardly across the tubes 16.

The middle and intermediate groups of tubes 15 and 16 are exposed directly to the heating medium so as create a circulation whereby steam and hot water are discharged from the upper ends of these hot tubes and into the front header 13. Rising streams of steam and hot water arethus-discharged into the header 13 with'the result of raising The flame and 14: All of the tubes herein shown maybe inclined upwardly from the rear to-the 'front header, and they may be'parallel with each other as shown by Figs '11 andIII. Each tube is in free communication with both headers, and plugs 33fare secured in the headers at points opposite the ends of the tubes. 34' designates adrain pipe'leading' from thelower end of header 14'.

The top wall or cover '18, arranged over the V-shaped grate, is provided with a vent opening which is normally closed by a slid ing door to which an operating rod136 is secured. The headers are reinforced by hollow staybolts 37, and the rod 36 passes through one of these staybolts.

To enable the fireman to most" effectively stir the bed of-fuel on the V-shaped; grate, a poker-receiving opening 38 is formed in the door frame S'andhea'der 13 at'a point opposite the narrow lowerend of the V, and this opening is normally closed by a door-39.

The steam bubbles'rising with the water pass intosthe frontheader 13 aspreviously pointed out, and all ofthesteam passes through pipes 29, near the top of the boiler,

to the header 14 and then back through the superheating tubes 32*to the steam chamber 31 above the par'tition-30; Itfwillbe noted that the partition; 30' prevents i'the steam from passing'directly to the steam chamber 31, and that all 'of the steam must pass through the superheating tubes 32 before reaching'the chamber 31.

dicated by arrows in Fig. III, and relatively cool water alone flow-s downwardlyin return tubes 19, as indicated in Fig. II. To insure v the desired circulation in these return tubes,"

they are shielded by means of the partitions 20 which separate them from the heating medium at the tubes 16. The return tubes 19 are relatively cool so'as to cause the water therein. to flow downwardly to the header 14;, thereby creating a rapid circulation at pposite sides of the boiler. I preferably employ a number of the cool return tubes 19 and arrange them at various elevations, so that the relatively cool water in header 13 can escape freely from the steam at different elevations and return through the various tubes 19, instead of rising to the top of the boiler with the hot steam. Owing to the peculiar manner in which the water is circulated, the steam can rise quickly to the surface without forcing a large body of water to the top of the boiler, and most of the water flowing'intothe manifold 13 is quickly returned through the tubes '19 to V the lower manifold 1-4, from which it again rises through the. hot tubes 15 and 16... The many advantages of this rapid circulation and the quick separation of relatively-cool water from the rising steam bubbles will be readily understood by those skilledin this art. v

' I claim: I

In a down draft furnace, front and rear headers one of which is provided with an opening for the admission of fuel, a middle group of steam and water receiving tubes connecting said headers to form a grate for the fuel, intermediate groups of steam and water receiving tubes connecting said headers and disposed on opposite sides of said middle group, groups of return tubes'connecting said headers and disposed on opposite sidesof said intermediate groups ofsteam and water receiving tubes, partition members arranged between said return tubes and the intermediate groups of tubes so as to shieldthe return tubes from the heating medium at the intermediate-groups, all of said tubes being inclined upwardly from one header to the other and the ends of said tubes being in direct. communication with the headers, said middle and intermediate groups ing medium so as to discharge rising streams at their lower ends, the tubes in each group of tubes being exposed directly to the heatv i being approximately parallel with the tubes in the other groups, a partition arranged in the header to which the relatively high ends i of the inclined tubes are secured so as to form a steam chamber above sa d ends, and

a groupof superheating tubes located above said intermediate groups and connecting, said steam chamber, to the upper portion of the header at the: lower end's'of the tub'es;

In 7 testimony I hereunto affix my signature.

FREDERICK E1 that I claim the foregoing

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