US1395902A - Washing, cleansing, and lubricating medium - Google Patents

Description

MAX BUCHNER, 0F HEIDELIBERG, GEB IDIANY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE CHEMICAL FOUNDATION, INC., A CORPORATION OF DELAWAREQ WASHING, CLEANSING, AND LUBRICATING MEDIUML.

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To all whom it concern:

Be it known that I, Dr. MAX BUCHNER,

.chemist, a subject of the German Empire,

to which it appertains tomake and .use the same.

The present invention relates to the use of inorganic colloids of a jelly-like consistence highly saturated with water as a cleansing, Washing and lubricating means, both alone and mixed with other substances suited for the respective purpose.

For ages soap has been used for cleansing the skin, the clothes and many other things. Soaps are, as is generally known, alkali salts of the higher fatty acids. Their cleansing eflect is supposed to be the result of the fact that, under the influence of water they will split up hydrolytically into alkali and acid, the alkali havi a dirt-removing effect in which action it 1s assisted by the soap sud. Although soap has a number of disadvantages, it hasheretofore not been po'ssible to find a suitable substitute for it.

The applicant has now found that inorganic colloidal substances of jelly-like consistence may serve as cleansing and washing means, and as a perfect substitute for soap, in fact, even, offer certain advantages over the latter. Themost advantageous formin which they are used is a slimy or jellylike form containing much water. Such colloids are the jellylike hydroxids, and in particular hydroxid of aluminium. In addition there may be. mentioned the hydroxid of magnesium, the hydrate'of silicon and the hydroxids-of the heavy metals. They will re move dirtfrom the skin as well as from clothes and other articles of use, from wo d,

1 metal, leather, furs, hair readily and quick y. It is only necessary. to apply the jellylike.

hydroxid, for example hydroxid of alumm'i- -um, to thearticle to be cleansed and to rub 65 fore have an intense cleansing effect. After Specification of letters Patent. Application filed July 29,

Patented Nov. it, 1921.

1916. Serial No. 112,146.

having been rinsed with water the material or article treated in such a manner will appear bright and clean. Above all the human skin is cleansed by means of hydroxid of aluminium thoroughly in the manner described, without any injury thereto and even causing an agreeable sensation of warmth and smoothness. The skin is, thus, not in any way affected as it is when alkalinous or alkaliniferous soaps are used.

As hereinbefore stated hair may also be cleansed and softened by means of inorganic colloids of a jelly-likeconsistence. In consequence thereof these colloids, and in particular hydroxid of aluminium, may also be usedasshaving pastes in place of shaving soap. F

The colloids, particularly hydroxid of aluminium, have the advantage of being chemically inert, so that they have no destructive effect on organic substances such as the skin, cellulose, hair and the like. They may be used either alone, or with an admixture of other substances and compounds, either scents or certain chemical agents, such as oils, fats, alkalis and the like. The fat-like hydroxid of aluminium is a very permanent compound and will not change into the unsuited crystalline form, so that its valuable cleansing property will last for an unlimited time. This property will neither be annulled by the presence of chemical substances such as oxygenyielding substances, organic dyes, essential oils or other cosmetically valuable admixtures.

The importance of the consistency of the hydroxidof aluminium is apparent from the fact that dry crystallized hydroxid,. containing little water is quite unsuited for the purpose; for the latter only jelly-like pasty hydroxid of aluminium, in other words the hereinbefore named colloid is necessary. Such colloid is preferably obtained by precipitation with ammonia from a diluted solution of an aluminium salt. By such precipi- 100.

tation vj elly-like substances, rich in water and with only a small percentage of the hydroxid itself are-obtained, the latter appearing as a swollen hydrate .of a fatty character in anextremelyfavorable form-as an inorganic 105 fat proper. This hydroxid of aluminium will then have the same property as organic fats of forming emulsions, namely both with such fats and with'oils and hydrocarbons.

It mix almost at any ratio with pe- 1 10 troleum, benzin, heavy eating purposes, it is are dissolved in 6000 grams of water,

fat, tetrachlorid of carbon, itself a large content of water. The emulsions thus formed will not be destroyed even by very large quantities of water.

'When hydroxid of aluminium is to be produced for washing, cleansing and lubrior complex compounds should be avoided,

as these would impair the washing and lubricating capacity of the hydrate. A hydroxid particularly rich in water and suited for the said purposes is obtained by precipitation from the dilute solution of an aluminium salt by means of anexcessive quantity of ammonia, or, vice versa, by introducing a solution of aluminium saltinto a highly diluted ammoniacal liquid, which, should have an excess of ammonia.

however, The precipitate thus obtained may, also be easily filtered.

For illustrating the degree of dilution to be employed the following example may be quoted: 100 grams'of sulfate of aluminium then,

this solution 77 grams of aqueous ammonia with 17.7 grams of ammonia are added. Or the 7 7 grams of ammoniacal-liquid with thecontentsof ammonia specified may be dilutued with water to 6000 cublc centimeters, whereupon the 100 grams of sulfate of aluminium are added inform of a strong aqueous solution.

I would render their transport of a medium de As the soft form of the jelly-like colloids silicate of alumina or magnesia is kneaded into them for washing and cleansing purposes. Both fat and lean and moist clays may be used. Particularly suited'are clays ree of fattiness, which have the character 0 kaolin clay.

According to the quantity of such admixtures the new washing preparation may be tional'scrubbing soap.

made moist, pasty or tough, and it is a surrising fact that such admixture of clay pacity, but has even a favorable effect on it. A further valuable feature consists in the fact that by varying the kind of clay added the character of the soap maybe varied according to thepurpose it is intended for, for example as a common washing soap, as a fine toilet soap or as a mechanical or fI'lO'w Silicate of magnesia, which has also .a fatty character, will the same effect as clay. v v

When the said inor anic'colloids, in particular hydroxid of a uminium, which may or light oil, Vaseline, although it has may and to 'droxid of a jelly-like consistence in water mixed with oils, fats.

very diflicult,

I with. clay.

affect. the washing cahave memos also be used alone, are employed as lubricants, hydrocarbons and graphite may be added besides the hereinbefore named fats and oils. In, fact, any substance which tends to reduce friction may be worked into the lubricating colloids. So, for example, light and heavy aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons' and their derivatives might be employed, also tetrachlorid of carbon, chloroform, sulfid of carbon, benzene, mineral oil, coal tar oils, residues from distillation.

The 'same as graphite, which is added to the colloids, preferably in a fine pulverulent form, either-alone or. in presence of fats and oils, also other friction reducing substances be. employed for preparing these new lubricant substitutes.

I claim:

1. A washing, cleansing and lubricating medium consisting of a hydrated inorganic hydroxid of a jelly-like consistence and rich in water. a

2. A washing, cleansing and lubricating medium consisting of a hydroxid of the aluminum group of a jelly-like consistence and rich in water. I

'3.-A washing, cleansing and lubricating medium consisting of an. inorganic by and rich 4. A washing, cleansing and lubricating medium consisting of a hydroxid of the aluminum group of a jelly-like consistence and rich in water mixed with oils, fats.

5. A shaving medium consisting of .a hydroxid of the aluminium group of a jellylike consistence and rich in water.

6. A washing and cleansing medium consisting of an inorganic hydroxid of a jellylike consistence and rich in water mixed with clay.

. 7. A washing and cleansing medium consisting of aluminium hydroxid of a jellylike consistence and rich in water mixed cleansing sisting of inorganic hydroxids of a jellylike consistenceand rich in water mixed witha silicate. j

, 9. A washing and cleansing medium consisting of aluminium hydroxidof a jellylike consistence and rich in water mixed with a silicate of a metal.

In testimony that I claim as my invention, 1 have signed my name 111 presence of subscribing witnesses.

' Dr. MAX BFICHNER.

8. A washing and Witnesses: H

- Dr. NAUEN, v

INNESQBROWK;

the foregoing medium, con-