US1387245A

US1387245A - bowling

Info

Publication number: US1387245A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1921-08-09
Anticipated expiration: 1938-08-09

Description

F.1. DowLlNG. LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 25, 1919.

Patented Aug. 9, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET lf d INI/EN TOI? ggf) A UUR/VE V8 l/lS | (lllllll HHH!" HAL l l l l F. I. BOWLING.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 25| |919.

Patented Aug. 9, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- /N VEN TUR A TTOHNE! WIT/VESSEL? Ma/EM UNITED STATES' PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS J'. BOWLING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug, 9, 1,921.

Application filed April 25,` 1919. Serial N0. 292,540.

' like.

Among the objects of the invention is to provide a lock having safety means for the purpose of preventing the surreptitious opening of a door locked thereby, by a j immying action. t

Another object of the invention is to provide for a lock a safety means serving automatically to close the key openingin the event ,that the key barrel be severed from the lock. y

A further obj ect of the invention is to provide a means whereby the sliding or bolt portion of the lock may be held in either o'l' two different positions independent of the jamb devices, one of which positions is for the purpose of holding the bolt projected in position to be further projected by the door j amb while the other position is to prevent cooperation with the door jamb device.

With the foregoing and other objects in view the invention consists in the arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed, and while the invention is not restricted to the exact details of construction disclosed or suggested herein, still for the purpose of illustrating a practical embodimentthereof reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate the same parts in the several views, and in which- Figure 1 is a iace View or elevation of one `form of my improved lock indicating its position on the inside of the door, a portion of the lock casing being broken away;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on 2-2 oi Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2 looking in the opposite direction from 1l`ig. 1. Y

the line Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section on` the line 4-4 of Fig. 2. r

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the safety plate.

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of my improved night latch keeper as it would Abe seen from the plane of the line 64-6 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation partly in section of the bolt structure on the line 7-7 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 8 is a vertical longitudinal sectional detail onthe line 8 8 of Figs' 2, the j amb devices being omitted, though with the bolt held projected in its intermediate stage.

Fig. 9 is a vertical longitudinal section of a modiiied forni of the invention:` i

Figs. 10 and 11 are side and edge views respectively of the i'orm of latch lkeeper ot' Fig. 9.

Fig. 12L is a longitudinal section of a'iurther modification on the line 12-12 oi Fig. 13, indicating that adaptation of my invention suitable for cupboard doors, refrigerators, bookcases or the like; and

Fig. 13 is a longitudinalsection on thel line 13--13 of Fig. 12.

Referring now more specifically to the iirst ksetoi" figures I show a lock adapted espe-l cially for the entrance doors oiz apartments, dwellings, stores, or the like, controllable by a knob or its equivalent on the inside and av key on the'outside. 'This lock'comprises a Y casing 15 including an inner plate 16 adapted to be secured by any convenient yor well known means to the inner surface of the door D adjacent to its striking'edge CZ. IA wish to state, however, that the lock maybe adapted for use as a mortise lock without departing materially from the principal featuresk of novelty and henceI do not wish t-o be limited in the use ot the lock to that illustrated. The lock casing includes also a sort of hood 17 projecting beyond the striking edge of the door, the same being cut away on the inner along the door amb J.

face at 17 except at the top and bottom Registering with the cut-away 17 whenA the door is closed is azstrong platelS carrying one or more rigidhorns 19 in the form of horizontal hooks adapted to project through the cut-away 17 Vand into the hood portion 17 of the casingbetweenv the outer portion oi' the hood and an inner wall 20 having a concave4 seat 21, the vertical, aXis of whose concavity isl substan tially` central of the casing and about in .alinement with the striking edge ofthedoor. LAs will be appreciated from Fig. 2the horns are provided with bevels 22 vsloping toward thewally and away 'from the door andhaving recesses 23 on the side thereof remote from ther door.

rlhe bolt structure in the principal forms of the invention comprises two parallel bolts 24 slidable horizontally or longitudinally of Y therein through which guide rods 28 lixed to the wall 20 project adjacent to the upper and lower edges of the casing. A pair of stiff coil springs 29 surround the guide `rods 28 and, bearing against the wall 20 at one end and the bar 26 attheother end, tend to hold the bolt retracted into the casing. The outer ends of the bolt members 24 carry a bar 30 having adrivin'g lit in ther ends of the bolt members and adapted to seat in the concave seat 2l of thecasing wall 20, when the bolt is in its innermost retracted position and in which position the door may be opened or closed freely without copeiation 26 and the plate 43 and tends to hold the between the bar 30 and the horns 19.

VlVhereas in anordinary lockthe bolt is projected outward from the casing for locking it and is retracted into the casing for unlocking, in myv improved lock the reverse action obtains and the bolt is projected out-r ward bringing the. bar"30 into coperation with the beveled surfaces 22 of the horns so that when the door is being closed the bolt bar 30 will ride over the beveled surfaces 22 causingthe bolt to be projected still farther into the casing into-locking position, and so to unlock the door the bolt must be given anv outward movement rather than an inward movement. y.It will be noted that the bolt has three positions, namely, an unlocked or retracted position, an outer kor projected position and an intermediate or locked position. A

The manipulation of the bolt may be ei'- feeted either by means of a knob 31 journaled at 32 in the wall 33 of the casing l5 and connected to a gear 34 lwithin the casing, or it may be manipulated from the outside of the -door by the insertion of'a key of any well known type into a barrel 35 which carries an inwardly projecting key bar 36 projectable into a slot 37 formed in a bracket 3,8 upon which are journaled a. pair of

gears

39 and 40. See Fig. These gears have cooperating 1lugs, 4l acting as positive stops limiting the rotation ofthe gears in one direction, and at their upper and lowery extremities they are provided with lugs 42ad`apted to bear against a plate 43 guided loosely upon the inner ends of the guidebars 28 while a central bar 44 fixed to the oenterjf the plate 43 isV guided outward through. the center f the boltubar 26 and havingatjitsrepposite enda cross head 45. T l'iev gear 34 meshes with aA lgear 46journaled upon a stud 47 on the casing wall 33. These gears 34 and 46 have lugs 4S corresponding with the aforesaid lugs 42 to the lugs 42 of the outer pair of (fears and are adapted for lcoperatioii with the loose plate 43 when the knob 3l is turned.

At 49 l show a pair of horizontal abutment members iiXed in'parallel planes one above the other on the inner surface of the wall 2O just above and below the bolt elements 24 respectively. 50 indicates upper and lower dogs pivoted` at 5l to said bolt elements respectively, the dogs being countersunk in recesses52 formed in the sides of the bolts. rIhese dogs are in the nature of bell cranks to one Varm of each of which is pivoted at 53 the crosshead 45 of the releasing mechanism. To thev free endof each dog 59 is pivotally connected a pin 54 slidable throughthe bolt member 24 and having a head 55 adapted to seat in a countersink in that side of the bolt adjacent to the other pin facing the opposite bolt. A spring 56 surrounds the releasing bar 44between the bar 'result of the forcing` loose of the bairel and bar portions or the lock giving direct access to themember having the slot 37 ,so that by introducing a screw driver or the like inward through the barrel opening and into the slot 37 the lock may be opened. To avoid this objection l provide a safety plate 57 having the lower end thereof at 53 bearing upon the rotatable barrel or thebar projecting therefrom. lf kthe barrel and key bar 36 shouldbe withdrawn the plate 57 will drop down between the bracket 3S and the casing wall 16 closing the opening and frustrating the attempt to introduce a tool into the lock, y The upper end of the plate is provided with ears 59 which limit the downward movement of the plate by striking against the bracket 38. V

y The member 60 may be termed a keeper or night latch device. but in thek forni of the invention shown in the first set of figures this keeper is designed particularly for holding the bolt device temporarily in the outer of the ltwo positions earlier described so as toengage with and slideover the beveled surfaces 22 of the horns when the dooi is to be locked. For this purpose the lugs 6l connected tothe.. upper and lower yends of the keeper are brought down into notches 62l Ymembers have been projected to such position by turning the knob 31 or the key. The outer ends of the notches 62 consist ozt' square shoulders 66 while the inner edges are beveled at 67. When the parts are adjusted as shown in Fig. 8 the lugs 61 located in the notches 62 will bear against the square shoulders 66 and prevent the springs 29 from forcing the bar 30 into the concave seat 2751. Hence when the door is closed thereafter the bar 30 will be engaged by the horns and carried outwardly and then inwardly into the locked Yposition shown in Fig. 2. The beveled shoulders 67 will not prevent this outward movement of the bolt members and will cause the moving of the latch 60 into idle position where it will be held by friction between the plate 64 and the casing s0 that when the door is then unlocked again the ybolt bar 30 may be retracted into its innermost position out of coperation with the keeper hooks assuming that this lock is attached to a door fitted with an automatic closer and the door is to be kept unlocked during the day or for any other length of time there will be no interlocking or coperating action between the bar 30 and the horns so long as the latch keeper is maintained in its idle position.

In view of the foregoing specific description of th-e mechanism the operation of the devices thus far described may be briefly set forth as follows: Following the description according to Fig. 8 the closing of the door will cause the locking thereof in the manner shown in Fig. 2 at which timerigid pins 68 carried by the angle plate with their axes parallel to the direction of movement of the door will be received into holes 69 formed in the inner wall portions of the overhanging hoods 17. While these pins are` not absolutely necessary to the proper operation of f the lock they coperate with the other features to make the lock more effective in practice. The pins prevent movement of the lock casing in a direction parallel to the face of the door. The horns 19 being rigid and having positive interlocking coperation with the bar 30 prevent movement of the lock directly away from the jamb which ever, the door is tobe unlocked by an authorized `person by means of a key from the outside or by the turning of the knob 31 on. the inside the plate 43 is `lirst projected toward the bar 26 by either thelugs 48 or 42 and against the :torce ot the spring 56, which being weaker than the springs 29 will cause the swinging of' the dogs 50 around their pivots 51 and the withdrawing of the nose pieces 54 out of position to engage the abutments 49. Consequently the continued movement of the opening device, the key or the knob, against the torce of the springs 29 will cause'the bar 30 to be carried outward from the undercut seats 23 of the horns so setting free the door to swing on its hinges. The hood 17 may be omitted so far as the practical operation of the lock is concern-ed, but by its use a neater iinish is afforded to the structure. After the door has been Vopened as just described the keeper 60 will be in its elevated or idle position, and if the lock is to be retained in its idle position the springs 29 will force the bar 30 back into its seat 21 where it will remain Vuntil it is desired to again lock the door. ln this condition the door may be opened freely from the inside by pulling upon the knob, or from the outside by an inward push. From the torcgoing it will be understood that the locking bolt is adapted to occupy with respect to the casing any one of three distinct stages, namely, the idle stage wherein the bar 30 lies in the cavity 21 allowing the door to swing 'freely without locking or catching; secondly, the locking or intermediate position as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2, and thirdly, the proj ected position as indicated in Fig. 8. ln the locking or intermediate position the members 54 cooperate' with the abutments 49 and prevent such movement ot the bolt as would permit jimmying of the door, but in the intermediate stage or Fig. 8 the members occupy a position between the ends of the abutments 49 and the cavity 1 so as to permit the bolt to move upward freely as it' wipes over the faces 22 of the horns.

rlhe structure of Figs. 9, 10 and 11 is in the main similar to that already described with respect to the bolt members 24, the horns 19, the plate 18 and the bar 30 carried by the bolt members. The casing is provided with rigid abutments 7 O which limit the inward movement oi the bolt members to the locking position as shownin F 9. A pair of guide rods 28a are fixed to the inner end of the bolt members and have secured to their other ends a plate 43 through which the turning of the barrel 35Fby a key or otherwise will cause the projection of the bolt membersfor unlocking the same from the horns, against the force of main springs 29a arranged around the rods 28n and located between the plate 43a and a plate 71 slipped loosely upon therods 28a and abutting against the abutment '79. rlhis form of the invention is provided also with the same safety plate 57 above described for the closing of the key barrel opening in case the barrelshould beiorced out of piace.

The night latch keeper 60 of this form of the invention differs somewhat in that its lugs 6ln have positive cooperation in notches 62 formed in the bolt members 2l?, there being provided square shoulders G6 on both sides of the keeper and so positioned that when the bolt bar 30 is in interlocking or set position the keeper will not engage but when the bolt is to be held projected to prevent locking of the door the keeper is slipped into place between the shoulders, so that the bar will be positioned outward beyond and pass clear or' the horns in the normal opening and closing of the door. rThe key operated member 35a has connected to it a pair of arms 72 terminating' in lugs 73 engaging over the face of the plate L13 remote from the bolt so that when the key device is turned in either direction the bolt will be projector and unlocked from the horns.

1n each oi' the principal forms of the invention the bolt in locking position is held positively by means auxiliary to the hook shaped horns from movement with respect to the casing, and consequently any attempt to jimmy the door will not only be i'rustrated but will fail to even cause the pulling oi the bolt out ot the casing or what might be termed the stretching of the bolt due to its interlocking engagement with the horns. l am aware that it is not broadly new to provide a door look in which the bolt has an inherent tendency to retract toward the easing` for locking purposes, but so tar as l have been advised believe it is broadly new to provide a lock having a bolt of this type having means auxiliary to the bolt to make the lockingthereof positive so as to resist any jimmying tendency to spread the door from the jamb. More definitely stated in the first form or" the invention such stretching action of the bolt is resisted both by the pins 68 and the abutment-s l19, while in the second main form of the invention such tendency is resisted by the pins G8. iliTithout the pins, however cooperating with the hood or casing projection in the simpler form of the invention shown in the drawings on sheet 2, there would be but a limited amount olf stretchingoi` the bolt because ot the engagement between the hood and the bar 30 constituting a portion of the bolt means.

1n the simpler formof the device shown in Figs. 12 and 13 the casing- 15 is provided with a simple slot 7 4 through which the knob shank 75 projects and threaded over a tixed bar 76 i'ixed to a portion 77 oi the'casing. The bolt members 24"` are combined with the bar member 30b and are projected by the sliding movement of the finger piece along the slot 74C and against the force of a spring 29" surrounding the rod 76 and bearing at the striking edge oic the door, bolt means carried by the casing and projecting beyond the door within the projecting portion of the casing and movable inward automatically with resi ect to the casing into locking position, means carried by the casing to control the movement of the bolt means, a stationary plate for the door jamb, and rigid means carried by the plate and projecting therein-om perpendicular' to 'the plane oiE the door for cooperation with said bolt means and the casing projection whereby relative movement between thev casing, the bolt means and the plate is prevented in every direction when the door is locked.

2. 1n door lock, the combination of a casing having an integral extension projecting` beyond the striking edge of the door, a bolt movable in the casing and projecting into the extension the outer portion or" the extension lying` in the path of movement oit the bolt and serving` thereby to limit the outward movement thereof, a rigid stationary member for the jamb toward which the casing extension moves while the door is being closed and rigid hook means carried by said stationary member around and with which the bolt interlocks within the casing extension by movement toward the casing, and means within the casing to control the movements of the bolt.

3. a door lock, the combination of a cas-r sta ionary member, a bolt movable in the cas-Y ing. means to cause the bolt to move inward with respect to the casing and engage in interlocking position around said horn, and rigil means auxiliary to the bolt and horn to positively prerent the stretching of the bolt 'trom theV casing by a jimmying action.

el.. ln a doorv lock, the combination ol a casing for the'door, a stationary member for the jamb5 a hook shaped horn iiXed rigidly to the stationary member, a bolt movable in the casing, means to cause the bolt to move inward with respect to the casing and enga-ge in interlocking position around said horn., rigid means vcarried within the casing auxiliary to the bolt'to lock the bolt in iiXed position with respect to the casing when the bolt is interlocked over the horn7 and manual means to unlock the bolt from the horn, said manual means acting initially to release said auxiliary means, while a continued movement of the manual means will effect the unlocking o'l the bolt.

5. The herein described door lock comprising a casing, a relatively stationary member cooperating therewith, a bolt iitted slid ably in the casing, said stationary member having a horn, means acting upon the bolt to automatically retract it toward and into the casing, means acting upon the bolt to causo it to engage over the horn on the side thereoi2 remote from the casing under the force oi said automatic retracting means during the locking action, means auxiliary to the bolt and horn serving to prevent unauthorized outward movement oi the bolt with respect to ythe casing, and manual means to unlock the bolt froml the horn, said manual means acting initially to release said auxiliary means, while a continued movement oi the manual means will effect the unlocking oit the bolt..

6. ln a door lock, the combination of a casing, a bolt slidable therein, spring means acting upon the bolt tendin to retract the same into the casing, rigid means around and over which th bolt engages and interV locks when moved inward into locking position, said rigid means havin" i inclined face, and a latch l eeper cooperac ng with the bolt to hold it in an intermediate position tor engagement with the inclined tace of said rigid means and thereby cause said bolt t move outward over said rigid means, said latch keeper being automatically released from its holding position by said outward movement of the bolt.

7. ln a door lock, the combination with a casing, bolt means movably carried within the casing and means acting through the casing upon the bolt means to control the action thereof and including a key barrel and'lrey bar extension, or a safety member within the casing movable automatically into position to close the opening for the key barrel and key bar extension in the event oi' the barrel being forced from its position. Y

S. ln a door lock, he combination with a casing, bolt means movable therein and means to control the movements or the bolt including a key barrel and key bar extension therefrom extending` through one side or the casing, o1 means to bar access to the interior of the casing in the event oi the removal of the key barrel and bar extension, said means including a plate movable amtomaticallyv into position to close the opening leading to the interior of the casing.

9. 1n a door lock, the combination oi a. casing, movable locking members including a normally spring retracted bolt carried therein, means to control the action of the locking members, and a stationary jamb plate against which a portion of the casing is adapted to abut, means carried by said jamb plate interlocking` with said spring retracted bolt to lock the door from movement in door opening direction, said jamb plate and casing having interlocking pins and holes to prevent relative movement between the casing and plate at an angle to said door opening direction. j

lO. 1in a door lock, the combination of a casing to be carried by a swinging door and having a hood portion projecting beyond the striking edge or' the door, a bolt member slidable in the casing in a plane parallel to the door, the direction of movement of the bolt being inwardly with respect to the casing in locking action, means to control the action of the bolt member, a stationary plate adapted to be lined to the jamb and against which the projecting portion of the casing is adapted to strike when the door is closed and means projecting from said stationary plate yinterlocking with said bolt to lock said door when the bolt is moved to a. locked position, said projecting portion o the casing having a hole and the plate having a pin which is received in said hole when the door is closed, the axis oi the pin being perpendicular to the plane of the door whereby the casing and plate are interlocked tcprevent movement oi the casing in any direction in the plane oithe door.

il. ln a door lock, the combination 01"' a casing having along its edges projecting hood portions and between whichis a cutaway, bolt means carried by the casing and pro jecting into the cutaway between the hoods, means carried by the casing to control the movement of the bolt means, a ystationary plate for kthe door jamb and rigid means carried by the plate and projecting there- Jrom perpendicular to the plane oi the door for cooperation with said bolt means and the hoods whereby relative movement between the casing and the plate is prevented in every direction when the door is locked.

12. ln a door lock, the combination of a casing, a stationary member, a member carried by the stationary member and rigid with respect thereto, a bolt movable in the casing and adapted with respect thereto to occupy three distinct stages including an idle, inactive stage, automatic means to retract the bolt inward from intermediate to locking stage with respect to the casing to engage in interlocking position around said rigid stationary member, and means cooperating with the bolt and movable automatically into position to hold the bolt in locking stage.