US136017A - Improvement in reverberatory furnaces - Google Patents

Description

G. ATKINS.

I Reverberatory Furnaces. NC). 136,017. V Fa tented Fe b.18,1873.

AM PHOT0-U77l06RAPH/E on M). (osoms'smacsss) UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE ATKINS, OF YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN REVERBERA'l'ORY FURNACES.'

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 136,017, dated February 18, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE ATKINS, of Youngstown, in the county of Mahoning and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useture of iron and steel, and has for its objectsuch'a construction of the fuel, feed, and fire box that the gases generated will be entirely consumed and the fuel used to the greatest ad vantage. v

The conditions necessary to perfect combustion are that there should be sufficient oxygen present to complete the combustion and that the carbonic oxide should be brought to a high heat before its union with the oxygen.

In furnaces of the above-named class, as ordinarily constructed, a large portion of the carbonic oxide given off by the fuel passes over the bridge-wall and escapes unconsumed, for

the reason that the conditions necessary to a thorough combustion or oxidation do not exist. To overcome this universally-recognized difficulty several modes havebeen adopted-as, for instance, the introduction of air, hot or cold,

through the fire-bridge and through the'arch over the fire-bridge, to oxidize the escaping products. Vertical fire-boxes have been constructed fed from above, so that when fresh fuel was added on top of the fuel already ignited the gases generated were made to pass downward through the hot fuel, air being supplied at the point where combustion was to take place generally, as above stated, at points in or near thefire-bridge and in such constructions air has been allowed to enter, or blasts have been used at pleasure, directed from above the fuel downward, to carry down the gas generated from thefresh fuel through the incandescent fuel beneath. In other cases the firebox has been divided by a partition wall dependent from the crown of the furnace at a point equidistant from thefire-bridge and end wall, and descending to a point even with or a little below the fire-bridge, forming a fuel and cooking chamber between the said partitionwall and the end of the furnace.

The first-stated construction does not fulfill the requirements necessary to perfect combustion. The second does to a certain extent, but the ash-pit being closed so that no air enters necessitates the introduction of air at or near the fire-bridge. The third, from the construction of the pendent partition, lacks durability, not being able to withstand the intense heat to which it is subjected, and from the form of the coking-chamber it cannot act as a self-feeder.

My invention consists in afurnace provided with a vertical closed feed-chamber extending above the crown of the furnace, and so arranged relatively to the grate and fire-bridge that the feed will be continuous, and the gasesgenerated from the fresh fuel will be compelled to traverse the incandescent fuel and become highly heated before ignition, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 represents a longitudinal vertical section of afurnace embodying my invention, the section being taken on the line as w of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a front elevation, partly in section.

Like letters refer to like parts.

A is the'furnace. B represents the grates; C, the elevated fuel-chamber; D, the fuel-door; E, the bridge-wall F, the heating or pud'dlin'g floor; Gr, the door for introducing the iron, or a working-door, if the hearth be made for puddling. The hearth or floorF will be constructed, according to the object for which it is intended, either as a reheating or puddlin g hearth. The description will be confined to the fuel-chainber, fire-box, &c., their construction and arrangement being the points of invention. The fuelchamber O is a vertical chamber elevated above the crown I of the furnace, three of its walls t'he end and two side walls-being continuous with the wall of the furnace proper, the fourth or inner end wall 0 rising from the crown I of the furnace in a line directly over the foundation-wall B which supports the inner end of grate B. The fire-bridge Eis placed in advance of the foundation-wall B and wall 0 of the feed-chamber 0, so as to forma shelf or ledge, E, upon which the incandescent fuel may rest. The end wall of the furnace and i'uel chamber (J may be pierced by openings J for the introduction of a blast, if desired; but

I prefer to work without a blast.

The operation of the furnace is as follows: Thefuel. is charged into the door D until the fuel upon the grate.

chamber is filled up to dotted line it t, or to any point between that line and the lower edge of the door, the main point being that it shall rise above the line of the crown I and close the chamber 0. The fuel will naturally feed down from a slope represented by the dotted line (I (1, extending from the fire-bridge to the crown of the furnace. That portion of the fuel lying above the grate in the line of the draft, or, in other words, within the space bounded by dotted lines 6 e and d cl, will become incandescent while the remainder of the fuel will coke or give off carbonic oxide. The gases generated, finding no outlet by chamber (J, are drawn by the draft of the furnace through the burning This operation may be assisted and additional air furnished by a blast introduced through the lower openings J, if

desired, but this is not necessary to the work ing of my invention, as enough air will enter through the ash-pit and grate for the complete combustion of the carbonic oxide at the high heat it h LS reached in passing through the incandescent fuel.

described.

GEORGE ATKINS. lVitnesses:

T. B. MOSHER,

ALEX. F. ROBERTS.

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