US1349068A - Damper - Google Patents

Description

I. A. KEYES.

DAMPEB.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I2, 1918.

Patented Aug. 10,192.

citizen of the United closecl :1t ul1 other understeod cylinder a1rangement is UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH A. KEYES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., COMPANY, 015 NEW YORK, N. Y.

ASSIGII'OR T0 LOCO1VJCOTIVE SUPERHEATER A CORPORA'IION DIE DELAWARE.

DAMPER.

Be it known that I, JOSE1II A. KEYES, a Stabes, residing in the city of New York, Stute 01 New York, ha ve invented certain new ancl useful Improvements in Dampers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to dampers usecl on locomotives equipped with smoke tube superheaters, und particularly loeomotives 0f this kincl usecl in switchor yarclservice. The objeet 0f my invention is t0 provide an improvecl mechanism f01' automatically Causing the clampert0 assume the desirecl position in response to certain varying conclitions.

Those fainiliar with the damper arrangement in the case 0f roacl engines, thab is locomotives whose service conclitions are such that ehe periods during which the throttle is open are long comparkad with those during which it is closecl, is different from the arrangement in switch en gines, where the perio'dS 0f' c1osecl throttle units is open at all times when the throttle is 0pen und the pressure in the steam chest 1S above a certa1n t1mes. F01 certa1n wellbe undesirable 011 switch engines ancl a different arrangement has been proposed, v1. e. t0

'hot gases to flow over the superheater pipes at all times except when the blower is on, ir

respective of whether the throttle is open 01' closed( This, in turn, resultecl in the disaclvantage that if the blower happened t0 be on While the throttle was open, 110 hot gases passecl throgh the flues, resulting in a dec'reasecl steam production and a lack 0f superheat. Arrangements f01& remeclying this have been Worked Out, involving the principle of two opposing pistons, 0Iie acted 011 by steam from the steam chest or steam pipe ancl the other' by blower steam. While these arrangements are ehtirely practicable, they are open to some objections, e g. the objection that an entirely difi'erent damper required in the 15W0 classes 01 locomotives.

this art know that predeterminecl point, ancl 1eas011s this arrangement woulcl full lines a s far One purpose of my Specification of Letters Patent. Patented f&ug 10, 1920 Appli cacin filed February 12,1918.

Ser1al N0. 216,787.

invention is t0 remove this 0bj ection, making it p0ssible to use the same standard clamper cylincler in all cases. Other objects Will be apparent fr-om the following clescription.

My invention is illustrated in the aecom panying clrawing, in whlch Figure 1 represents the front end 015 a locomotive with my device in place; und Fig. 2 represents to an enlargecl scale a central longitudinal section of the essential parh 01 my device.

The banel 01 the locomotive is clesignated by the reference numerul l. The front tube sheet 2 has securecl in it the flues 3 und the fire tubes 3. From compartment 4 of heacle1 5 lezul the superheuter units (3, tl1eir other encls not visible 213 they lie behind those shown in the clrawing, openlng into compartment 7 01 the heucler 5. It is under stoocl that there is any desirecl number of tiers 01 these fiues und. superheater units. 8 is the inlet I"01 ehe satumtecl steam, which is clelivered t0 it from the heiler by the clrypipe 8 und 9 the outlet for the steam after it is superheatecl The fixecl -plate 10 together with the rotatuble dumper 11 controls Ehe exit fer the h0t gases from the flues 3. As 25:11 21s lescribed the urmngement is typi ca] und well-known.

The damper 11 is mounted on und rotates with the shuft 12. Keyecl 01' otherwise securecl to this shaft is the arm 13 carrying alt its encl the weight 14;. The relative position of arm 18 und clamper 11 0n shaft 12 is such that with the weight in its upper position, as inthe clrawi1ig, the damper is closecl, the clamper in this osition being indicated in as it shows in the view, the 10wer position 01: the weight und the open position of the clamper being inclicatecl by line 13 und 11 respectively.

Also secured t0 shuft 12 is the arm 15, whose encl is connected to the encl of arm 16 by link 17. Arm 16 is keyecl 130 shaft 18 t0 Whieh is also keyecl arm 19. The other end 0f arm 19 extencls into a slot in piston 1OCl 20. At the lower end 01 20 is the piston 21, re-

eiprocable in cylincler 22. T0 the lower end which has a larger piston, 25, ancl a snlaller one, 26, movable respectively in the larger and smalle'r portionsof the chamber. They are connected by a rod, preferably integral with thern, whlch has tWo portions differing in diamete'r, the one 28 adjacent t'o the to prevent leakage.

Tl1ejcasing is screwecl into the botto1n 0'f thcylinder 22 by means of the connection 29, and its 1nterior co1nmunicatss with the spacebelow piston 21 by 1neans 0f tl1e' passage 30, opening into the smaller cliameterecl p'o-rtion of the chamber 23. From the encl 01 the sarnefportlon 0f the chamber comnection ismacle, by means 01 passa'ge 31 anal pipe 32,. with the blower p'1pe 33.

' The end of ehe lmger ortion 0f chamber 23 cbnnnunicatcs by means of passage 34 und pipe.35 Wih the steam chest 3G.

Leading from the smaller ortion of chamber 23 t0 the ai1' is a passagex37,

"SCIGWGC1 into it ancl leacling to any condischarge is pips 38. Con

venient point of necting this Passage 37 with the near end of the la1ger portion of the chamberis tl1e small assage 39.

The disp.osition of the inner ends 01 passage's 30 ancl 37 is such that when the piston mlve is ab the left, inthe position shown 1n oho figure, both passages are open but *c ommunication between them is closecl by' piston 26; but when the valve is in the op posite position, 71. e. in its extreme right pos1t1on, .the tw0 passa ges connnunicate througlrthe annular Space arouncl portion 27 of the sten1 und at suchtimes cmmunic'ation is interruptecl between 30 und 31'.

Ii'l Will be 110tecl that 'as piston 25 approaches the left end 01 its tmvel stezim in the larger encl 0:E thschamber23can escape 0nly through the compara tively small Passage 34:,

' end -ofits strke, steam tmppecl in the inner encl 'f the large p'ortion 01 the chzunbar 23 vcan e scape only through the small assage 39. In this wa.y the fstroke 0f the valve is p roperly cushioned.

-Theoperat1on 015 the clev1ce*1 VVhen the locomotive is stanclin s as foll5ws: still with thethrottle clossd und the blower on, Pres- 21 into its upper position, closingclamper su re fromm the blower -pipe 33, .passing through pipe 32 und passage3l, will move pi ston valve 21t0 the left, there bsing 110 pressure opposing this movement. Steain can then pass 'by way 01 passage 30 130 dam'1aer cylincler 22. This will f orce plspon 11 in opp'osiigion to the action 0 5 wsighe 14. Tf. 110W the main throttle is opened, steam assage clamper.

. 1. In apparatus of the the darnpcr su1 1alieclwith steam,

anal as 1t approaches -the righb terzied from the steam chest 36, Coming throug'n The arei1 subject t0 this pres'sure being greater than the area of piston 26, the piston valve Will m0ve towarcl the right. Port 30 Will then bs in comm unication with port 37 bu t no longer with 31, ancl the steam in cylin'chr22 escapes The weight 1 1 then puts the damper into its open positioh. Any steam that leaks by piston 25 is free.to esca'pe by way 01 39. Shoulcl the blower be turne'cl ofl? ac tirnes When the throttl'e is op an, Ehe action Will be, 01' course, as just desc'ribscl. ;Should it be t-urnecl ofl. [ab a time When the throttle is closcl, the .p0sition of piston valve 21 would make 110 clifference, as nostenfl1pressure would oppose the -action of weight 14 which woulcl therefore'be free. t0 open the 1Vhat I claim;is:

dass clescribed, the combination -0f a b0iler ha-ving fluesm superhea-ter with a portion of its hsating surfac'e'locatecl in .the fiues, a, compartment int0 which the flues discha-rge gases, a damper conorollecl .opening in the- Wall 0'f saicl compartment, a steani 'chest, "a blower pipe, means t0 operace thexclamper comprising a cylincler, anal a valve subjectto opposing pressures from the steamchest ancl .the blow-er pipe respectively controlling the admission Of steann toan cl -its exhaust from snicl cylincler.

. 2.- In apparatus .of tl1e dass desc-ribecl, tl16 combination 015 heiler having flues, s super heater with, a. portio1i .015 its heuting surfwelocatecl in the flues, a compartment in1'zo which the flues discharge gases, a. damper controllecl opening in.-thsmall 015 said compnrtment, a steam chest, a blower pipe, steam actuatecl means connectecl witn and tencling "00 .clos'eit when a valve t0 aclmit stea 130 saicl means, said valve operatirig in response t0 pressure in the blower pipe t0 ziclmitsteam t0 themeans, ancl in response t pressure fr0rn the steam chest to cut it ofl. 3.- In.appmratnsof ths dass clescribscl, l'l1 coinbinatin of a boiler having flucs, a superh'eater with a portion of its heating surface 'l'ocaecl in the flues, a.fcompart- -1nent into whicl1 the flues dischaige gases, a claniper controlled openlng in the Wall 0f saicl comprtment, a steam chest, a blower pipe steam-operatecl nieans operatively con nectecl 'witl1 the cla'mper ancl tehding c0 close ifi when suppliecl with stsarn, und daher means to supply stem to saicl stearn-oprneanswhen the blower pip'e is receiving stearn ancl the stemnnnest is not, ancl co cutofi" the steam supply when the steam chest is receiving steam.

' 4. l n"apparatus 0f the classlescribed, the combinatiofl of a boiler hav'ing flues, a

superheater with a Portion 0f its' beating surface located in the flues, a compartment into which the flues discharge gases, a damper controlled opening in the Wall of said compartment, a steam chest, a blower pipe, a damper cylinder, a piston reciprocable in it and operatively connected with the damper und tending 130 close it when there is pressure in the cylinder, and a differential piston valve the larger of whose two piston areas is subject to pressure from the steam chest the smaller being subject t0 blower pipe pressure, the piston valve admitting steam t0 the damper cylinder when in the position it tends to assume in response to the blower pipe pressure, and connecting it with the atmosphere when in the position it tends t0 assume in response t0 the steam chest pressure, and automatic means to open ehe damper when there is n0 pressure in the damper cylinder.

JOSEPH A. KEYES.

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