US1275056A - Smoke-abating system for locomotives. - Google Patents

Description

R. M. I ICKLEY.

SMOKE ABATING SYSTEM FOR {OG OMOTIVES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. I0. 1915.

Patented Aug. 6, 1918.

APPLICATIONI FILED AUG. I0. 1915.

Patented Aug. 6, 198.

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PATENT -EALPH LICKLEY, oE- EAST CLEVELAND, oHIo, AssIGNoE, EY'MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, To THE TALMAGE MANUFACTUnING COMPANY, or CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORA- T o all whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, RALPH M. LIGKLEY, a citizen of the vUnited States, residing at East Cleveland, in lthe'county of.V Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, vhave invented a certain new and usefulImprov-ement in Smoke- Abating Systems for Locomotives, of'which the followin is a'full,clear, and exact description, re erence being had tothe accom- Pallyng drawingsf' 1 2 The ultimate ,obj ect of this invention is to increase the eliiciency invprodu'ction of steam in a locomotive, 'and Iat thesame time, abate the smoke. My invention 4'accomplishes'this by injecting into the, fire'Y box superheated steam and air which consumes vcarbOi-i,rising from A the lire, thus increasingv'the heat pro.- duced, protecting'the Aflues from sooty deposits, and Qminimizing fthe lsmoke discharged. I have foundfthat superheated steamapproximates heated airmuch more nearly than doesfsaturated steam, and, by using superheated steamthrough a nozzle as a means ofinjectingadjacent air, I cause an intermingling of the superheated steam and air, producinga hot mixture devoid of moisture and readyfor instantcombination withthe products of combustion from vthe re bed.

. AS superheated steam is only available in a modern locomotive while lthe same'isrunning, I provide a device for automatically shifting .from superheated to saturated steam whenever the supply4 of superheated Y steam ceases by reason of theclosing of the throttle. This enables the same nozzles to discharge saturated steam and f air finto the ireboxwhen the'locomotive is drifting or stationary, to ,abate the smokeas far Ias it mayy beaccomplished by saturated steamlinjection. As .soon as the: superheated'steam becomes availablein therunnin lof the lof comotive, mydevice automatica ly1 connects 'thediseharge with the, supply 'l of superheatf ed. steam, thus 1giving the maximum of ef Yficiency and the `minimum `oi' smokein the The drawings illustrate an ifor i' j carrying out myfsystem ofsmoke abatement.

Figurevl isa-,plan vof such equipmentand Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Inl, each of these` views the locomotive is indicated by .-1 .SMOKE-ABATING SYSTEM EOE LocoMoTIvEs. s

Y -.Specification of Letters Patent. 'Patented Aug, 1918, Application mea August 10i1 1915. serilnogiaess. Y

vertical section through the fire box; ig. '4 'Y is a vertical section on a larger scale through the automaticl valve for, causing the change from superheated to saturated. steam, and vice versa. f Y `Describing the particular :embodiment show-n in the'drawings, A, in Fig. 2, indicatesv the dry pipe of a locomotive leading from the steam dome and controlled by a throttle valve B operated by the usual throt-` tle lever C. Thedry pipe'divides into` a series of smaller pipeswhich loop back and forth, within tubes in the upper portion of 'the boiler, these loops constituting the superhe'ater D. From the superheater, the va- ,rioustube'sl j 0inl in a commondischarge pipe E whichV leads to the steam chest. F indicates the grate of the fire box; G a suitable lbrick arch above the doorway; H' a suitable brick baiile above the lire box and extendl ing diagonally, upward in front of the tubes, these fbricks`being shown .as supported by water tubesI. So much of the construction represents simply a modern, superheating locomotive. y f l I lthe embodiment of my inventionV shown in the drawings, I provide a series of thimbles 10 extending through the back of the locomotive a` shortdistance above 4the fire door K, and .a` series of thimbles V11. extending inwardly from the sides ofthe'locomotive below ythe tubes I. Located centrally in thesethimbles are nozzles 12 and 13 leading from a common pipe 15 which extends across ythe back and forwardlyonto the sides of the irebox. The nozzles are shown as connectedv with the pipelby Ts or elbows 14, This pipe gisfed. by ana'dmissionfpipe 17 which is adapted to be connectedfwith a sup? ply of superheated steamor saturated steam, as thecasemay be, andas will now be de-l scribed. g. .j y 'g 1, 520, in eaclrof the figures, indicates `the casing of an automatic valve. A.This casing threey passageways to, oii'rom fitland a `pistonfor controlling them.l Thus, 21 at theiupper. end of the casing is la 'passageway connectedrby api pery22yto the supply of saturatedI steam, Athe conneC-ion being preferably through the ,handvalve 23 to the usualL steamturret 2,l, .in the cab.. 25 isa necte by a pip'e'26 with thsu'perheater4- as shown conneeteclwith thev .discharge pipe Bleeding from the superheating loopsY to the steam chest. 28 is the third passage which connects with the pipe 17 leading to the pipe 15, which carries the discharge 4nozzles. It will be seen from an inspection of Fig. 4: that the passageways 25 and 28 connect with a large chamber 30 in the casing 20, while the passageway 21 leads to a comparatively small chamber 31. These chamers are cylinders occupied by a piston having the large portion 32 and the small portion 33. Leading from the chamber 31 t0 the passageway 28 is a passageway 35. The piston extension 33, it will be seen, in the upper position of the piston, closes the port V36 to the passageway 35 while leaving open the ports 37 from the superheating passageway 35 and the port 38 to the discharge passageway 28. i a

In the operation of the device illustrated, the hand valve 23 is lmaintained open and saturated steam constantly passes via the pipe 22 tothe chamber 31 and acts on the upper end of the 'small piston extension 33. When superheated steam is available it passes via the passageway 25to the chamber 30 and, acting on the much larger area of the piston portion32, maintains the piston elevated and thus the ports 37 and 38 opened, and the port 36 closed. Accordingly, the saturated'steamis shut off while superheated steam passes uninterruptedly from the pipe 26 through the valve casing to the nozzles. Whenever the supply ofsuperheated steam ceases to be available, as takes place when the throttle is closed, the pressure drops in the chamber 30 and the saturated steam pressure in the chamber 31 shoves the piston downwardly, thus closing the port 38 and opening the port 36. Thereupon saturated steam passes via the passageway 35 to the nozzles and continues to discharge into the fire box until the. throttle is again opened. As soon as the throttle is opened, superheated steam enters through the lower portion of the port 37 suiiiciently to raise the piston, and this entirely uncovers the ports 37 and 38 and closes the port 36, leaving the nozzles supplied by superheated steam. v

The various pipes described are of comparatively small bore, so that the amount of steam, either superheated or saturated, which is discharged into the fire box is comparatively small. The loss from this source is much more than counterbalanced bythe increased combustion in the ire box. In addition to this there is the more eilicient steaming of the boiler, due to the lues being kept clean, while the very desirablev result of preventing the discharge oi'smoke is accomplished. f By using superheated steam in place oli saturated, I 'am able to not only said casin set of pipes located within the 'fire tubes and constituting a superheater, nozzles discharging into the 'lire box, a conduit leading to the nozzles, a conduit leading frein-the Supply yof saturated steam, a conduit leading Y from the supply of superheated steam, a valve casing communicating with said three conduits, and inovabl'e valve member in adapted to connect the nozzle conduit with either the superheated steam conduit or the saturated steam conduit.

2. The combination with a ylocomotive having a boiler, Va throttle, va steamchest, a conduit from the boiler to the steam chest controlled by the throttle, there being a superhe'ater included in a part of such lconduit, or nozzles discharging into the fire box, a conduitr for superheated 'steam leading from the superheater, a conduit leading from the supply of saturated steam, and means for connecting eitherof the two conduits last mentioned with the nozzles, said means including a differential piston valve having its larger area subjected tothe action of thesuperheated steam.

3. The combination in a locomotive of a tireI box, a boiler, ka steai'nchest, a 'dry pipe connecting the boiler with the steam chest, a portion of said dry pipe being arranged to superheat driving steam, a throttle for controlling the admission of saturated steam to the drypipe, nozzles discharging into the lire box of the locomotive, a conduit'leading to said nozzles, a conduit for superheated steamleading from the superheater, 'a'` conduit for saturated steam lea-ding from the boiler, and a valve adapted to connect either of the two `conduits last mentioned with the conduit to the'nozzles and having a piston normally held byjthe superheated steam pressure in position tomaintain the su'perheater conduit open and `the saturated conduit closed, but adapted to automatically open the saturated ycrm-duit when superheated steam isl not available.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix signature.

teatri-rv M.y pticxtnv.

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