US1341575A - Bookbinding - Google Patents

Description

J. M. MYERS.

BOOKBINDING.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3,1915- '1,341,575, Patented May 25, 1920.

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E I I In Ven tor:

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JOHN M. MYERS,

BOUKBINDING.

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Application filed March 3, P15.

panying drawings, forming a part of the.

same.

T his invention relates to the art of bookbiuding, and the invention comprises a method wherein sheets from a loose-leaf temporary hinder or other sheets are bound in a back or clamping means of metal or other suitable material and the bound sheets then secured in a cover by securing the metal back to the back piece of the cover; and devices or means constructed and adapted for use in practising said method, and the resulting or complete article.

Among the ob ects of the invention may he noted the provision oi? an improved method oi and means for binding perinanentlv any iilesired number or? sheets of the so -called loose-leat type in such manner that any attempt to remove or insert leaves may be detected, notwithstanding the fact the t in certain embodiments of the invention the covers and back of the book or hinder a v be re ewed or r paired at will; the pro- "msnon of a method o nd means for bindin sheets \vlurreby the we area oi? the p is inininuzzcd without sacrificing either security or mocha; al istren gtli; the provision of a method and such that a suhsti cans for ljniiding sheets iully tull opening 0" boi'uid volume is pt tted to give ucciss to substz'zntially the entire sheet and such that when the heel: is open the sh vets lie sub stantially flat throughout almost tieir entire len 'thq and provision of a book bind- 511,; 311 which ere incorporated some or all of the above -n ion tione features. 7

Zltlflr objects w' i be in part obvious from the annened drawm and in part indicated in connection therewii i by the following description of this-invention.

Tl invention accordingly consists in the method and the features of construction, arrangement and combinations of parts as hereinafter described and specifically set forth in the claims.

1, til-A Specification of Letters Pa tent.

O13 "JVOODGLIFF LAKE, NEW JERSEY.

Patented May 25, 1920.

Serial No. 11,714.

A full understanding of the invention can best be given by a detailed description in connection ith dra ings illustrating an approved form of binding embodying the apparatus features of the such a description will now be given in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a perspective of a metal backplate, with certain parts secured thereto;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 2-2 of Fig. l;

Fig. 3 13 a longitudinal section on the line 3--i of Fig. 1;

Fig. iis a oerspective of a preferred form of rivet;

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of a completed binding withpart of the book broken away; and

Fig. 6 is an end elevation of the bound book, partly broken away.

In order that the various features of this invention may be readily understood in their relation. to the prior-art, it may be noted that for many years there has been a demand for means for binding together permanently sheets from loose leat binders, preserving); the exact order of the in the binding, and providing for detection of any unauthorized tampering with the sheets. Such permanent binders are useful,

for example, in binding for g iernianent reference a series of sheets or leaves which for ,CODVQIUGHCG have been kept in a temporary should be so designed and proportioned as to preclude the possibility of the unauthorized removal of sheets from the binder or other changes in the composition or arrangement of sheets without detection; and it is desirable that the side covers and back piece of the cover be replaceable without the necessity of disturbing the permanent relation invention, and

'the binder with its contained sheets or leaves without sacrificing the permanent construction of the sheet-securing devices.

As will be pointed out hereinafter, the method and apparatus or article of the present invention embody the above advantages, as well as other desirable features which will be obvious from the following consideration of the method and structure found preferable in actual practice.

'Referring now more particularly to the 'drawings there is illustrated at 1 a metal sheet holding back or binding piece whose length approximates the height of the leaves or sheets 2 to be bound which are shown in Figs. 5 and 6. This metal binding piece comprises a transversely curved central portion 3, to the concave side of which may be riveted or otherwise secured the threaded holding members or nuts 4 and the closures 5 hereinafter more fully described. The longitudinal edges of the binding piece 1 are flanged as at 6, and these flanges 6 are perforated at suitable intervals as indicated at 7, 7, to receive rivets 8 passing through a counter-sunk aperture 7 in one flange, then through perforations in the sheets 2 and finally through the adjacent aperture 7 in the other flange. The longitudinal edges of the flanges are beveled as indicated in Fig. 2,

. to'avoid cutting the adjacent sheets in assembling and in the use of the bound volume; As indicated in Fig. 2, the metal binding piece 1, as constructed has its flanges 6 diverging, and the piece is best -made of a metal of small elasticity such as I aluminum. When the sheet holding back or binding piece is to be applied to a set of sheets 2, the sheets are firstperforated, if

not already perforatech in order that'the rivets 8 may pass readily therethrough; the sheets may also be trimmed, and the outer edge of the set of sheets mayif desired be concaved as is customary in book-binding. The binding piece 1 is then fitted against the binding edge of the sheets, with the aper- "tures 7 registering with the perforations in the leaves 2. Next the flanges are pressed 'and bent together until they areapproxr mately parallel toeach other and press inwardly against the leaves. Then a rivet 8 is passed through each of the registering apertures in the flanges and leaves. One end of each rlvet has been previously headed as at 9; the other end of each rivet may now be flattened or otherwise deformed to hold of a sheet or insertion of a new sheet, or any change in the arrangement of the leaves-will obviously involve either the tearing of the leaves themselves or the mutilation of every one of the rivets 8, of which there are usually from two to four according to the size of the sheets and the mechanical strength required. And it will be noted that this permanence is attained by the use of the metal piece 1 and rivets 8 alone, whether or not these several parts are mounted in a cover as hereinafter indicated. It should be noted that features of the present inven tion are likewise applicable to devices in which a temporary locking of the sheets in the metal back is desired, and in such case, the rivets would be replaced by threaded posts or other suitable devices.

Ordinarily, the sheets so bound in the metal sheet holding back or binding piece will be mounted in a cover, to reduce the wear and tear on the leaves during handling and to facilitate the filing of the bound volumes with the leaves horizontal or vertical as may be found preferable. In other words, the structure thus far described provides a permanent binder, inexpensive, light, and durable; but it will usually be found preferable to utilize said structure in connection with a back cover and side covers of the materials used by book-binders, in order that the leaves may withstand the rough handling given to permanent records that are continually used for reference purers-board. A; layer 14 of canvas or other suitable. material extends covers 12 and 13 and over the inside'of the from the two back 11 so that it will be between the body of the back 11 and the metal binding piece 1, said canvas serving to join together the back of the book and the side covers 12 and 18 thereof. On the outside of the back and cover elements 11, 12, 13, is provided a covering layer 15 ofleather such as sheep-skin or-other desired material to serve the double purpose of improving the appearance of the book, and, with the layer 14, of holding the covers flexibly to the back. For additional strength an inner layer 16 of leather or canvas extending from the side covers about the back 11 may also be provided; and a stiffening piece or spring piece 17 of, for example, several layers of paper glued together such as is commonly used in heavy leather bindings is provided so that the bending or hinge line will be back near the edge of the back 11. From Figs. 5 and G With the construction thus far disclosed,

there would be left exposed to dust and dirt a portion of the book between the leaves 2 and the concave binding piece 1. This space is preferably closed at the top and bottom of the book, by means of the closures 5 hereinbefore described as being riveted to the inner or concave side of the binding piece 1. The closures 5 are located one at each end of the binding piece, and as shown are of sheet metal shaped to conform to and to overlap the curved ends of the binding piece on the one side, and to bear against the edges of the leaves 2 on the other side. Each closure has an inward extension or shank 18 by which the closure is carried and the inner end of which is secured to the metal back as by being riveted to one of the holding members or nuts 41. The closure will thus be free to move transversely to the back so that when the bound sheets with the metal binding piece are secured in the cover the closures will press tightly against the edges of the sheets and also against the inner surir'ace of the back of the cover, thus tightly closing the space between the sheets and the concave binding piece.

Reference to Fig. 5 will show that when the covers of the book are swung apart in opening the book, the covers separate from the leaves at a point between the back of the cover and the edge of the flange 6. This insures a maximum useful surface of the leaves themselves by minimizing the waste area of the leaves due to the binding con struction: that is, there is necessarily a certain width of each leaf unavailable for writ ing or reading, and this waste portion of the leaf extends from the binding edge to a point somewhat beyond the rivets 8. If the back of the book were rigid to a point beyond the edge of the holding flange 6, there would be a further waste portion of the sheet width; but by providing a construction in which the side covers swing open at a point between the rigid cover back 11 and the edge of the sheet clamping means, there is no leaf-area wasted other than the amount needed to allow the clamping means a firm hold upon the sheets and the sheets may be opened substantially flat over the greater part of their area. The advantages of this arrangement, over certain prior-art structures in which the waste area due to binding is increased by the cover-construction, will be apparent from a comparative examination of the several devices, without further elaboration here.

In attaching the binders-board back 11 to the binding piece 1, screws 19 may be used, extending through counter sunk holes in the board back, through the binding piece, and into the threaded apertures in the holding-members i. If the binding piece is of a material strong enough to withstand the strain of the screw-threads, the holding members 4 may be omitted, but it has been found preferable to make the metal bearing piece 1 comparatively thin and of a lightweight material such as sheet aluminum, so that it does not have the desired mechanical strength for retaining the screws 19 in place. The heads of the screws 19 may be concealed as by a strip or strips of leather, such as the covering layer 15 which may bear the title of the book.

The method and structure of this invention have been outlined with especial reference to a permanent binding for loose-leaf sheets. It will be apparent, however, that the invention is equally applicable to a binder for sheets that have not been first used in a loose-leaf system; and in fact, many if not all of the advantageous features of this invention will be attained in binding sheets of any type, and in boolebinding generally.

What is claimed is:

1. The method of binding sheets which comprises inserting the back edges of a set of sheets between the flanges of a metal binding piece having outwardly flaring side flanges, pressing and bending said flanges toward and against the sheets to clamp the sheets together, passing rivets through said 3. A book having a binding comprising in combination a metal sheet-holding back flanged longitudinally, said back extending over the binding edge of a set of sheets, means for securing the sheets permanently in said sheet-holding back, an outside cover comprising a binders-board back and a side cover hinged thereto, means for securing the back of the outside cover to the sheetholding back and means for rendering said. securing means inaccessible after the book is completed without mutilating the book.

1. A binding comprising in combination means for holding together permanently a set of sheets, a board-back cone ved toward the sheets, means for securing the back to said first means, and closures mounted upon said first means for closing the spaces at the top and bottom of the book between the back and the bound edges of the sheets.

5. A book having a binding comprising in combination a metal sheet-holding back formed with flanges extending longitudi' nally, said back having between the flanges the binding edge of a set of sheets and being concaved in the direction of the sheets thus received, means for permanently securing the sheets between the flanges of the sheetholding back with the flanges pressing against the sheets, a cover-back of suitable material, means for securing the cover-back to. the sheet-holding back, and side covers hinged to said cover back independently of the sheet-holding back.

6. A book having binding comprising in combination means for permanently holding together a set of sheets, a rigid back concaved toward the sheets, means comprising screws for securing the back to said first means, and means comprising a sheet of material pasted over the heads of the screws to conceal them and prevent undetected tampering with said screws.

7. A book having a binding comprising in combination a metal sheet holding back flanged to receive a set of sheets between the flanged portions and concaved toward the sheets thus received, rivets passing through perforations in sald flanged portions and through registering perforations in the sheets and upset or deformed to secure the sheets permanently to the metal back, and

closures for closing the spacesbetween the bound edges of the sheets and the concave part of the metal back at the top and bottom of the sheets.

8. A. book havlng a bmding comprising in combination a metal sheet holding back.

flanged to receive a set of sheets between the flanged portions and concaved toward the sheets thus received, rivets passing through perforations in said flanged portions and through. registering perforations in the sheets .and upset or deformed to secure the shoe s permanently to the metal back, and closures for closing the spaces between the hound edges of the sheets and the concave part of the metal back at the top flanged portions and concaved toward the sheets thus received, means for holding said flanged portions unyieldingly against the sheets and for holding the sheets in the metal back, a cover comprising a back piece and side covers extending therefrom, the back piece of the cover being secured to said sheetholding back, and end closures secured to said sheet-holding back and formed to press against the bound edges of the sheets and against the inner surface of said back piece.

10. A book having a binding comprising in combination a gripping device positively securing together a set of sheets, a back removably fastened to the gripping device and terminating at a line back of the forward limits of the gripping device, and side covers each hinged-to said back to swing about a pivotal line behind the forward edges of the gripping device.

11. A book having a binding comprising in combination a metal binding piece provided with flanges which extend over the binding edge of the sheets, means comprising members extending through the sheets and through said flanges and holding the flanges pressed against the sheets to secure the sheets together andto said binding piece, a back secured to the binding piece between its flanges, and side covers hinged to the back to open and shut about lines between the bound edges of the sheets and the edges of the flanges.

12. A book having a binding comprising in combination a rigid binding piece formed with flanges extending longitudinally, said binding piece having a set of sheets between the flanges, holding members passing through perforations in the sheets and through registering perforations in said flanges to secure the sheets together and to the binding piece, a rigid back secured to the binding piece, and side covers hinged to said rigid back, said back and side covers being detachable from said binding piece and the sheets locked therein.

' 13. A binding back formed of a sheet of stiff, bendable and relatively non-elastic metal shaped with edge flanges forming clamping members, said flanges diverging to permit the edges" of the leaves to be bound to be inserted between them and being adapted to be pressed and bent toward each other to clamp the sheets between them, and said flanges having registering openings therein to receive holding members to be passed through the sheets and to have holding engagement with the flanges.

14. A binding back formed of a sheet of metal shaped with edge flanges forming clamping members, said flanges diverging to permit the edges of the leaves to be bound to be inserted between them and being adapted to be pressed and bent toward each said 'Iihmges having registering openings therein to receive holding members to be passed through the sheets and to have holding engagement with the flanges, the longitudinal edges of said flanges being beveled outwardly to avoid cutting the sheets against which they bear.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand 1n the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

J OHN M. MYERS. Witnesses:

A. L. KENT, PAUL H. FRANKE.

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