US1341282A - Magneto for irregular ignition - Google Patents

Description

anglef-Which in the ease of two planes is vley the Vnumber' of cylinders.

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Be it known'tha't l, Leon W, lflesnn'iinin a citizen of the United Stal-es'AS residing a" 106 Central Park West New Yorl City, in the county of New lork, Statue oi lil'eiv York, have invented certain new and use* ful Improvements in Magnetos for irregular Ignition; and l Clo herebj)7 declare the following to Vbe a fulhelear, and exact elesoription of lthe invention; such will enable otherssl-illedin the art te which :ippertains to Ineke and use the sanie.

The present invention relates to' inegnetoe of the sleeve type for igniting combustible mixtures `in ,internal combustion engines irregular intervals.7 that is at unequal angles of rotation.

Air plane engines are now made with 8 to 18 cylinders in V or fen arrangement with ythe two. or three planes of cylinders spaced apart diiierently than the usuel 900 for 8 cylinders, 6091201 1.2 cylindersa or in general., is equal to 360 or '720 divided @ther airplane engines have their cylinders arranged in one lor two circular series. ln soin-e el? such engines, the departure from the usuel spacing necessitates ignition at irregular intervals; for instance,v an engine at present in use has 12 cylinders arrengecl .in tivo planes on a 450 V .and requires ignition ae o, 45, T5", 45, and so on, inns-innen as 'le explosions occur in Cylinders of 'the mvo planes alternately.

Furthermore, the large number of evlinders, or the high speed oi" rotatifl 'the engine7 or both, neoessitae such exc I.sively rapicl sparking that when e niegneie is useflit should produce more llrfin yClie nwe .sparks perrotation given by erriinary bipolar magneto, hee-euse the speed. el

magneto Would otherwise be too high.

The primary object of my invention. is te provide a magneto which meets the forewa-v ing requirements, and is, therefm'e,4 interne.t edl forv association with an iniernal bustion'engine of the v, Flauw9 cir other type having many eylinrle 'hating at high speed, er lie-'th power strokes occur er, f* ancl ordinarily recurin? vals, that is extensies r electroniagnetic spari; plu@ .frente are produced ai the esi-tenen,

successively unequal but alternet.

.in eecerclanee with the ini/'enne ture is iixerl in a position elisnler (l from its neutral j )ositien7 *l t is'in ne, p uen rlisplacerlli'roin the position at which ne ture poles are symmetrically disposed e iield inteipolar epee so than in 't` displaced position, Lhe 't 4" armature peles angles from 'the 'trailing1 poles. Ey making these ne ,ual angles suite stantially 'the saine asL the irregular intervals oi ignition, the magnetic linx iiowing from. the field magnet through. the gew erating Winrling mounted on lie arrnaixure or otherwise, as iflesirerl, is then altered by the iagnei-io members of the sleeve; and by simultaneously altering the circuii ei? the generating' Winrling by suitable means such as the mechanical interrupter on n by ignition eur- .irregular inter vals and may he distributed .to the eparli plugs in the cylinders of the engine by a elistributer having suitably arranged coritacts connected. te the electrodes th Preferably., the armature poles paf i lap the iielfl poles anrl'ilie spens el and the magneiic ineinhers ef the Q relative extent that the reverse-l el tliroimli armature is coin `letcd. in a eoniparetiiv 'lull ei riL-tatir S l. have (lisse e-reil that? notwitheta.; f the displacement or" the ar neutral pesten and. the overlap of the ipielcl armature po l fig nerateu f llista y yil to a j speed in Lien er rotetion, anc!` 'that the -gtli of the field magnet is ov erehy enel (loes not wea-lien more than ordina in he r prese t section i rnein i' 'half 'the difference ltrailing tips of the-armature and shown diagrammatically ing the mechanical interruptor and the distributer .associated with the magneto; and Figs. 4l to 7 illustrate the position of the rotatable sleevev at the 'four successive ignition periods.

The magnetic circuit of the magneto includes a stationary permanent magnet 1 with symmetrical poles 2 and an armature With symmetrical poles 3 connected b y the cross bar l-f The armature is displaced from its neutral position by an .angle equal tov between 'the adjacent irregularv intervals, lin this case by 22.50,- so that the trailing tips of the oarmature poles are separated from the ytrailing tips ofthe field poles byangles of '67.50 and 112.50. ln general, the angulary separation of the l field poles is substantially equal to the irregular intervals of firing of the engine, multiplied by the' ratio of the magneto speed lto the engine crank shaft speed, or, in this case, to i150 times 15, and 75 times 19g, respectively.

' Themagnetic sleeve has tivo iron members 5 vmagnetically separated' from each other and held in position by the brass end plates 6, 7. These members have a like .span of about 95 and are arranged to simultane- .ously bridge the field interpolar spaces and to later simultaneously bridge the armature interpolar spaces, each ofivhich is substantially 90o in angular extent. 1 v- The 'shafts 8, 9 of the sleeve are supported in ball bearings 10, 11, carried by they supporting members 12, 13 which are secured to the base plate of a magneto.. The shafts 14, 15 of 'they armature are mounted .in ball bearings .16,l 17 carried in enlarged recesses of the two shafts of the sleeve. The shaft 1a extends through and beyond the hollow shaft 8 and carries a collar 18 fast with it and with stationary member i9 to secure the armature against rotation.

The magnetic sleeve' is rotated in its bear-- ings by the size to be driven from the crank shaft of the engine at the required speed. ratio. As in Fig. one terminal. of the primary-turns 21 of thev generating Winding is conneotedxto one terminal of the secondary turns 22 of the generating Winding `and thence 'to the stationary insulated element 23 of themechanical interrupter. The other terminal of the primary of the secondary turns is grounded, While the other terminal turns is connected to the rotatable brush 2e of the distributor, which is driven by the gea-rs 26, at the required speed of rotation, in this case at one-third the speed of? the sleeve.

The lcam memb Jr of the mechanical interrupter is fast with the sleeve and has four cams 27 spaced apart 67.5", 112.50-, 67.5, and 112.50 to deliect the grounded, movable element of the mechanical interrnpter.

. periody of gear 2G, -Which-is ofproper the field poles by and thereby interrupt the 'primary turns of the genera ing winding at the irregular intervals of ignition. at those intervals, the distrilniter brush 241 engages the spark plug distributing contacts 9G which are corre-- spondingly irregularly spaced to conduct K the ignition currents from thegenerating Winding to the insulated .terminals of the spark plugs 30 in the engine cylinders.

The position of the sleeve members at. the four irregular intervals ofignition is illustrated diagrammatically in Figs. el to 7. ln Fig.` el, the ltrailing of the sleeve are' leaving the trailing tips of the armature poles 3, thereby substantially interrupting the magnetic flux` flowingthrough the cross bar 4l and therefore in the generating winding mounted thereon. Almost directly'after that moment the magnetic fluxl is established through the armature in the opposite direction, the flux thus'being reversed through the armature in a small angle of rotationof the sleeve. At 67.50 later in the rotation, the trailing tips 'of the sleeve members leave the trailing tips of the field poles 2, as shown inV Fig. 5, and almostdirectly magneticliuX isestablished in the opposite direction through-the armature'. At 112.50 after the second .period ofignition, or 180O after the first7 the trailing tips of the sleeve members a again leave the trailing tips ot' the armature poles Q, as shown in Fig. 6; and at 67.50 later, or 18()O fromthe second ignition, those tips leave the trailing tips of the field poles, as shown in Fig. 7. At each of these ignition periods, viz., at

O, 67.5", 1800 and 247.59 from the position 'i of thesleeve shown in Fig. 4, the mechanical interrupter opens the circuit of the primary .turns 'and the distributor brush engages -a spark plug distributing contact to conduct to the spark plug connected thereto the ignition current then produced in the generating -Winding.

`Having thus 'described my invention what l claim is 1. In a, magneto for ignition at irregular' intervals, 'a field magnet having poles, an armature having poles partly overlapping the field poles, a magnetic sleeve rotatable in the air gap between the field and armature poles,'a generating Winding, and means for altering the circuit of the generating Windl ing at theirregular intervals determined by the trailing vtips of the field and armature poles'.

2. In a magneto for ignition; at recurring irregular intervals, afield magnet having poles. an armature having polesoverlapping half the angular differu ence between the adjacent ones of saidl intervals, a magnetic sleeve rotatable in 'the air gap between the field and armature pole-s, gemgerating Winding, and means for altertipscf thev members 5- after that moment, the.

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