US1264931A - Magneto. - Google Patents

Description

0. HEINS L C. M.v WILD@ MAGNETO.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 27. I9I5.

A TTOHNE YS 0. HEINS & C. 'M. WILD.

MAGNETO.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 21.19I 5.`

'Patented May 7,1918.

3 mam-SHEET 2.

CCCCCCC E UNITED STATES PATENT 'orrron oTTo HEINs, or NEW YORK, N. Y., AND CHARLES M. WILD, orsrnINGFIELn, MASSA- SHUSETTS, AssIGNoRs To noscH MAGNETO COMPANY, or NEW Yoan, N. Y., A

CORPORATION 4Oll" NEW YORK.

MAGNETO.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application sied December 27, 1,915. serial No. 68,841.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that we, OTTO Heins, a sub- ,Y

York, and CHARLES M. WILD, a subject of l the VEmperor of Germany,- residing at Springfield, county of Hampden, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magnetos; and we d o hereby declare the following to be a fullfclear, and exact description of the in-l vention, such as will enable others skilled in the art'to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The customary bipolar magneto producing two ignition voltages per rotation is unsatisfactory in electric ignition systems for high-speed four-cycle4 internal combustion engines operatingat 2500 to 3500 R. P. M., and having ouror six cylinders, and also for eight and twelve cylinder four-cycle engines operating at low speed. 'This is due to the fact that the centrifugal force acting on the deilecting interrupter element some- ,times causes the magneto to miss, and also to the fact that the magneto gearing operates unsatisfactorily at the high speed.

The present inven'tion relates to a magneto of novel form wherein a bipolar armature cooperates Vwith a four pole field mem.-

ber to produce four ignition voltages per rotation, and in the preferred Vconsinuction within our invention, the armature is of the ordinary shuttle form, whereas the field member is composed of two permanent magnets of horse-shoe formV arranged side by side along the axis of rotation of the armature, and having pole's disposed on quarat each ,period lof i tered diameters embracing separate axial l portions of the armature. This magneto may be mounted directly on the crankshaft of an eight cylinder four-cycle engineand thereby eliminate the magneto gearlng andoperate at engine speed, .or it'may be driven through appropriate speed change gearing from an engine having six, twelve, or other, number of cylinders. -In order that the` disl tributing gearing, also may be eliminated,

the distributer lfor the magneto may be of the 'type in which lsparks are produced` .sii multaneously at two spark plugs '1n serles.y

ition, as will appear hereinafter, althoug if desired, the Idis'- tributermaybe of the ordinary driven Patentea'May 7, 1918.

Fig. 3 is a section on line 3 3 of Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the magneto partly broken away;

Fig. 5 is a front view of the mechanical interrupter; and l Fig. 6 is a wiring diagram.

The armature core lis of the'- ordinary shuttle type having-a cross bar 1 connecting two polar projections 2, and is mounted for rotation in the bearings 3. The core is provided with a primary wiriding 4 and 'a secondary windin 5. .Y

The eld member i s stationary and is composed of two permanent magnets 6 and 7 of horse-shoe form, arranged side by side along the axisof rotation of the armature, as shown. -It will be observe that in each magnet one arm is shorter t an the other, the short armof the magnet 6 bein on the same side of the magneto as the ong arm 7 and the short arm 7 of the magnet 7 being on the 'other side of the magneto with the long arm. The magnet 6 is provided with dianietrically-disposed pole Shoes 8 and 8 arranged at right angles to the diametrical line of the-pole shoes 9 and 9, both diameters lying midway between` th vertical and the horizontal planes contaiiiing the axis ofrotation, as indicated by tliebroken lines in Figs. 2 and 3. It will also 'befobserved thatthe magnet l(i and its pole shoes 8 and 8 are wider measured alongthe axis of rotation@ an the magnet 7 and its pole shoes 9 an The adjacent magnet arms 6"and'71are of'one p0'- larity, say n01th,'while the/) adjacent mags net arms 6" 7 are of the other polarity. Thus, each ar' ature pole extending axially into cooperation' with both magnets 6 and 7 encounters in each rotationl two pole shoes of` one polarity, and then two` pole shoes of n the opposite polarity.

The mechanical interrupter for periodically interrupting the vcircui of the primary winding A4 comprises the grounded' inter rupter element 10 and the insulated element 10', both mounted for rotation with the armature, and the four equally spaced interrupter cams 11 carried by a normally stationary cam ring 12 provided in the Well known way with a lever 25 for adjusting at will the circumferential position of the cam ring to advance or retard the period of ignition throughout the timing range. One terminal of the primary winding 4 is con-v nected to the insulated interrupter element 10', and the other terminal is grounded on the armature core. The coil condenser 13 is mounted fast with the armature core and is electrically connected between' the insulated interrupter element 10 and the armature core, the brush 1a engaging the brass sleeve 15 around the condenser to electrically connect the armature core directly to the field frame,

The two terminals of the secondary winding arev connected respectively to the distributer segments 16 and 16, which are embedded in the two insulating rings 17 and 17 at diametrically-disposed places. The distributer segments 16 and 16are carried by the armature for rotation therewith and successively engage the two stationary series of spring-pressed brushes 18 and 18, ywhich are individually con'nected to the insulated electrodes of the spark plugs.

The magneto shown may be driven directly from the crank shaft of an eight cylinder four-cycle engine. A11 ignition voltage is generated in the secondary winding 5 in each period that thepolar projections 2 of the armature core bridge the spaces between the pole shoes of each magnet 6 and 7, the mechanical interrupter being opened at the time by reason of the engagement between a cam 11 and the deflecting interrupter element 10. Inasmuch as the pole shoes of the two magnets 6 and 7 are disposed on diametrical lines Aat 90 degrees to each other, each polar projection 2 will, durigeach rotation of the armature, first bridge a space between the pole shoes of one magnet, then a space between the pole shoes of the other magnet, then a space between the pole shoes of the vfirst magnet at 180 degrees from the first position, and finally bridge a space between the pole shoes of the second magnet at 180 degrees from the second position, each of these positions occurring at intervals of 90 degrees around the circle. In each position in which a partv of the polar proj ections 2 of the armature core bridge the spaces between the pole shoes of one magnet, the other part of the polar projections register with the pole shoes of the other magnet. The ignition voltage generated at that time in the armature results from the simultaneous interruption of the primary circuit at the interruper contacts and the diversion of t-hc magnetic Hnx of one magwhat we claim is:

net from its prior path through the polar proj ectlons 2 and the cross bar 1 of the armature to the path across the polar projections alone, the time rate of change of' the magnetic flux interlinking with the primary winding et. being suiicient to generate a satisfa-ctory ignition voltage in the secondary winding 5. The magnetic flux from the other magnet does not materially affect the ignition voltage generated at that time because its path through the remaining part of the polar project-ions 2 and the cross bar 1 remains substantially unchanged. In order to prevent the passage of magnetic flux from one to the other magnet, it is preferable, though not essential, to magnetically insulate that part of the armature core which cooperates with the pole shoes of one magnet from the remaining part of the armature core which coperates with the pole shoes of the other magnet, as, for instance, by means of the I-shaped member 19 of brass, and also toA magnetically insulate the two. sets of pole shoes from each other and the two magnets from each other by the member 20 of aluminunr The base 21, together with the side plate 22 and the side plate 23 -carrying the distributer brush housing 24,

are of non-magnetic metal, as aluminum.

The magnet 6 and its pole shoes 8 and 8, extend from the brass member 19, which at the center of the armature core, t substantially the outer end of' the brass sleeve 15, and thus thismagnet 6 and its pole shoes 8 and 8 are wider than the magnet 'T and its pole shoes 9 and 9, which extend along substantially one-half of the axial length of the armature core, that is, from the central brass member 19 to the other end of the core. In this Way, a nice mechanical design is attained, and the four ignition voltages generated in each rotation are substantially of equal value throughout the entire timing range with the proportions herein shown between the magnets 6 and 7. Having thus described our invention,

ilo

1. In a magneto for electric ignition systems, a rotatable bipolar armature with polar projections, and a four-pole field melnber composed of two permanent magnets` having poles embracing different axial parts of the armature, the polar projections of l the armature being designed to bridge the spaces between the poles of a single one of the magnets at a time.

2. In a` magneto for electric ignition sys tems, a rotatable bipolar armature with polar projections. and a four-pole field member composed of ytwo permanent magnets having poles embracing di'erent axial parts of the armature, the polar projections of the armature being designed to bridge the spaces between the poles of a single one of' the magnets at intervals of 90 degrees.

3. .In a magneto for electric ignition systems, a rotatable bipolar armature with polar proj ections,' andl a four-pole field member 'composed of twopermanent magnets hayi-ng poles embracing dierent axial parts ofi-'the' armature, one axial part ofthe polar proyections being designed to bridge the spaces between the poles yof one of the magnets while the lother axial part thereofV simultaneously registers wit the poles of' the other magnet.

et. In a magneto for electric ignition systems, a rotatable arma-ture yofshuttle form, and a four-pole eld'member composed of two permanent magnets each having poles embracing aditferent axial part of the armature.

5. In a magneto for electric ignition systems, a rotatable bipolar armature of shuttle form, and a four-pole iield member composed of two horse-shoe magnetseach having" pole shoes disposed ona diameter at right angles to that 'of the pole shoes of the other magnet and embracing a different -axial part of the armature. Y

6. In a magneto for electric ignition systems, a rotatable amature, and a four-pole field member composed of two horse-slice magnets arranged side by side along the armature and having poles embracing different axial parts thereof.

7. In a magneto for electric ignition systems, a rotatable armature, and a four-pole field member composedof two horse-shoe magnets. arranged sideby side along the armature, each magnet having poles disposed on adiameter at right anglesto that of the 'poles of the other magnet; v

8. In amagneto for electric .ignition systems, a rotatable armature, and a four-pole field member composed of two horse-shoe magnets arranged side by side along lthe armature, each-magnet having poles disposed-on a'diameter atright angles to that of the poles of' the'other magnet and intermediate of the horizontal and vertical planes t containing ythe axis of rotation.

y 9. In a magnetoior electric ignition systems7 arotatable armature, andra four-pole lield member composed of two horse-shoe -magnets arranged-'side by side alongthe armature, each magnet having a long arm and a short arm. so arranged' that the poles of one magnet are disposed on a diameter at 1Q. In a magneto for electric ignition vsystenis, a rotatable armature,v a condenser fast toff-thearmature at one end thereof, and a "four-.pole field member composed, of twol 11. In a magneto for electric lignition systems, a rotatable armature having-two axial parts magnetically insulated" .from eachnl 55 right anglesto the poles of the other magnet.

ofA

having poles embracing the respective parts of the armature.

12. In a magneto for electric ignition'systems, a rotatable armature, anda four-pole eld member therefor composed of two permanent magnets having poles embracing different axial parts of the armature, the two magnets beingmagnetically insulated from each other. l

13. In a magnetofor' electric ignition systems, a rotatable armature, and a four-pole field member therefor composed of two permanent magnets arranged side by side and having poles embracing different axial parts of the `armaturekand a spacing member of non-magnetic material arranged betweenthe magnets to magnetically insulate them from each other.

14. In a magneto for electric ignition systems, a rotatablearmature, and a four-pole field member therefor composed of permanent magnets producing two poles of one polarity followed by two poles of the opposite polarity. r

15.' In a magneto for electric ignition systems, a rotatable armature. and a four-pole field member therefor Vhaving permanent magnets with poles embracing different axial parts of the armature and producing two poles of one polarity followed by two poles of ,the opposite polarity.

Y ranged side by side along the armature withI .magnet arms of like polarity'adjacent each other.l

17. In amagneto' for electric ignition systems',v an armature core, a.- four-pole field member composed oftwo permanent magnets each having poles embracing a different axial part of the arma-ture core, and a generating winding mounted on t-he armature core in coperation with the poles of.`both magnets.

18.. In a magneto for electric 1gn1t1on systems an armature'core, a four-pole field mem er composed of two permanent magnets -each having `poles embracing a different' axial part of the armature core, and a generating winding embracing 'Y the armature core in coperation wlth the poleso-both magnets. y

. 19. The combination with a magneto hav- 'ing a rotatable'armature with prlmaryand secondary windings, and a field member co-`- operative with the armature to produce four ignition voltages per rotation, of 'spark plug distributing segments connected to the re.-

spective terminals vofthe. secondary winding` and carried by the armature;-atfaxlallyxseparated places.

20. The combination with a magneto having a rotatable armature with primary and secondary windings, and a field member cooperative with' the armature to produce four 5 ignition voltages per rotation, of distributing mechanism comprising two segments connected to the respective terminals of the secondary winding. and carried by the armature at separated axial places, and eight stationary spark plug distributing brushes ar- 10 ranged in two circular Sets coperative with the segments.

In testimony whereof we aix our signa tures.

OTT@ HEINS. CHARLES ,M AWILD..

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