US1256796A - Multipolar magneto. - Google Patents

Description

O. HEINS.

MULTIPOLAR MAGNETO.- APPLICATIbN FILED DEC.24.1915.

1 ,256,796. Patented Feb. 19, 1918.

3 SHEETSSHEET h ATTORNEYS O. HEINS.

MULTIPOLAR MAGNET).

APPLICATION FILED 020.24.19l5.

1,256,796. Patented Feb. 19,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2' A T TORNE VS 0. HEINS.

MULTIPOLAR MAGNETO. APPLICATION H LEDDEC-M. 1915.

1,256,796. Patented Feb. 19, 1918..

3 SHEETS-SHEET a.

ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES A rnruur onnrcn QTTC) HEINS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOB TO .BQEGH MAGFETQ CGMPANY, l

YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW "356E351 MULTIPOLAR MAGNETS.

Application filed December 534 1915}.

b all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Orro HnINs, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at and whose post-oilice address is 336 5 West 88th street, New York city, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Multipolar Magnetos; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the .s customary heretofore to use bipolar os 3 igf ing the combustion mixaernal combustion engines and err nt was satisfactory for the engines operating at ordieed, oecause the magneto and the n .Lcrefor operated Well at crankv .t speed for four cylinders and at one id one hsli times crank shaft speed for six cy odors. However, for eight or twelve der engines requiring a speed for a hipolar magneto of two or three times crank haft speed, and also for high speed engines i cylinders operating at 2500 to 1 the operation of the gearing satisfactory and the magneto 3 miss on account of centrifon the rotatableelements nterrupter. vn". cntion is directed to a J magneto, that is, one in which and field have four or more and the object is provide a .o of small size capable of being attucced to an engine for actuation thereby at comparatively low speed, the arrangement 7 :ch that any number of poles may provided without departing from the 'al design. Such a magneto may be to directly by the crank shaft of the g e, thus eliminating magneto gearing, and distributing mechanism for distributas log the sparking voltages generated in the secondary winding may be carried by the stable member of the magneto and thereelin'iinate the distributing gearing also. My copending-United States application 50 filed on even date herewith discloses a multi: polar magneto having a field member comi of a continuous series of permanent oi" U-form, whereas in the preferred accordance with ,the in'vern he subject matter of this ap- Specification of Letters Patent,

Patented Fehn 3 5i, Serial 160. 68,5

plication, the field member is composed of a plurality or bar magnets magnetically connected to pole pieces. Either the ture or the field may be rotated to generate periodically reversing voltage in the pri mary windin r, and the mechanical interrupter is electrically connected to the winding to alter the circuit thereof at appropri ate periods. Preferably, the armature poles are Wound with secondary windings also, so that high tension voltage suitable for pro ducing sparks at spark gaps of jumpsparlit plugs may be generated directly in the magneto.

ln the accompanying drawings illustrao ing tl preferred construction in application a sin pole magneto for a twelve-cylinder four-cycle engine, wherein, as an example,

' the armature is rotatable and the distributor brushes are carried t iereby,

Figure 1 1s a longitudinal magneto on line ll of F 1g. 2;

Fig. 2 15 a vertical section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig, 3 represents development in plan of the field member;

l rg, 4% is an end elevation of the magneto he cover of the mechanical interrupts" section of the form arranged in three circularly efctending series I, ll, magnetically insulated from each other by being spaced apart. T he magnets of each series are alternatelyrcversed so that adjacent ends of the magnets in the same series are of the same polarity, 7 representing the poles of one sense, say north, and 7 representing the poles of the opposite sense. (See Fig The pole pieces 8 and 8, of soft iron, magnetically connect the adjacent ends 7 and 7, respectively, of the magnets, and form a continuous series of six equally spaced poles of alternating polarity throughout and cooperative with the armature poles 3. The pole pieces extend across the three series of lets, I, II, III, and each pole piece sued to to reduce the tendency of the magnetic fiux to pass around the field member without entering the armature, the adjacent ends of the magnets are separated and the rear faces of the pole pieces 8 and 8 are recessed between the ends. In this way, a multipolar permanent magnet field of much magnetic strength is obtained in a small space, while the leakage and divergence of the flux from the armature is reduced.

The side plates 9 of non-magnetic mate rial, such as aluminum, abut the side facesof the outer series I and III of the magnets and are clamped thereto by cross bolts 10 which pass between the pole pieces. Each of the pole pieces is fastened by the screws 11 to the proper magnets at the ends thereof, so that when the nuts on the ends of the cross bolts are screwed home, the entire field member is held rigidly in position relatively to the shaft 1, as a result of the fact that the side plates are rigid with the shaft bearings 12. The magneto is provided with a base or stand 13 depending from the side plates, and a strap let of non-magnetic material encircles the magnets. 'The magneto shown in the drawing is about seven inches in diameter.

The mechanical interrupter for periodically interrupting the circuit of the primary winding 4: comprises the grounded interrupte; element 15 and the insulated element 15, mounted for rotation with the armature, and the six equallyspaced interrupter cams 16 carried by a normally stationary cam ring 17 provided in the well known way with means (not shown) for adjusting at will its circumferential position to advance or retard the period of ignition. The six primary coils e are connected in series, one terminal being connected to the interrupter element 15 and the other terminal being grounded. A coil condenser 18 is mounted fast on the shaft 1, and is connected between the insulated interrupter element and the ground.

The six secondary coils 5 are connected in series and the two insulated'terminals are connected respectively to the two springpressed distributer brushes 19 and 19, which are carried by the armature for rotation therewith; There a series of spark plug distributing -:ontacts 20 and 20 at each end of the armature cooperative with the indiin the individual cylinders, as shown in Fig. 5. As in ordinary bipolar magnetos for ignition systems, an ignition voltage is generated substantially in the period in which the armature poles bridge the spaces between adjacent field poles, the circuit of the .primary winding being opened by the mechanical interrupter at the moment of ignition as a result of engagement between the deflecting interrupter lever 15 and a cam 16. In each rotation of the magneto herein shown, this occurs six times, and accordingly six ignition voltages are generated in the secondary winding. During each period of ignition, the distributing brushes 19 and 19 engage two spark- plug distributing contacts 20 and 20, and the sparks occur simul taneously at the two spark plugs connected in series with the secondary winding at that time, the arrangement being such that the piston of one of the cylinders in which a spark occurs is in the explosion stroke, while the piston of the other cylinder is in its exhaust stroke.

It will be apparent from the foregoing, that a magneto of the same general design may be provided with 4, 8, 12 or other suitable number of poles, and, if desired, the magneto may be driven by the engine through speed change gearing, the number of poles being properly selected to furnish ignition voltages at appropriate periods. It will also be apparent that, if desired, the type of magneto herein disclosed may be associated with distributing mechanism of the ordinary kind driven from the magneto through two to one speed reducing gearing for four-cycle engines.

What I claim is:

1. In a multipolar magneto for electric ignition systems, an armature having a generating winding, a mechanical interrupter electrically connected to the generating winding, and a field member composed of a series of pole pieces coope'ating with the armature and a plurality of series of alternately-reversed bar magnets of arcnate form magnetically connected to the pole pieces, the magnets of one series overlapping the magnets of another series: substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a multipolar magneto for electric ignition systems, an armature having a gen- .erating winding, a mechanical interrupter electrically connected to the generating ri s-sexes Winding, and c. fielcl nether composeri of 21 series of pole pieces ct inst-sting with the or iziti-zire and e plurality of oil sltcroll bar mag srcucte form in cterl l e pole pieces,

being connectezi to pole pieces sepa o from each 0t we in the series by at least one other pole piece; substantially as and for the purpose rlescrioeci,

3. In s multipolsr magneto electric 'gnit on systems an armature having a. gen

omig Winding a mechanical interrupter c icolly connecteel to the generating c field member cornposecl of :1

- "ooperotihg' with the y series of alter ries of magnets oi ercuste form wherein each series is composed of two alternately reve *sed magnets magnetically connected to opposite pole pieces and magnetically insulated from the remaining pole pieces.

5. In a 1Yl11ltl150lr magneto for electric ignition systems, on armature, and s field member composed of a continuous series of pole pieces cooperating with the armature and e plurality of insgneticsliyinsulstetl of her magnets, the magnets being tilternstely-reversed; and overlapping the magnets eta difterent series, and the magnets of the different series being magnetically connected to diticrent pole pieces in such manner as to give them alternating polarity throughout. 6. In a multipolar magneto for electric ignition systems, an armature having rm chilly-disposed poles, and a ring field memher composed of a continuous series of pole pieces cooperative with the armature poles and a plurality of magneticslly-insulsted series of CllCUlilllY-EXtQlldlHg bar magnets, the magnets of each series being t rnately -reversed and overlapping those of another se ries, and the magnets of the dili'erent series being magnetically connected to different pole pieces in such manner asvto give them alternating polarity throughout.

7. In a uuiltipolar magneto for electric ignition systems, an armature, and s field member therefor having a plurality of series of circularly-ester]ding barmegncts incl as continuous series of pole pieces coo-per sting with the ("irmzrture the magnets of anal a con .nuous series of I v". i l 4 ignecs or m cuete lolrn each being-alternstely-reversc6., anti the curls of each her magnet hci magnetically connected to those poic pieces which ere separated from each other by other pole pieces for the purpose clcscriheCL- Q 8. In it niultipolar magneto for electric ignition systems, an armature ineroher hzu ing projecting poles Wound with primary and secondary windings, e incchzinics. interrupter electrically connected to the primer whirling, and it held member having a phrrclity of magnetically insulated series of ternetely-reversecl magnets of exfol ate torn pole pieces each. magnetically connecting the magnets of lecterl series so as to cltcriiste in pole throughout the series.

.ln multipolcr magneto ignition systems on armature nierot projecting poles Wo cl with. and. seconclcry Winrlings, s niechc te .Jupter electrically connected. insry Winding incl 2;; lielcl iiiemhe plurality of magnetically insu. of altersstclyreversed magnets of hate form wherein the magnets of one series over lap the magnets of another series, micl so tinuous series of pole pieces msgiieticeliy connected to the magnets so as to alternate in polarity throughout the series.

10. In a. inultipolar magneto for electric ignition systems, on armature sn'tl fiehi member therefor having e plurality of se ries of alternately-reversed magnets of custe form and series of pole pieces tending across the magnets and niegneti czilly connecting certain of the magnets so as to alternate in polarity throughout the series, the magnets of each being or ranged end to end and the rec feces the pole pieces being recessed; between the eel jsccnt ends of the magnets to which they are connected.

11. In a inultipolar magneto ignition systems, an srnisturc member therefor having a pluralit Y of series oi? alternately-reversed magnets of srcustc form and it series of pole ieccs extenoling across the magnets in cooperation s ith the armature, each of said pole pieces magnetically connecting the edjziccnt encls of certrain magnets and being magne ically insulated from the other magnets so es to at for electric 'ternate in polarity throughout the 12, In c inultipoior magneto for electric ignition systems, an armature, and s field. member therefor having a plurality of series of alternately-reversed magnets of srculate form and pole pieces extending across the magnets in cooperation with the ernmture and magnetically connecting adjacent encls of certain magnets, each of said -pole pieces being recessed between the adjacent ones of those magnets to which it is magnetically seized and) also being recesses ocposite anal e field the other magnets so as to be insulated therefrom.

13. In a multipolar magneto for electric ignition systems, an armature, and a field member therefor having three series of-alternately-rerersed magnets of areuate form wherein the magnets of each series overlap the magnets of the other two series, and six pole pieces extending across the magnets in cooperation with the armature, each of said 10 remainin series so as to be ma neticall in- 15 sulated therefrom.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

OTTO HEINS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patent, Washington, D. C.

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