US133868A - Improvement in looms - Google Patents

Description

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- Patented Dec. A1 0,1872.

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JAMES LYALL, or new. Yonx, n. Y.

' IMPROVEMENT m Looms.`

To all 'whom t may concern.-

,Be it known that .`[,JAM.Es4 LYALL, of the cityl and-(State of NewYork, have invented and madean Improvement in Looms forWeaving;` and theffo1lowin'gis declared to be a correct description of the'same;

T1115 invent'on iaanimrrorement upon that for which Letters' lkatent: were granted to me' .augustin 185s, and'auly 4, 187,1, Nos, 80,982 and'116,669 5W' and the features of said improvenienty relate,irst, to a means Yfor .accelerating and retardng theA movement of the shuttlepropeller, and 'communicating a long movement of the shuttle from .a comparatively short crank; second, to a race-way that supports the shuttle, and in which the shuttle-propeller is moved, and the lower shed of warps isnear 'the'top of this race-way so that the shuttlerollers move over the same, and the shuttle itself is guided with greater precision thank in the aforesaid patent; third, to a shuttle that isv adapted to `takin g up any slack thread and then'` giving the same out again without undue strainuponfthe edge of the fabric from the tension of the weft-threads; fourth, to a take- 'up `mechanism that is adapted to irregular fabrics, such as corsets, for keeping the edge of the fabric in a straight line whileweaving In 4the drawing, Figure 1 is anelevation,

partially in section. Fig. 2 is a plan. Fig. 3

' shuttle and its propeller. Fig. 5 is a section ofthe take-up mechanism. Fig. 6 is an elevation about half size of the vshuttle and its propeller, andFig. 7 is a plan of the bobbinholder and weft-regulator separately.

The frame of the loom is made with the ends a. a connected by the front and back bars b c of suitable size, and the cords of the Jacquard (when. that is employed) pass through the frame or harness board at e', in anyusual manner.,` The main shaft d is revolved by competent power, and has cranks e for the connecting-rods f that are jointed to the layswords g, a nd these are pivoted at 2. The lay carries a reed,-h, and also the rail k, somewhat similar to those in my'former patent. I, however, makethis rail adjustable, by means of screws 3 passing through arms 4 that project above the lay, so as to regulate accurately the space provided for the shuttle between said rail 7;: and the race-way l. This race-way lis adapted to4 receive the shuttle-propeller m that is made'with' rollers 6 and. 7, substantially thel sameas in my aforesaid patent; but instead of the device `becoming a shuttle-carrier it is simply a shuttle-propeller, because the shuttle runs upon they ledges. 8 atthe, top of the race` way, the lower rollers 9 ofthe shuttle m being made longer so as to rest'upon such ledges,` and the rollers 6j of the propeller project up between these ledges suflicientlyto act upon the rollers 9 in propelling the samev in a manner4 similar to that in aforesaidpatent. By this construction the shuttle is held and steadied in place, the rollers 9 taking abroad bearing, and there is not any risk of injury to the warps. The upper rollers of the 4shuttle are similar to those in aforesaid patents, and the receiver that carries the, bobbin or cop is removable from the shuttle, as in the patent No. 116,609. At 'the ends of the race-,way in the lay are the gates 10, that are made to be drawn up vertically in slides 11 in the lay so as to allow the lshuttle to be removed from the Widest side of the race-way. The faces of these gates are'in line with the surface of the reeds so as to support the back of the shuttle. The bands or belts a that are employedto actuate thefshuttle-propeller pass at the ends of the lay over the rollers 12, and are wound in opposite directions upon the double drum o, and their ends attached thereto. The axis of this roller o is in a fork at the end of the swinging lever p that has its fulcrum 13 upon the crossbar a of the lay, and between the swords g of the lay is the segmental rack-bar q, the teeth of which take the teeth of a pinion on the axis of this roller o. The lever p is vibrated by a crankpin, 15, on the swinging link or cranko that is pivoted to the bar 16, and receives motion from the connecting-rod of, and the crank 17 of the auxiliary shaft' r', which shaft receives its motion from the countershaft S that is rotated at half the speed of the main shaft d by the gearing s'.

It will now be evident that the lever p is vibrated with rapidity, but stopped gradually at each end of the movement, because the crank 17 gives an accelerated movement at the middle of the` stroke-from the connectingrod, and gradually stops the motion; and this would be the case if the connecting-rod were attached directly to the lever p, which, iu some instances, might be done; but the acceleration is still further increased in the central portions of the stroke and lessened toward the ends in consequence of the -crankpin 15 of the link o' moving in the slot 33, and being nearest to the fulcrum 13 in the middle portion of the movement and further from the fulcrum at thev commencement and ending of cach reciprocation, and swinging almost in the line of the slot when the lever is in its diagonal positions at the ends of the movement. By changing the position of the pivot 25 of the link o the mot-ion given to the shuttle can be varied without any other change, because the movement will be greater by bringing the pin 15 further down in the slot toward the fulcrum 13 of the lever p, and the reverse. The size of the band-wheel o, or of the pinion also, allows for varying the movement of the shuttle.- The segmental rack-bar q revolves the roller o, and the upper part of said roller is. turning in the same direction in which the roller o is carried bodily; thereby the band or belt that is wound upon the roller o moves the shuttle-propeller the extent due to the winding up in addition to that resulting from the change in the position of the roller; thereby a large extent of motion is given to the shuttle in proportion to the change of position of the roller o.-

Shuttles have been made with spring-arms carrying eyes for the thread to pass through. I have improved the shuttle by applying an Indiarubber cord, 18, passing around pulleys or grooved rollers 19, 'and attached to the arms t, so that a long spring can be introduced in a small space, thereby insuring greater uniformity of tension on the weftthread, lessening cost of manufacture, and introducing the parts into a small compass. The rubber spring may. extend from one arm to the other, as shown; or two pieces may be used, passing around the respective pulleys, and the ends attached to eyes on the shuttle.

In weaving corsets or fabrics with gores or irregular surfaces: it is necessary that the material woven should be taken upas woven in order to present a straight edge for the next weft-thread. In hand-looms this has been accomplished by drawing the goodsby weights and hooks, and a range of holdingpins and sectional rollers operated by the Jacquard, and brushes have also been employed. In all cases it is important that the point of tension from the take-up device should be as near to the reedsA at the extreme movement as possible; andwhere rollers or brushes of a-large size are used the grasping points, being immediately below the centers of the rollers1 cannot be close to the point of beatingup.

This part of my invention consists in a belt lor series of'r belts passing over an actuatmg- Y roller and a small roller, said belt acting against the surface of a curved plate, and therebyobtaining a sufciently-firm hold upon the fabric to draw the'material along when pressed toward the belt by the lay in beating up the weft-thread, and when the fabric does not require to be taken up the belt slips on the same; thereby the point at which the fabric is grasped will be very close to the point of weaving, and the rails of the lay in my loom can pass above and belowthe take-up apparatus. a

The roller u is rotated progressively each blow of the lay by the ratchet and pawl 22l that is moved by the cam fv, lever t', link 23, and arm 24, and this roller is supprted in bearings w at the ends, and may be continuous across the entire width of the fabric, or madeto receive the pressure-levers 36 at suitable distances apart. The belt orbelts pass over this roller u, and also around the small distending-roller or stretcher 35 that is contiguous to the plate y, and the fabric is drawn by the belts as much as the lay presses the same up `in beating in the filling. The surface of the plate y being curved upwardly causes-the belt to take a firm bearing thereon, and according to the position of the stretcher or roller 35, as adjusted by the levers 36 and screws 37, so the belt will be drawn more or. less tightly over this convex plate y. The range of teeth at 38 serve to hold the fabric as the lay recedes. These teeth should be inclined toward the rollers 35, and they are made upon the edge of a plate of steel, y', attached to the edge of y, so that they can be positioned much nearer to the point of weaving than the needles heretofore used, because they occupy less room. A second range of endless belts might take the place of the plate y, the fabric being drawn in between the belts.

I claim as my invention-- 1-. The rollero rotated by the stationaryraok' bar segment q and moved by the lever p, in combination with the belt u, shuttle, andr its propeller or driver, arranged and operated substantially as set forth.

2. The crank-pin 15, link o', connecting-rod r, and crank 17, in combination with the lever p, roller o, and connections with the shuttledriver or propeller m, substantially as set forth.

3. The rollers 9 of the shuttle m bearing upon the ledges 8 of the race-way, in combination with the shuttle driver or carrier and its rollers 6 that project up between the ledges 8 and act upon the rollers 9, as and for the purposes set forth. l

4. The arms t in a loom-shuttle with eyes for the weft-thread, in combination with an elastic cord passing around a roller or rollers, substantially as set forth.

5. A belt or series of belts extending from an actuating-roller to a second roller or stretcher, in combination with a surface 'against al of the shuttle, substantially as set forth.

9. TheY metallic platey' having teeth upon its edge, in combination-withthe plate y and take-up mechanism, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

10. The lay made with the inclined top rail, in combination with the arms 4. that rise above the lay and the adjusting-screws 3, as and for the purposes set forth. r y

Signed by me this 10th day of April, A. D.

JAMES LYALL.

Witnesses: Y Y

GEO. T. PINGKNEY, GHAs. H. SMITH.

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