US1335163A - Hand-loom - Google Patents

Description

S. HAAG.

HAND LOOM.

I APPLICATION FlLED NOV-10, 1919. 1,335,163. Patented Mar. 30, 1920.

2'SHEETSSHEET 2.

. sorm HAAG, or ron'r SHERIDAN, ILLINOIS.

HAND-LOOK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 30, 1920.

Application filed November 10, 1919. Serial No. 336,990.

' map UNDER THE ACT or MARCH 3 1883, 22 STAT. L., 625.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SOFIA HAAG, a citizen of the United States, stationed at Fort Sheridan, Illinois, have invented an Im-' provement in Hand-Looms, of which the following is a specification.

The invention described herein may be used by the Government, or any of'its officers or employees in prosecution of work for the Government, or by any other person in the United States, without payment of any royalty thereon. V

This invention relates to an improved loom and contemplates theprovision of a device which may be used for weaving articles by hand, by inexperienced operators.

One object of the invention is to produce a hand-loom, which may be used not only to manufacture woven articles of value, but which also may be used to provide amusement.

Another object of this invention is to pro-' vide a hand-loom, which is capable of being used to produce a figured fabric, as for instance a twilled fabric, or one of a herringbone or diamond weave, as distinguished from the material produced by straight weaving. A cloth having these characteristics is the result of that kind of weaving in which the warp is manipulated to form suc-v cessive sheds, differing from one another in the portions of the Warp strands so parted.

Another object of the invention is to produce a hand-loom which is compact and light'in weight which may be used by an operator who is partially incapacitated. In

this connection, the present invention has proved of utility in hospitals and convalescent camps for soldiers, where some means of amusement is to be provided. The present hand-loom may be set up for use by a patient confined in bed, and, as it is easily operated by hand without thenecessity of 'foot-treadles or like devices, it has been cross bar 3 of the base, and led upwardly,

found to be of general application:

Still another object is to produce a'loom of the simplest form which can beinexpensively produced and by which weaving may be done with the least complicated form of structure;

With these and other objects in view as will appear from time to time in the following specification and appended claimsrefer- "ence is now made to the accompanying drawings for a better understanding of the invention.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a view in longitudinal section of the device;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation; Fig. 3 is a view in perspective of a detail of the warp and weft, showing the forma- 'tion of the shed; I Fig. 4 is a front elevation of a modified form of the device;

Fig. 5 is a cross-section of the device illustrated in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view similar to Fig. 5 but showing the parts in different positions.

Briefly stated the invention contemplates a loom consisting of a pair of warp-carrying frames, relatively movable to produce the shed. The weft or filling is passed through the shed by hand either with or without the use of a shuttle or other device corresponding thereto. 7

In the simplest form of the device, there is provided a base 1 composed of triangular end pieces 2, 2, joined by a horizontal cross bar 3. Mounted upright in. the base are posts 4:, 4 supporting at their upper ends a horizontal frame 5. This frame 5 is rectangular in form consisting of side pieces 6, 6 and end pieces 7 The frame-is open in the center for a purpose later to be described. V v

. Mounted, pivotally at 8 and 9, on the base, is an inverted U-shaped frame movable from side to side as indicatedinthe dotted lines,

through the'center of the horizontal frame to the cross-piece 12 of the inverted U- shaped frame to which it is attached as at 14. This procedure-is repeated according to the width of fabric desired. It will be seen that each individual strandenters into and forms part of the warp in two places. 'One end of each strand is tied to the'fixed horizontal frame, the other to the pivoted iiivirtually divides the warp into two parts as indicated and it serves aiuse-ful purpose,

in the operation of weaving as will be shown.

To start weaving, the pivoted frame is swua to one side as indicated in the-dotted lines in Fig. 1. This separates the two portions of the warp to form a shed and the weft or filling is introduced. The filling may be wound 011 some form of shuttle or simply passed through the shed in a balllike mass. This feature is immaterial 'inas: much as the filling is placedin position by hand and be handled in any way .most convenient. laving passed a strand of filling through the shed, the pivoted frame is now moved as far as possible in the opposite direction and the filling brought back through the new shed. The successive filling strands are laid closely against eachv other by the use of a comb, or by hand without the use of any instrument. Thislcycle of operations is repeated as often may be desired, determining, of course, the length of the product.

To weave a patterned fabric, by the introduction of threads of different colors, this is accomplished by cutting the filling strand, tying the loose end to a convenient warp strand, then leading through the shed, the strand of the new or different colored material. The thread of the new color'may be laid to make a stripe of any width as may be desired.

To Weave a particular figure into the is employed, the different colored filling strands being laid. in place to bring out the outlines of the figure. It will be evident that'in' the figure shown, some of the dark colored filling threads will be quite short in length, in proportion to the width of the cloth. To make the fabric firm it is necessary that the dark colored threads should Warp strand once or twice and the loose endbrought back between the warp strands, as far as 1t will .go. This results in a firm fabric'not likely to fray. The same procedure is followed when the endsof the fill- 7 ing are to be cut, when the piece has been woven to the length desired.

It has also been found useful to prevent raveling of the filling by folding back the end and sewing, to form anarrow seam.

The production of a figured fabric'is accomplished by the use of the'modified form ofthe invention illustrated inF-igsl, 5 and The loom here shown differs from that 1n F1g.'1,, only in that there is provided an auxiliary movable frame .to he used in. can

by a lnmi-zontal cross bar 3.

gular in form, consisting of side pieces, 6, 6

and end pieces 7. center.

Mounted pivotally on'the .base at 8 9, is inverted U-shaped' frame, movable from side to side. This frame is composed ofside pieces 10, 11 and a cross piece12. It will be seen that this inverted U-shaped frame; is mounted on the insides'of the posts 4, 4 and the side pieces extend'through, and to a point-beyond the open center frame 5,

'Iivotally mounted at 8 9 on the'outsides of the posts 4:, 4, are posts 17,18 supporting at their upper ends a horizontal rectangular open center frame 19,, composed of side pieces 20,20 and end pieces 21, .21. It will- The frame has an open be seen that the movable frame 19 is mounted above the frame 5 but below the crosspiece 12 of the inverted u-s'haped frame, which extends through the auxiliary frame 19, as shown. By the. arrangement described, it willbe seen that the new form'of loom has one fixed and two movable warpcarrying frames.

The warp is strung on the modified .device in somewhat the same method as before. Starting at frame 5, a strand is drawn around the side pieces and tied to form a loop as before. The end is then drawn down carried. beneath the cross bar of the base and led upward vthroughthe open'center of theframe 5,,to the auxiliary frame 19., to which it is attached by aloop as in the case of frame 5'. The next strand of the warp is attached first to the auxiliary frame 19 by a loop, brought downwardly through the open center of frame 5 to the cross bar, carried beneath thecr'oss bar and led up wardly through frame .5 and frame 19 to the cross piece .12 of the inverted U-shaped frame to which it is attached. Thelthird strandfof thewarp is-strung in the .same manner asthe first, the .fourthas the-second. This procedure is'continuedaccording to the width of the fabric, it isxdesiredtoweave- I V lVeaving with the modified form of loom maybe done ;with. the formation of .a munberof different sheds. ,For instance, with the auxiliary frame Iheldatrest with rela tion 'to the fixed frame,,the inverted -U- shaped frame may .be moved to v'theflside position as indicated in Fig. 5 to form. a shed through which. the filling thread may troduced. v Again, the ,inverted \U shaperl framemay be held stationary and thehauxib iary frame swung to theside to, produce w shed. It is possible also to swing both the auxiliary and the U-shaped frames in unison from side to side. It is evident that the provision of an auxiliary movable frame permits of manipulation of the movable frames to form a variety of sheds, and obviously this permits of weaving fabrics of different textures, whereas in the simpler form of the device only straight weaving is possible.

As will be seen the art of weaving has been reduced by the use of this device to a series of extremely simple operations not necessitating a high degree of skill nor requiring any extensive instruction. The most inexperienced operator may use the novel loom Without difliculty, since there is no complicated mechanism tobe handled.

It is to be understood that while the method of stringing the warp herein de scribed is the method preferred as being simplest, it is evident that it is not necessary that each strand should be led beneath and around the horizontal cross-bar, but may be cut and attached thereto.

The use of the novel loom in hospitals and convalescent camps will be readily understood, to provide amusement as well as be ing capable to produce articles of general utility.

While it is not desired to limit the construction to the form shown, although that is the preferred type, it will be clear that the novel device is capable of further modifications, within the meaning and scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: I

1. In a device of the class described, a fixed warp carrying frame and a movable warp carrying frame pivotally mounted thereon, said frames being adapted for rela tive movement to produce a shed.

2. In a device of the class described, a base, a pair of warp carrying frames mounted thereon and relatively movable to pro duce a shed, and a warp having its ends attached to said base and to said frames.

3. In a device of the class described, a base, a pair of frames mounted thereon, a warp having its ends attached to said base and to said frames, and means to produce relative movement of said frames to produce a shed.

4. In a device of the class described, a

base, a horizontal frame mounted thereon, a vertical frame mounted on said horizontal frame, both of said frames being adapted to have warp threads attached thereto, and means to permit of the relative movement of said frames to produce a shed.

5. In a device of the class described, a base, a frame adapted to have warp threads attached thereto mounted thereon, and a second frame adapted to have warp threads attached thereto, partially encircling said first-named frame, said frames being capable of relative movement to produce a shed.

6. In a device of the class described, a base, a frame adapted to have warp threads attached thereto, mounted thereon, and a second frame adapted to have Warp threads attached thereto pivotally mounted adjacent said first frame.

7. In a device of the class described, a base, a plurality of warp carrying frames mounted thereon and capable of relative movement to producea shed, and a warp having its ends attached to said base and to said frames.

8. In a device of the class described, a base, a pair of spaced posts mounted thereon, a rectangular open-center warp-carrying frame mounted between said posts, and an inverted U--shaped warp-carrying frame pivotally mounted on said posts.

9. In a device of the class described, a base, a pair of spaced upright posts mounted thereon, a cross-bar in said base adapted for having a warp passed thereabout, a rectangular open-center frame mounted on said posts, adapted for having the ends of a portion of said warp threads attached thereto, and an inverted U-shaped frame having its legs pivotally mounted on said upright posts, the cross-piece of said U being adapted to receive the ends of another portion of said Warp threads, passing through said open-center frame.

10. In a device of the class described, a base, a plurality of open-center, warp-carrying frames mounted thereon, an inverted U shaped warp carrying frame pivotally mounted adjacent thereto, said frames being capable of relative movement to produce a shed, and a warp having its ends attached to said base and to said frames.

soFrA HAAG,

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