EP1375714B1 - Method for manufacturing a pile fabric - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a pile fabric with serving as a base fabric flat pattern according to alternately bound pile loops and pile legs on a two connected together by Florhenkel flat weaving loom, each polbildende pile threads by Jacquard machine either the pile loop binding or Florhenkelbindung different binding weft threads of the two Be assigned flat fabric, wherein the pile loops forming pile threads between a recorded on the pile side of the base fabric weft thread and another weft of the base fabric and wherein the pile legs forming pile threads initially as Florhenkel between weft threads of the two flat fabric spanned and forming the pile legs between the two flat fabrics - While avoiding contact of the cutting element with the vertices of the pile loops - be separated.

A weaving method of this kind is known by the DE 199 18 171 A1 , On a double-ply double carpet weaving machine, two flat fabrics are produced, both of which serve as the base fabric of a pile or carpet fabric. Both basic tissues are different by pole handle Colors linked together. In both flat fabrics or base fabrics, non-patterning pile threads, so-called dead poles, are usually tied in stretched fashion.

The jacquard machine can select these pile threads according to the pattern and move either for binding as Totpol on the base fabric or for the formation of Polhenkeln in conjunction with the respectively opposite ground fabric for shedding. The result is a so-called double pile fabric or double pile fabric. By separating the pole handles in the middle between the two basic products, two pile fabrics or carpets are created. Both pile fabrics have in the pile layer both pile areas as well as areas with exclusively closed pile loops.

The pile loops formed in this case have only small dimensions and are regularly significantly flatter than the Florschenkel in the Florbereichen. If you want to enlarge the pile loops by thicker shots, adjacent pile loops are spread in the warp direction in the warp direction. They form a cord-like pile surface in the weft direction. That is unsatisfactory. It can not be produced pile fabric with acceptable tread properties and uniform pile height. The pile loops and pile legs can not be positioned anywhere on the pile surface.

By the EP 1 081 260 A1 For the production of a pile fabric with pile loops and pile thighs, the use of a type of rod weaving machine is proposed. The einschützig working Rutenwebmaschine contributes in every third tour on the Polseite a thicker shot, on each warp course each a selected pile thread forms a larger loop. In the same tour, a cutting rod (Polformelement) is entered in an overlying shed over which - controlled by a jacquard - pattern according to pile threads can be performed. These large pile loops formed thereby are separated when pulling out the cutting rod and form upright, in the base fabric anchored Florschenkel. These Florschenkel are significantly longer than the formed on the fabric base pole loops.

It is also highly disadvantageous that the thick weft threads spreading the pile loops spread the pile legs in the pile row, so that the pile sections have a rib or cord structure in the weft direction.

Another disadvantage of this method is the low productivity. The Rutenwebmaschine works einschützig and requires for the integration of a number of pile loops or pile handles a total of three weaving machine tours. Because of the large amount of cutting rod to be entered within a tour, the weaving machine can only operate at low speed.

Another, the operating speed of the loom limiting element is the cutting rod during their cutting function. The cutting rods heat up during the cutting process in such a way that they melt the ends of the pile legs when a certain temperature is exceeded. This affects the quality of the produced pile fabric. For this reason, a further reduction of the working speed of the loom is usually unavoidable.

Even with the method mentioned here, the height of the pile loops can not be adapted to the greater height of the pile legs, when pile loops and pile legs are positioned in the weft direction according to the pattern next to each other. The cross-section of the rod determines the height difference between Florschenkel and Polschlingen.

Tread comfort can only be ensured if the surface areas of the carpet with pile loops are very small. If the pile loop structure prevails, the pile heights should be shortened by a shearing process. The low and hard pole slings determine the pedaling comfort at a low level.

By the DE 43 12 235 A1 a method and an apparatus of loop pile fabrics has been proposed on a weaving machine in which auxiliary weft threads are introduced in connection with lancets. (See also Hans Osswald: "The Carpet Industry", Melliand Textilberichte, 1965, page 123.) The pile threads selected for the pile weave are guided over these auxiliary shots and form larger pile loops. The lancets are equipped with articulated guide plates, which can be involved in the shedding. This controllable guide boards ensures that the auxiliary shots are assigned to the pile fabric of the upper fabric or the pile fabric of the lower fabric alternately for spreading the respective pile loops. After finishing the weaving process, both pile fabrics detach from each other. The removal of the auxiliary weft threads is optional. They can remain in the tissue while supporting the pile loops. But they can also be removed laterally from the pile fabric, so that the pile loops themselves determine the pedaling comfort.

With such a weaving machine and such a method, however, only such pile fabric can be produced, on whose surface only pile loops are visible. The pattern according to alternating arrangement of pile legs whose fiber ends are directed to the pole surface, and closed pole loops is not feasible with this method.

We can say that no method is known in the prior art which makes it possible to arbitrarily arrange pile legs and pile loops of equal, variable height without any adverse effect on either quality or variability of one of the pile types.

The object of the present invention is therefore to propose a method for producing a pile fabric with any pattern arranged pole loops and pile legs, in which the pile loops and the pile legs have a sufficient and approximately the same height with optimal alignment to the pole surface. The height of the entire pole layer should be variable according to the required tread properties within limits. The method should be feasible in two- or dreischütziger work two-speed without additional speed limitation.

This object is achieved by the method according to claim 1. The Florschenkel and the pole loops are arbitrarily pattern according to pattern on the Poloberfläche. It is impossible that the means for spreading the pile loops spread the Florschenkel. The size of the pile loops is variable by the choice of the dimensions of the lancet in the usual limits. To secure the uniform height of the pile legs and pile loops no additional operations are required.

During the separation process of the pile handles, both the pile handles and the crests of the pile loops are precisely positioned with respect to their position, so that the loop structure is not impaired by faulty separation processes. The second flat fabric, having only very short and patterned portions of the pile handles, can be used for purposes where pleasing appearance is not expected.

The method can be realized on conventional double carpet or double loom with a lancet arrangement in the middle compartment without limiting the usual operating speed. A realization of the method with single weft insertion is possible, but of course requires several tours for the production of a pole row.

The described method basically also allows the pattern-like combination with a pile thread pattern on the base fabric and / or with a pattern.

With the fixing of the auxiliary shots by inguinal warp threads according to claim 2, a uniform pole loop height can be ensured with optimized weaving process.

According to claim 3, it is possible to remove laterally from the pile fabric the auxiliary loops spreading the pile loops after they have slid off the tips of the lancets.

Another variant of the work with auxiliary shots shows claim 4. Here they remain to support the pile loops in the pile fabric. However, this variant is limited to those patterns in which the pile loops form the majority of the pile layer and the Hiifsschüsse must be performed only over very small sections with pile limbs.

The defined in claim 5 forming the looms in the phase of training a Polschlingen- or Florhenkelreihe ensures the above-mentioned productivity of a zweischützigen loom when using the method.

Claims 6 and 7 define appropriate shedding techniques on weaving machines having three weft insertion planes.

If pile warp yarns of different color or different properties, which can be selected by means of a jacquard machine, are added to the weaving process in each or several warp course (s), it is also possible to realize any colored or structurally patterned pile loops or pile segments. The accompanying the web process Pole threads can be incorporated as tot poles in the basic fabric or in the second flat fabric (see claims 8 to 10).

On weaving machines with three weft insertion levels can be solved according to the general inventive concept, the task also with the method features according to the independent claim 11. Hereby, a pile fabric is produced which possesses shapable tread properties in the pile and loop area given a faultless pile surface.

The advantage of this method according to claim 11 is additionally that all recordable shots can be used for the formation of a pile fabric. Two high quality pile fabrics are produced simultaneously on one machine. It is expedient in this method to keep the auxiliary weft threads tensioned during the stop process by means of grippers and to dispense with the weaving them in strips. There then remains enough room for the execution of a reliable cutting process for the pile handles.

Fig. 1

einen Warenquerschnitt im Bereich des Lanzettenkopfes, bei dem das untere Flachgewebe die Grundware bildet und das zweite, obere Flachgewebe ausschließlich Spannfunktion hat,

Fig. 2

einen Warenquerschnitt analog Fig. 1, wobei die Polschlingen mit Rückenschüssen und die Florhenkel mit Innenschüssen abgebunden sind,

Fig. 3

eine ähnliche Darstellung wie die Figuren 1 und 2 mit der Maßgabe, dass das obere Flachgewebe als Grundware fungiert, während das untere Flachgewebe ausschließlich Spannfunktion hat und die nicht musternden Polfäden, die Totpole, bindet,

Fig. 4

die Darstellung des Schneidprozesses zum Abtrennen des Flachgewebes mit Spannfunktion von dem verbleibenden Polgewebe,

Fig. 4a

die Darstellung eines Florhenkels,

Fig. 4b

die Darstellung von Florschenkeln,

Fig. 4c

eine Darstellung von Polschlingen zu Definitionszwecken,

Fig. 5

eine schematische Darstellung der Webzone, der Abzugswalzen mit Messerschlitten bis hin zur Abtrennung der Leisten vom Grundgewebe,

Fig. 6

eine schematische Draufsicht auf die Webzone im oberen Teil und eine Vorderansicht des erzeugten Polgewebes mit einer Darstellung der Entfernung der Leisten und der Hilfsschussfäden,

Fig. 7

eine Darstellung analog der Fig. 1 an einer dreischützigen Webmaschine, wobei ein Schusspaar der Grundware zugeordnet ist, während die dritte Schusseintragsebene das zweite Flachgewebe und die Hilfsschüsse bedient,

Fig. 8

eine Darstellung analog der Fig. 7, wobei die unterste Schusseintragsebene die Bildung des Grundgewebes bedient, während die mitt!ere Schusseintragsebene die Hilfsschüsse und die obere Schusseintragsebene die Schussfäden des zweiten Flachgewebes bedient und

Fig. 9

eine Darstellung analog der Fig. 7, bei der auch dem zweiten Flachgewebe als Grundgewebe zusätzliche Lanzetten und eine Gruppe von Polfäden zugeordnet wurden.

The invention will be described below with reference to exemplary embodiments. In the accompanying drawings show:

Fig. 1

a goods cross-section in the region of the lancet head, in which the lower flat fabric forms the base product and the second, upper flat fabric exclusively has a tensioning function,

Fig. 2

a goods cross section analog Fig. 1 in which the pile loops are tied off with back shots and the pile loops are tied off with inner shots,

Fig. 3

a similar representation as the Figures 1 and 2 with the proviso that the upper flat fabric acts as a base fabric, while the lower flat fabric exclusively has a tensioning function and binds the non-eye pile threads, the tot poles,

Fig. 4

the illustration of the cutting process for separating the flat fabric with a tensioning function from the remaining pile fabric,

Fig. 4a

the representation of a Florhenkels,

Fig. 4b

the depiction of pigtails,

Fig. 4c

a representation of pile loops for definition purposes,

Fig. 5

a schematic representation of the weaving zone, the take-off rolls with knife carriage up to the separation of the strips of the base fabric,

Fig. 6

a schematic plan view of the weaving zone in the upper part and a front view of the produced pile fabric with a representation of the removal of the strips and the auxiliary weft threads,

Fig. 7

a representation analogous to Fig. 1 on a three-lap weaving machine, wherein one shot pair is associated with the base fabric, while the third weft insertion plane serves the second flat weave and the auxiliary shots,

Fig. 8

a representation analogous to Fig. 7 wherein the lowermost weft insertion plane serves the formation of the base fabric, while the middle weft insertion plane serves the auxiliary shots and the upper weft insertion plane serves the weft threads of the second flat fabric, and

Fig. 9

a representation analogous to Fig. 7 in which additional lancets and a group of pile threads were also assigned to the second flat fabric as the base fabric.

Fig. 1 shows the double fabric 2 in section, which is directed along a chaining course parallel to the lancets 14. The lower flat fabric serves as a base fabric 22 for the pile fabric 220. Between inner shots 222 and back shots 221 - not stretched pile threads TP and - if necessary - a filler chain 224 are involved - mostly stretched.

The pile loops 225 are fixed in this double fabric 2 to the inner shots 222 of the base fabric while the pile loops 226 regularly bind via back shots 221 of the base fabric 22.

At the inner shots 222 of the base tissue 22, the lancets 14 are supported with their lower edge. The upper edges of the lancets 14, which in turn are regularly held in the middle level M during shedding, support the auxiliary shots 231. About the auxiliary shots 231, the vertices of the pile loops 225 are spread. Depending on the height of the lancets 14, the height of the pile loops 225 can be determined.

The auxiliary shots 231 are tied off only laterally outside the base fabric 22 by inguinal warp threads 232, 232 'and fixed during the weaving process in the tensioned position defined by the lancets 14. The strip 23, 23 'is removed after the weaving process, after separating the auxiliary weft threads 231 between the two strips 23, 23'.

The binding of the auxiliary shots 231 in the strips 23 may under certain circumstances be dispensed with if these weft threads can be held taut by other means (eg by means of a gripper gripper) until they stop.

In the integration of the auxiliary shots 231 in strips 23, it is expedient to remove with the removal of the strips 23, 23 'and the auxiliary weft threads 231 bound thereto from the pile fabric 220.

The second flat fabric - consisting of the weft threads 211 and the warp threads 212, 212 '- is used exclusively for clamping the pile loops 226 between the base fabric 22 and the weft threads 211 (clamping function).

This second flat fabric is separated by means of a cutting device - knife carriage 4 - between the plane of the vertices of the pile loops 225 and the warp threads 212, 212 'of the second flat fabric 21. In this separation process, the vertexes of the pole limbs 226 integrated in the second flat weave 21 are severed. Only the pile legs 2261, which together with the vertices of the pile loops 225 form the pile surface of the pile fabric 220, remain on the base fabric.

The double fabric 2 'after Fig. 2 differs from the one after Fig. 1 only in this case, the pile loops 225 'on the back shots 221 of the base fabric 22 and the pile handles 226' are bound to the inner shots 222 of the base fabric.

At this Fig. 2 is also clearly seen that at any point in the pile fabric 220, the pile loops 225, 225 'or pole leg 226, 226' forming pile threads can swap against other pile threads from the Totpolstrang TP. In this way, an arbitrarily designed colored or structurally patterned pole surface with arbitrarily distributed pile arms and pile loops. The type of pile yarn change depends on the available jacquard machine and the wishes of the designer. The pile thread change can be realized by different known methods.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 2 the base fabric 22 is associated with a so-called filling or tensioning chain 224, which increases the stability of the base fabric and also conceals the tot poles TP towards the back of the carpet.

The execution of the double fabric 2 "after Fig. 3 differs from the double fabric 2, 2 'of the previous figures mainly in that the upper flat fabric, the base fabric 22 "for the pile fabric 220" forms. The lancet 14 is supported on the underside of this base fabric 22 "and leads with its lower edge of the pole loops 225" spreading auxiliary shots 231. These auxiliary shots 231 are here exclusively by the Leistenkettfäden 232, 232 'on either side of the first and second flat fabric in a tensioned position fixed.

The second flat fabric 21 ", which has exclusively clamping function for the clamping of the pile loop 226", is arranged here below. In this flat fabric, the non-eye pile threads are incorporated as Totpolstrang TP or otherwise. They remain after the separation of this flat fabric 21 "in the tissue used for other purposes Fig. 3 is also advantageous in the way, because predominantly shaft-controlled warp threads are available for the guidance of the gripper in the shed.

The design of the double fabric after Fig. 3 is used regularly when the pile fabric is used for purposes other than for a floor covering. Such substances are z. B. can be used as upholstery fabrics for seating, for motor vehicle seats. The fabric is also suitable for clothing because of its flexibility.

The pile layer - consisting of loops and even pile - has very good cushioning properties and good thermal insulation. The proposed method also allows an appealing design optics in terms of color and structure.

In the Fig. 4 is the cutting of the double fabric 2 'according to the Fig. 2 in the region of the guide and take-off rollers 31, 32 for the separate fabric parts 21, 220 shown. Until the nip of these draw-off rollers 31, 32, the double fabric 2 is guided to form a voltage in the working direction. The base fabric 22 'rests on the lower take-off roller 32 and is finally guided arcuately down. The second upper flat fabric 21 cut off by means of knife carriage 4 in the region of the pile loop is led upward in an arc shape with the remaining apex portions of the pile loop 226 '. This flat fabric 21 can be used where no special requirements are placed on its appearance. It can, for. B. be inserted into a multi-layered composite of Fadengelegen and there contribute to a high stability thereof.

The Figures 4a, 4b and 4c serve primarily the definition of terms. It shows Fig. 4a a Florhenkel 226. He begins in the range of a shot z. B. the upper fabric, is passed over a shot of the lower fabric and returns to the top fabric. From a pile loop 226, two or more pile legs can arise during a separation process. In a patterned pile yarn change and half Florhenkel can be formed.

The Fig. 4b then clarifies the definition of a Florschenkels 2261. It is in each case marked by an accompanying dashed line. It is the portion of a pile or part of a pile staple that leads from the point of bonding in a backing 22 to the surface of the pile of a pile fabric 220. The cross sections of its fibers form part of the surface of the pole layer. The pile legs 2261 can be bound to inner shots 222, to intermediate shots (not shown) or to shots 221 on the back.

Fig. 4c represents pile loops 225, 225 '. A pile loop regularly has two bonding sites in a ground fabric 22, it does not matter how many shots are made between the two bonding sites in the ground fabric. It is also of no importance in which plane the binding sites of the pile slings 225, 225 'are arranged in the base fabric 22. Decisive is the fulfillment of a certain Supporting function in conjunction with adjacent pile loops and / or pile legs.

In Fig. 5 the most essential functional elements for carrying out the method according to the invention on a weaving machine with two weft insertion levels are shown. The basic structure of the weaving zone 1 corresponds to that of a double carpet weaving machine of the conventional type. In the weaving zone 1 known lancets 14 are arranged in the plane of the middle compartment M. The holding portions of the lancets 14 are immobile and do not participate in the shedding. The warp threads of the double fabric can be positioned in three shed levels O, M and U, controlled by shafts or Jacquard machines.

Two weft insertion means 11, 12, which are predominantly designed as gripper bars, can be introduced simultaneously between these shed levels in each weaving machine tour. The sley 13 serves to stop the registered weft threads in the usual way. With the weft insertion means 12, the shots 221, 222 are entered for the formation of the base tissue 22 between the middle compartment M and the lower compartment U. The binding warp threads 223 of the basic product change in a four-speed rhythm between the middle compartment M and the lower compartment U and can, for. B. create a rib bond, as in Fig. 1 and in Fig. 2 is shown. The non-patterning pile threads will regularly alternate between middle panel M and bottom panel U. A non-patterned pile thread is indicated by a dotted line.

The weft insertion means 11, which is effective between the upper compartment level O and the middle compartment M, serves the entry of the auxiliary shots 231 alternately with the entry of the shots 211 of the second upper flat fabric 21. The binding warp yarns 212, 212 'of the upper flat fabric 21 change between the middle compartment M. and Oberfach O. They are both in the upper compartment O, when an auxiliary shot 231 is entered. In this phase, the warp threads of the strips are distributed in the upper compartment O and in the middle compartment M.

If the shots 211 registered for the upper second flat fabric 21, both ledge threads 232, 232 'are in the outer pocket. The respective patterned pile yarn changes depending on the type of binding between the outer compartments O, U, when Florhenkel 226 or pile loops 225 are generated. Duch the type of setting of the registered at 11 weft thread is decided between the formation of Florhenkel or pole loop.

If it binds between the warp threads 212, 212 'of the second flat fabric 21, then it becomes a pile loop 226, which is raised over the weft 211. If the weft thread entered at 11 does not bind at all with warp threads or only with the last warp threads 232, it supports a pile sling 225 supported on the lancet 14. On the other hand, non-patterning pile threads change, as already mentioned, between the middle compartment M and the lower compartment U.

The double fabric 2 produced in this way is guided horizontally up to the needling-loaded draw-off rollers 31 and 32. For the guidance of the strips 23, 23 ', a collar 320, 320' is provided on the lower take-off roll 32. Pressure rollers 321, 321 ', the strips 23, 23' on the collar 320 perform non-positively. With one of these pressure rollers 321 ', a separating knife 5 may be connected, which separates the auxiliary weft yarns 231 from the strip 23'. The knife carriage 4 is - as usual in double carpet looms - guided in a specific arrangement to the two take-off rollers 31, 32 and moves at high speed in changing directions parallel to these take-off rollers 31, 32. This unit has been proven. It requires no special embodiment.

The removal of the strips 23, 23 'and the auxiliary shots 321 is intended, with additional reference to Fig. 6 be explained. The strip bands 23 'clamped by the pressure rollers 321, 321' on the respective collar 320, 320 'are separated from the auxiliary shots 231 by means of knives 5 on at least one side (here right) of the base fabric 22 and the strip 23' via respective take-off rolls 6 a Waste container supplied.

The strip 23 or the inguinal ligament, on which the retaining weft threads 231 remain, is likewise drawn laterally away from the pile fabric 220 by means of strip removal rollers 71. The auxiliary weft yarns 231 follow them to the same extent. To reduce the width of the machine, however, it is expedient, after a certain take-off length, to guide the auxiliary weft yarns 231 laterally out of the pile fabric 220 by means of special auxiliary take-off rolls 72 and to feed them to a waste container.

Of course, the application of the present invention is not limited to double-acting weaving machines. As we from the FIGS. 7 and 8 recognize the realization of the method according to the invention is also possible on dreischützigen weaving machines.

In the case of Fig. 7 two adjacent weft insertion means 16, 17 adjoining the lower level plane U are provided for the formation of the base fabric 22 "'The filling chain 224 and the dead poles TP are guided in the middle level M', while the binding warp threads of this base fabric 22 '' once into the lower outer compartment plane U and once into the second intermediate compartment plane M ". The upper weft insertion means 15 is bounded on both sides by the upper compartment plane O and the second central compartment plane M". In alternation, the auxiliary shots 231 and the weft threads 211 of the second flat fabric are entered there. Such an arrangement or assignment of the weft insertion means 15, 16, 17 has the advantage that the weaver can easily switch between a binding of the pile loops on back shots and a pile bond on inner shots.

It is also advantageous that the dead poles TP and the filling chain 224 are not involved in the shedding over several shed levels. Only the patterning pile threads and the binding warp threads controlled by shafts are foldable.

In Fig. 8 Another basic variant is shown using a dreischützigen loom. In this case, a single weft insertion means 17 serves to form the base fabric 22 "". The path of the weft insertion means 17 is bounded by the lower compartment plane U and a central axis M "'The binding warp threads, the tot poles and the filler chain are arranged alternately in one of the two levels U, M"' in the usual way and lead to the formation of the shown basic goods 22 "".

Modifications of the bonds, in particular the binding warp threads 223 are possible. For insertion of the auxiliary weft yarns 231, there is provided the central weft insertion means 16, the web of which is delimited from above by the middle shed levels M "'from above and from the median shallow plane M". "The shots 211 of the second flat fabric 21 are from the upper weft insertion means 15, which is bounded above by the upper level and on the other side by the middle level M "".

It is possible with this arrangement, either enter three weft threads in each tour or not to enter individual weft threads in individual weft insertion levels. It is expedient to exclude the not drawn in black drawn weft threads from the entry. These Weft threads are denoted by 20 and characterized by a thin ring. It has proven to be expedient to register the weft threads 211 of the second flat fabric 21 and the auxiliary shots 231 simultaneously with an inner weft of the base fabric. In this case, all pole-forming pile warp threads are tied off via back shots. They have a good stamina and at the transitions between the pile loops 226 and the pile loops 225 no gaps or double poles.

In relation to the use of a dreischützigen weaving machine, of course, in addition to the previously described variants, there are also other possibilities for realizing the present invention. That's the way it is Fig. 9 It is quite possible to arrange two spaced-apart lancets 14a, 14b between two base fabrics and to use the middle weft insertion means alternately for the insertion of the auxiliary shots 231a over the upper lancet 14a and then for the insertion of the auxiliary shots 231b over the lower lancet 14b.

The respective outer weft insertion means - the upper 15 and the lower 17 - are similar to that in FIG Fig. 8 described, for the training ever a basic commodity used 22a and 22b. The dead poles TP of the upper base fabric 22a serve to form the pile loops 225 via the upper lancet 14a and to form the pile legs 226 in the upper and lower fabric. Analogously, the dead poles TP of the lower base fabric 22b serve the pile loops 225 of the lower lancet 14b and the pile legs 226 of the upper and lower pile fabrics. The cutting process takes place in this case in the plane between the two lancets 14a and 14b.

To facilitate the separation process should either be dispensed with the use of inguinal cords 232 or the bar 23 are removed from the base fabric before the separation process.

The advantage of this process so configured is the higher productivity of the dreischützigen loom. The possibility of entering three shots at a time in each tour is used optimally for the formation of two pile fabrics. For patterning in floral areas, pile threads of both the upper and the lower Totpolgruppe are available.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Webzone

11

Weft insertion means

12

Weft insertion means

13

batten

14

lancets

15

Weft insertion means

16

Weft insertion means

17

Weft insertion means

2, 2 ', 2 "

double weave

20

Weft threads (not registered)

21

second flatweave

211 1

wefts

212, 212 ', 212 ", 212"'

warp

22, 22 ', 22 "

base fabric

22a, 22b

base fabric

220

Polgewebe, general

220 ', 220 ", 220"', 220 ""

Polgewebe, variants

221, 221 "

back shots

222

inside shots

223

binding warp threads

224

filling warp

225

Polschlingen (tied to inner shot)

225 '

Polschlingen (tied to back shot)

225 '

Polschlingen (tied in single shot level)

226

Florhenkel (tied to back shot)

226 '

Florhenkel (tied to inner shot)

226 '

Pile looper (bound in single shot level)

2261

Florschenkel

23, 23 '

Groin, groin tissue

231

auxiliary income

232, 232 '

Leistenkettfäden

3

tissue deduction

31 1

off roll

32

off roll

320, 320 '

Federation

321, 321 '

pressure roller

4

blade slide

5

knife

6

afford deduction

7

Make auxiliary income deduction

71

Strips off rolls

72

Auxiliary shot-off rolls

TP

Totpole, Totpolstrang

M

middle compartment

M '

Middle compartment, lower

M "

Middle compartment, upper

M ''

Middle compartment, lower

M ""

Middle compartment, upper

O

upper shed

U

lower shed

A

stop edge

Claims (11)

1. Method for producing a pile fabric
   having pile loops and pile legs which are alternately bound in accordance with a pattern to a flat fabric which acts as a backing fabric
   on a loom which operates with at least two shuttles and which produces two flat fabrics which are joined together by means of pile loops,
   pile threads which in each case form the pile being associated optionally with the pile loop binding or pile loop binding of differently binding weft threads of the two flat fabrics by means of a Jacquard loom, the pile threads which form pile loops being tensioned between a weft thread which is inserted at the pile side of the backing fabric and another weft thread of the base material and
   the pile threads which form pile legs first being tensioned as pile loops between weft threads of the two flat fabrics and being separated, with the pile legs being formed between the two flat fabrics, with a cutting element being prevented from coming into contact with the peaks of the pile loops,
   characterised in that
   only one flat fabric is constructed as a backing fabric (22, 22", 22''', 22'''') for the pile fabric (220) and at least one weft (221, 222, 221'') is inserted into this backing fabric (22, 22'') in each course and
   in that the weft threads which tension the pile loops (225, 225', 225'') at the pile side of the backing fabric (22, 22", 22''', 22'''') are spaced from the weft threads (222, 221'') of the backing fabric (22, 22'') as tensioned auxiliary weft threads (231) by means of lancets (14).
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that
   the tensioned auxiliary weft threads (231) can be fixed laterally at both sides of the backing fabric (22, 22'', 22''', 22'''') by means of selvedge warp threads (232, 232').
3. Method according to claim 1 and claim 2, characterised in that
   the auxiliary wefts (231), after sliding from the lancets (14), are separated between the selvedges (23, 23') and are pulled laterally from the pile loops together with at least one of the selvedges (23, 23').
4. Method according to claim 1 and claim 2, characterised in that
   the auxiliary wefts (231), after sliding from the lancets (14), are separated at both sides of the pile fabric (220) between the lateral delimitation thereof and the selvedges (23, 23'), and the auxiliary weft threads (231) remain in the pile fabric (220) so as to support the pile loops (225).
5. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that
   the binding warp threads (223) and weft threads (221, 222, 221'') of the base material (22) are associated with an external shed plane (e.g. U) and an adjacent central shed plane (M) of a dual-shuttle loom,
   in that the lancets (14) are positioned in the central shed plane (M),
   in that the auxiliary weft threads (231) and the weft threads (211) of the second flat fabric (21) are inserted in a mutually alternating manner between the respective other external shed plane (O) and an adjacent central shed plane (M) in each case at the same time as weft threads (221, 222) of the backing fabric (22),
   in that the two harness boards of the warp threads (212, 212') of the second flat fabric (21)

   - before each second weft insertion are arranged on the one hand in the external shed (O) and on the other hand in the adjacent central shed (M) and,

   - in the course which in each case lies therebetween and in which the auxiliary wefts (231) are inserted, are positioned exclusively in the external shed (O).
6. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that
   the binding warp threads (223) and weft threads (221, 222, 221'') of the base material (2222'''') are associated with an external shed plane (e.g. U) and two adjacent central shed planes (M', M'') of a three-shuttle loom,
   in that the lancets (14) are positioned in one of the central shed planes (M''),
   in that the auxiliary weft threads (231) and the weft threads (211) of the second flat fabric (21) are inserted in a mutually alternating manner between the respective other external shed plane (O) and an adjacent central shed plane (M'') in each case at the same time as weft threads (221, 222) of the backing fabric (22''').
7. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that
   the warp threads (223) and weft threads (221, 222, 221'') of the base material (22'''') are associated with an external shed plane (e.g. U) and an adjacent central shed plane (M''') of a three-shuttle loom,
   in that the lancets (14) are positioned in the central shed plane (M''''),
   in that the selvedge warp threads (232) and the auxiliary weft threads (231) are associated with two central shed planes (M''', M''''),
   in that the binding warp threads (212, 212') and the weft threads (211) of the second flat fabric (21) are associated with the other external shed plane (O) and the adjacent central shed plane (M'''') and
   in that the weft threads (211) of the second flat fabric (21) are inserted at the same time as an auxiliary weft (231) and a weft thread (221, 222) of the base material (22'''').
8. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that, for each warp course, there are associated a plurality of pile warp threads which accompany the weaving process and which have different colours and/or different properties and from which figuring pile threads can be selected by means of a Jacquard loom to bind the pile loops (225) or to bind the pile loops (226).
9. Method according to claim 1 and claim 8, characterised in that
   the pile warp threads which accompany the weaving process are associated with the backing fabric (22) as dead pile (TP) and are bound therein.
10. Method according to claim 1 and claim 8, characterised in that
    the pile warp threads which accompany the weaving process are associated with the second flat fabric (21'') as dead pile (TP") and are bound therein.
11. Method for producing a pile fabric
    having pile loops and pile legs which are alternately bound in accordance with a pattern to a flat fabric which acts as a backing fabric
    on a loom which operates with three shuttles and which produces two flat fabrics which are joined together by means of pile loops,
    pile threads which in each case form the pile being associated optionally with the pile loop binding or pile loop binding of differently binding weft threads of the two flat fabrics by means of a Jacquard loom, the pile threads which form pile loops being tensioned between a weft thread which is inserted at the pile side of the backing fabric and another weft thread of the base material and
    the pile threads which form pile legs first being tensioned as pile loops between weft threads of the two flat fabrics and being separated, with the pile legs being formed between the two flat fabrics, with a cutting element being prevented from coming into contact with the peaks of the pile loops,
    characterised in that
    both flat fabrics are constructed as a backing fabric (22a, 22b) for one pile fabric (220) each and wefts (221, 222) are inserted into each of these backing fabrics (22a, 22b) in each course in the respective outer weft insertion planes,
    in that the weft threads which tension the pile loops (225, 225', 225'') at the pile side of the respective backing fabric (22a, 22b) are spaced from the weft threads (222a, 222b) of the backing fabrics (22a, 22b) as tensioned auxiliary weft threads (231a, 231b) in each case by means of lancets (14a; 14b) which are each associated with a base material (22a, 22b) and are arranged so as to be mutually spaced-apart and
    in that the auxiliary weft threads (231a, 231b) for both base materials (22a, 22b) are inserted in the central weft insertion plane and are alternately associated, with selection in accordance with the pattern, with the pile threads of the upper base material (22a) or the pile threads of the lower base material (22b).

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