US1329744A - Gas-producer - Google Patents

Description

G. H. BENIANIIN.

GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED IUNE 19, 1918.

iatented Feb.

2 SHEETS-'SHEET l.

WENT'OH.

V1: I ...ME

l IM G. H BENJAMIN.

GAS PRODUCER.

AfPLmATIoN FlLEn1uNE19,191e.

Patented Feb. 3, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

@rrp sar ATENT orrron.

GEORG-E HILLARD BENJAMIN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

GASPRODUCER.

Application filed June 19, 1918.

T0 all whom t may concern.'

Be it Vknown that I, GEORGE HILLARQBEN- JAMIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at N ew York, in the county and State' of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Producers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists in a gas producer ladapted to utilize gas producing materials, such as fine coal or qulm.

My improved gas producer involves the employment of the following instrumentalities:

(1) A structure having the general characteristics of a tunnel kiln.

(2) Means for heating the interior of the kiln by the combustion of gas and air.

(3) Mea-ns for supplementing the heat due vto the combustion of gas and air.

(4) Means for holding the gas producing material to be decomposed, and progressively moving the material through the kiln.A

(5) Means for causing the products of combustion of gas and air to pass through the gas producing material in the kiln and be carried out of the kiln, as well as other features of construction which will be des'ci'ibed in connection with the drawings.

The general object of my invention is to economically and continuously produce a combustible gas.

The accompanying drawings will serve to illustrate my invention, in which:

Figure 1 is av vertical transverse section through the gas producer.

Fig. 2 is a plan View taken on the line Il Il of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section taken on the line III-IH of Fig. 1.

Fig. el is a horizontal longitudinal section,

taken on the line IV-IV of Fig. 1.

In the drawings, 5 indicates a tunnel structure, which in general construction,`

outline, material employed, etc., may conform with that usually employed in tunnel kilns for drying and burning brick, pottery and the like. The body of the kiln is divided transversely into three sections, c., G the entrance section, 7 the central section, and 8 the exit section. The respective sections are adapted to be separated by vertical moving doors 9, and the outer ends of the Specification of lLetters Patent.

Patented Feb, 3, 192i).

Serial No. 240,731.

- sections 6 and 8 by the vertical moving doors l0. Sections 6 and 8 are preferably made of the required length to contain one car 11, but maybe made longer; the central section to contain any number of cars, as desired.'

The whole length of the kiln should' be such as is found necessary to effect complete de` composition of the gas producing material carried by the cars during their passage through the kiln. For ordinary bituminous coal, the kiln may be from sixty to one hundred and forty feet in length; for anthracite coal, between sixty and two hundred controlled through the rheostat 15. The up! per portion 16 of the cars, has inwardly inclined sides and is made of refractory material. Arranged in the bottom of the cars is a grate 1T, consisting of a series of spaced bars 18 and va rotary member 19 (see Fig, 2). The bars 18 are provided withgear wheels 18a whereby rotation of one bar by means of'rotary member 19 causes rotation of all of the bars. The rotary member 19 adapted to cooperate with a vertically disposed arm 20, arranged in the path of movement of the car, whereby when the rotary member 19 is actuated, the bars 18 are rotated for the purpose'of stirring up the ash in the bottom of the cars over the grates,V

so that it will be discharged upon the mov-` ing chain carrier 21 which receives motion from any suitable source of power, as for instance, the chain Q2. By continuously dis-` charging the ash, the passage of the products of combustion through the body of the fuel in the car is not interfered with as would bc the case ifthe ash were allowed to accumu- Vlate.

lconnected with the terminals of the dynamo haust blower, as will hereafter'be described.

Situated at each side of the kiln, are gas and air burners 27, which when ignited, will inject fiame on bodies of refractory mav terial 28 located in the pockets or bags 29. Secured to the sides of the car, are runners 30, which move in channels 31 containing` sand, the purpose of which is to act as diaphragms to prevent the passage of products of combustion from pockets 29, except through the fuel inthe car. 32 indicatesl fines connectedl to ,the lines 33, in turn conl nected tot-he inlet of a suction blower' 34. The outlet of the blower 34 maydiseharge into. any suitable gas receiver.

The rail 13 on one side of the kiln, is, preferably divided into sections 13, as shown in Fig. 2, the objectof which to 4provide for the regulation of the temperature of successive zones along the length of the kiln. To give motion to the cars through the kiln, power is transmitted to shaft 35, through a sprocket wheel 36, which gives motion to chain belt The chain belt 22 is provided with projections 37, which cooperate with depending arins 38 connected to the cars 1l. A chain belt 39, corresponding to belt 22, is arranged at the opposite end of the kiln, and this belt is also provided with projections a0, corresponding to 37. It will be understood that movement imparted to belt 22 is transmitted to belt 21 and from belt 21 to belt 39.

rllhe operation of my improved producer is as follows: The fuel to be decomposed is introduced into a car, the car at the time being inthe positionshown at the left of Fig. 3, this position being equal in distance, to the space occupied by two cars. rllhe belt is then started, which moves the car to the position indicated in dotted lines. lThe belt then stopped. lt being now desired to introduce a car into the kiln, the door 9 at the left hand end of the kiln is lowered and the door 10 raised, and simultaneously the door 9 at the right hand end of the kiln raised, and the belt again started. rll`his moves the car into the position indicated at X at the left hand end of the kiln. and the car into the position indicated at Y at the right hand end of the kiln, the cars in the kiln being correspondingly moved forward, after which the door 9 at the left hand eed of the kiln israised and the door 10 lowered, the door 9 at the right hand end of the kiln raised and the door 1() lowered. The object of raising and lowering the doors, is to prevent any considerable escape of gas through the entrance and exit openings of the kiln, and to permit the cars to be progressively introduced into and withdrawn from the kiln. It will be seen from the above, that the cars are given a step by step motion through the kiln. As the car is moved through the kiln, the rotary member 19 on the car in each section. strikes the arm 2O and frees the ashes, which fall upon the carrier 21 to be discharged external to the kiln.

The heating of the kiln is -primarily dueto the combustion of the gas derived from the gas and air burners 27, which impinges upon the body of refractory material 28 in the pockets 2f), thereby eflecting'complete combustion of the gas. The products of combustion then follow the direction indicated by the arrows, upward and downward through the body of fuel l1 in the car 11, thence through the openings 24e through Hue 32 to flue 33 to blower 34, to be discharged .into a gas receiver, not shown.

As the heat due to the products of cornbustion isnot sufi'icient to completely disassociate the fuel in the car 11, the heat is augmented by electric heat due to the passage of electric current from the dynamo lst between the electrodes 23, the material 41 in the car serving as a resistance medium. 'llhe temperature of the fuel at this zone is sufficient to disassociate CO2 to form CO The construction of this feature of the car is substantially the same as that disclosed in my prior U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,225,396 dated May 8, 1917. rli`he gas derived from the decomposimg material, associated with the precincts of combustion, is carried out of the kiln through the flue 33. The temperature of the interior of the kiln can be regulated as desired, by controlling the independent gas and air burners 27 (see Fig. et) and independent rheostats 15 (see Fig. 2). 1t will further be understood that by regulating the gas and air at the burners, the flame and the products of combustion may exert either an oxidizing or a reducing effect, as desired, or the gas supply may be cut off at the burners and air introduced, where it is desired to l'aid combustion of the fuel in the cars, for any reason. l

lllt will be observed that the heating effects, due to the combustion of the gas Vand air at the burners, are applied through radiation from the walls of the kiln and the sides of the car, as also bythe convected heat carried by the vapor body passing through the fuel in the Caron. the way to the blower, and\ that the rapidity of motion of the vapor body can be regulated by the movement of the blower 34. By controlling the diderist 'rial to be decomposed and progressively moving it through the kiln, means for heating the interior of the kiln, means whereby rthe heated gases set free in the. kiln will pass through the material to be decomposed,

and be discharged out of the kiln.

2. In a gas producer, the combination of a tunnel kiln, means for holding the material to be decomposed and progressively moving it through thev kiln, means for heating the interior of the kiln, means whereby the heated gases set free in the kiln will pass in a downward direction through the material to be decomposed, and be discharged out of the kiln.

3. In a gas producer, the combination of a tunnel kiln, means for holding the material to be decomposed and progressively' moving it through the` kiln, means for heating the interior of the kiln, means for heating a portion of the material to be decomposed to a temperature higher than the balance ofthe material, means whereby the heated gases -set free 4in the kiln will passl through the material to be decomposed, and.

be discharged out of the kiln,

4. In a gas producer, the combination of a tunnel kiln, means for holding the material to be decomposed and progressively moving it through the kiln, means for heating the interior of the kiln, means for heating the material to be decomposed by the passage of an electric current across the material using the material as a resistance medium, and means whereby the heated gases set free in the kiln will pass in a downwardI direction through the material to be decomposed, and be discharged out of the kiln.

5. In a gas producer, the combination of a tunnel kiln, means for holding the material Vto be decomposed and progressively" moving it through the kiln, separately controlled gas and air burners located on opposite sides of the kiln, means forming part f of the means for holding the material to be decomposed, for supplementing the heat set free rom the gas and air burners, and means for exhausting from the kilnl the gaseous body produced.

6. In a gas producer, the combination of a tunnel kiln, a series of moving cars for holding the material to be decomposed and progressively moving it through the kiln, means for heatingl the interior of the kiln, means whereby the heated gases set free in the kiln will pass through the material to be decomposed, means Jfor transmitting an 7. In a gas producer, the combination of.

a tunnel kiln, a series of cars adaptedto be moved through the kiln and to carry the material to be decomposed, means for heating the interior of the kiln, means consisting of oppositely disposed electrodes carried by the cars and adapted to be energized from a source exterior to the kiln, for creating a Zone of temperature in the material carried by the cars, in excess of that due to the heated gases set free in the interior of the kiln, means whereby the heated gases set free in the interior of lthe kiln will pass through the material to be decomposed, and means for exhausting from the kiln the gaseous body produced.

8. In a gas producer, the combination of a tunnel kiln, a series of cars adapted to be moved through the kiln, these cars having their side walls perforated at or near the bottom, separately controlled gas and air 4burners on each side of the kiln, an exhaust blower located exterior to the kiln, flues within the kiln connected to the blower at l one end and in communication with the openings 1n the sides of the cars at the other end, and means interposed between the mov- 'ing cars and the interior walls of the kiln whereby the products of combustion set free at the gas burners as well as the gas set free by the material on the cars, will pass through the material, out of the openings in the walls of the cars, through theliues, and

drawn from the kiln by the blower.

9. In a gas producer, the combination of a tunnel kiln, oppositely disposed rails arranged in the bottom of the kiln, one of said rails divided into sections and such rail and rail sections respectively connected to the opposite poles of a dynamo machine arranged external to the kiln, a series of movable vehicles in said kiln adapted to move over said rails, electrodes carried'by said moving vehicles, rheostats interposed between the sections of one rail and one terminal of the dynamo, means separate from the electrodes for heating the interior of the kiln and the body of material to be decomposed, together withl means for exhausting from the kiln the gaseous body produced.

l0. In a gas producer, the combination of a tun-nel kiln, a series of cars for' holding the material to be decomposed and progres- 11. lin a gils producer, the combination of a tun-nel kiln,` means 'for holding the ninteteiizrl to be decomposed und progressively moving it through the kiln, meu-ns For heuting; the interior of the kiln and the material to be decomposed, and means .vhereh)rv the products of Combustion and the heated vapor set free Within the kiln will be caused to move in :i dovvnjvard direction through the material to be decomposed und to be dis- 10 charged from the kiln.

ln testimony whereof l aHiX my signuture.

GEURGE HUJLRD BEN. AMN.

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