US1423408A - Gas-fired pottery kiln - Google Patents

Description

A. MCD. DUCKHAIVI;

@As msn POTTERY KlLN.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.29, 1921.

aented July E87 w22,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

` ggg A A. MCD. DUCKHAN.

GAS FIRED POTTERY KILN. APPLICATloN FILED DEC,29.1921.

Patented uy i8, i922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A 'I may @ci e, i am *l l l f e 'si z' i` l i i? v i ilhiiliaar alfras diarias@ Altri-run. ivrcnoneann DUGKHAM, or Lennon, ENGLAND.

GAS-Frama rofrfrnnsz mijn.

gglg. Specification of Letters Patent. Patgmflk July 1S g22 Application led December 29, 1921. Serial No. "25,723.

Be it known thatl, Anm-iur. MGDOUGALL Doom-rami, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing in London, England, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Gas-Fired Pottery Kilns (for which l have made application for patent in Great Britain, dated @otober 5, 1920, Serial No. 28,248), of which the following is a specification. n In kilns for burning argillaceous ware such as bricks, pottery and the. like, heat is generally supplied to the kiln at one or more points in the kiln chamber, the heat being obtained by the direct combustion of solid fuel in gratesk forming part of the kiln chamber itself, or by the combustion of gases supplied by a central generator. In some cases hot airis supplied for completing the combustion.` The combustion Zone is usually a small chamber of brickwork known as a bag, forming part of the construction of the kiln. The disadvantages of this system of heating are: (l) That the brickwork of the kiln proper is subjected to the directand intense heat ot the combustion in the bag, with consequent heavy eX-` penses for maintenance. (2) The bags being isolated in different parts of the kiln, the heating is inclined to be localized about that portion ofthe kiln. (3) The heating usually being in a downward direction, the materials are notconsistently burnt throughout, the upper portions of the material in the kiln being more highly heated than the lower. y

By this invention these disadvantages are overcome by providing one or more bags or chambers for combustion independent of the kiln brickwork proper which dividesuthe kiln into two or more parts and so that the heating gases escaping from the bag traverse the material contained in the kiln between the bag and the walls of the kiln, or between the-bags, the gases escaping through iiues suitably formed by the stacking of the goods in a suitable manner. The bag is constructed ot suitable brickwork and preferably formed into separate chambers throughout its length. kThe gases for heating the kiln may be supplied to the bag by means of a flue or iues preferably situated beneath the bag and` may enter the bag through nostrils in its floor. Air for the combustion may be supplied through similar flues and nostrils, and combustion occurs in-the chamber orchambers of the bag. Da'inpers are providedv for the proper regulation of the combustion. rlhe top of the bag is preferably closed but ports may be left in the top covering, in order that any desired amount of heat can be allowed'to pass to the top of the kiln. The sides of the bag are conveniently formed of chequered brickwork, the openings in the sides being so formed that they can be easily regulated between each charging of the kiln so as to give the desired intensity of heating in the different horizontal'zones of the kiln.

The material to be burned isl placed in the kiln, on each side of the central bag between it and the sides of the kiln, and, if desired, alsok above the top level of the bag. Since combustion occurs inside the bag and the latter does not form any part of thekiln, the briekwork of the latter is not damaged in rany way by the direct combustion of the gases. Further, the bag can be repaired or entirely renewed without disturbing the brickwork of the kiln proper.

Another advantage of this system of heating is that complete combustion may be obtained in the chambers of the bag itself, and in the gases passing through the comparatively small chequered openings; this means that the gases passing forward to heat the material inthe kiln will be even in 'temperature. Y

The heating gases on leaving the bag pass for the most partl transversely through the material in the kiln tothe sides of the kiln, and may then pass downwards through ports in the tioor, returning to the centre under the floor thus heating the latter, to the collecting flue through which they pass to the chimney, to an adjoining kiln for the preliminary heating thereof or to any other device for using the heat still remaining in the gases.

ln the accompanying drawings Fig. l is a longitudinal vertical section and Fig. 2 is a transverse section on line 2 2 of Fig. l of a kiln constructed in accordance with the invention. l

In the kiln a is built the gas bag Z) eX- tending from end to end of the kiln along its middle. Heating gas from the producer c passes along the flue CZ and enters the gas bag through nostrils c in its door. Air for combustion enters through inclined nostrils f, one on each side of each gas nostril c, from tlues g which extend in serpentine form beneath the kiln between similarly serpentine flues 7L which convey products of combustion as presently explained. y

The products of combustion escape from the gas bag through openings z' in its sides and openings c in its cover Z. Hence they travel transversely through the argillaceous material placed in the kiln chamber m and down the sides of the kiln, Where passages have been left in piling up the material, into flues n which communicate by ports o with the aforesaid fines It. From the latter they pass to the chimney.

Having thus described the nature of the said invention and the best means I know of carrying the same into practical effect, I claim i l. A gas fired rectangular kiln for burning argillaceous Ware, a gas bag therein constructed independently of the brickwork of the kiln proper, said gas bag dividing the kiln into a plurality of compartments, said bag having constricted apertures in the sides and top whereby heating gases escaping from the bag are evenly distributed and traverse the Ware contained in the kilnv between the bag and the Walls of the kiln, the bulk of the gas passing through the ware in a horizontal direction.

2. A gas iired kiln for burning argillaceous Ware having a gas bag constructed independently of the brickwork of the kiln itself and along the middle of the kiln, said gas bag being so formed that combustion of the gases takes place in the bag `and is substantially complete beforethe heating gases leave the bag and whereby the products of combustion do not impinge directly on the brickivork of the kiln.

3. The construction of the gas bag referred to in claim l, with a covered top and with constricted openings in its sides and top.

4:, A gas iired kiln for burning pottery,

bricks or the like having a gas bag constructed independently of the brickwork of the kiln itself and along the middle of the kiln said gas bag being so formed that conr bustion of the gases takes place in the bag and is substantially complete before `the heating gases leave the bag and that the products of combustion do not impinge directly on the brickwork lof the kiln, and a covered tcp with constricted openings in its sides and top.

5. A `gas Iired kiln for argillaceous Ware comprising within the kiln structure, a gas bag sub-diviiling the kiln chamber externally to the said gas bag into compartments and constructed independently of the brick* Work of the kiln itself, and flue openings in the Hoor of the kiln chamber adjacent to the sides thereof, for the purpose set forth.

6. A gas fired kiln for burning argillaceous ware comprising Wi thin the kiln chamber, a gas bag constructed independently of the brickivork of the kiln itself and eX- tending along the middle line of the kiln chamber and from end to end thereof, and flue openings in the lloor of the kiln chamber adjacent to the sides thereof, for the purpose set forth.

7. A gas ,fired kiln for burning argillaceous ware, comprising Within the kiln chamber, a gas bag constructed independentlyof the brickwork of the kiln itself and extending along the middle line of the kiln chamber and from end to end thereof, a cover to the top vof the said gas bag, openings in the s aid cover and in the sides of the bag, the said openings being adapted to be varied by insertion `or removal of bricks and flue openings in the floor of the kiln chamber adjacent to the sides thereof, for the purpose set forth.

In' testimonyv whereof I have signed my name to this speciiication. A

ARTHUR MCDOUGALL DUCKHAM.

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