US1324236A

US1324236A - Inghquse electric

Info

Publication number: US1324236A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1919-12-09
Anticipated expiration: 1936-12-09

Description

R. N. EHRH'AHT.

EJECTOR.

APPLICATION FILED on. s. 19H.

1,324:,2 36. Patented Dec. 9, 1919.

IN V EN TOR.

A TTORNEYS.

' neura srrns earns onrren RAYMOND 1\T. EHRI'IART, OF EDGEl/VOOD PARK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WEST- INGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING- VANIA.

00., A CORPORATION (3F PENNSYL- EJECTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 9, 1919.

Application filed October 8, 1917. Serial No. 195,315.

To all whom it may concern: g

Be-lt known that'I, RAY onD .LT. Enunner, a cltlzen of the Unltedstates, and a resident ofEdgewood Park, inthe county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have made a new and useful Invention in Ejectors, of which the following is a specifi cation. 7

This invention relates to ejectors andhas steam actuated ejector 'in which a simple condenser or intercooler is employed between stages and improvedmean s are employed for withdrawing the cooling witer employed in said intercooler.

A further object is to produce a multistage ejector in which a new and improved condenser and separator are employed between stages for condensing the condensable fluids discharged from one stage and for separating and withdrawing thecondensed fluids so that the subsequent stage of the ejector handles only non-condensable fluids and vapors. V

These and otherobjects are attained by means of an ejector embodying the features herein described, and illustrated in the; drawings accompanyingand forming a part hereof.

initial stage 5 through an inlet port 8, which communicateswith a combining chamber9. A group of divergent nozzles lOext'end into the" chamber 9' and receive motive fluid, hereinafter called steam, from asteam chamber 11. The nozzles expand the steam traversing them and discharge it athigh velocity into and through the chamber 9, and a diffuser 12 which is in open communication with the chamber 9, and is illustrated as a converging diverging difluser tube 12. In fact the chamber Q'may be considered as the converging portion of the. diffuser. The nozzles 10 expand the steam to substantially the pressure normally existing within the chamber 9, that is, to the pressure of the fluid to be exhausted or compressed and the velocity energy of the mixture of steam and entrained fluid is converted into potential or pressure energy in the passage through the divergent portion of the diffuser.

At the outlet or divergent end of the diffuser 12,1 have shown an intercooler or condenser of the jet type having a centrally located group of nozzles 13 which receive cooling water through an inlet pipe or passage 14 and which discharge it in finely divided form into and through a combining cone 15. The mixture of fluid and steam discharged by the initial stage 5 is intimately mixed with the cooling water in the combining cone l5, and the steam and other condensable fluids are condensed.

The coolingwater, the condensate and the uncondensed fluids and vapors pass through the combining cone 15 into a separator or trap 16 which, as shown, comprises, an open receptacle serving as a baths and receiver in which the liquids are brought to rest so that the air and other non-condensablc fluids andvapors may separate out. The receptacle 'l6tis surrounded by a casing 17 which. forms an open and tree means of communication between the outlet of the first stage 5 and the inlet to the second stage 7.' As shown, a passageway 18 is formel between the receptacle and the casing which establishes communication between the outlet of the combining cone l5 and inlet to in the condenser and the intercooler.

at the inlet to the second stage and are in clined so as to discharge a conical jet of steam into the converging end of a converging diverging diifuser 22, which forms a portion of thesecond stage. The fluids issuing from the first stage are entrained by the conical jet of steam issuing from the nozzle 19, and the velocity energy of the mixture of steam and entrained fluid is converted into pressure energy in the passage through the diffuser 22, which is so designed that the pressure of the mixture raised to that existing at the outlet of the difi'user.

As illustrated, the water and condensate collected in the receptacle 16 may be withdrawn through a lateral conduit 23 by any suitable means.

ll here the ejector is employed for removing air or non-condensa-ble fluids from a condenser, I preferably discharge the cooling or condensed water employed in the intercooler into the condenser by taking ad vantage of the differences in pressures with- In order to prevent air or non-condensable fluids from passing into the condenser from the intercoolcr, I employ a manometric connection 23 between the intercooler and the condenser which is capable of delivering water to the condenser and of preventing the delivery of air or non-condensable fluids from the intercooler to the condenser. In the drawings I have illustrated the ejector in connection with a portion of a condenser 24?. The inlet 8 of the ejector connnunicates with the air oiitake port of the condenser and th receptacle 16 of the inter-cooler communicates with a U-shaped pipe or passage 23 which, in turn, comn'uinicates with a port formed in the shell of the condenser. The pipe so formed that the legs of the U- shaped portion are of suflicient length to provide for a column of water of sufiicient head to counterbalance the diflerences in pressure which may exist within the intercooler and the condenser 24. lVith this arrangement, the water collected by the receptacle 16 is delivered to the condenser 24: and forms a seal between the condenser and the intercooler which prevents air or non-condensable gases entering the condenser from the intercooler.

In the ejector illustrated the work of the second stage is reduced to a minimum because the quantity of fluids it must compress is reduced substantially to the quantity of non-condensable fluids and vapors initially drawn into the ejector. As a result the second stage may be small as compared with the second stage of an ejector not provided with an inter-stage condenser. The condenser and the trap are simple, compact and eliicient. in the inter-cooler or condenser 6 may ad- The cooling water employedvantageously be condensate withdrawn from the main condenser 2st.

lVhile I have illustrated and described but one embodiment of my invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, nodifications, additions and omissions may be made in the appa atus illustrated without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

lVhat I claim is: I j

1. In combination with a condenser, a multi-stage steam actuated ejector having substantially axially alined diflusers for withdrawing air and non-condensable vapors from the condenser, an intercooler between stages of the ejector and a manometric connection between the intercooler and the condenser.

2. In combination with a condenser, a multi-stage ejector having substantially axially alined diiiusers for withdrawing air and non-condensable vapors from the condenser, an intercooler between adjacent stages of the ejector and comprising means for subjecting the fluids discharged from one stage to cooling action of a water spray,

and a receptacle for collecting the water issuing from said means, and a .i'nanometric connection between the receptacle and the condenser.

3. In combination with a condenser, a multi-stage ejector for .ivithdrawing air and non-condensable vapors from the condenser, an intercooler between stages 01' the ejector and comprising a convergent combining cone receiving fluid discharged from one stage, means for subjecting the fluids traversing said cone to the action of cooling water, a receptacle receiving the water issuing from said cone and a passage for delivering water from said receptacle to the condenser, said passages being so arranged as to form a water seal between the working passage of the ejector and the condenser.

4:. In combination with a condenser. an ejector for withdrawing air and non-condensable vapors therefrom, comprising aditfuser communicating with an air otftake port of the condenser, at least one divergent nozzle for expanding motive fluid to substantially the pressure existing at the inlet to the diffuser and for discharging the fluid so expanded into and through thedifl'nser, a

condenser, comprising a convergent divergent difluser communicating with the air ofltake of the condenser, a steam delivery nozzle for expanding and delivering a jet of steam into and through the difluser, an inter-cooler receiving the fluid issuing from the diffuser and comprising a convergent cone communicating with the outlet of the difluser, spray nozzles located within said cone, a receptacle for receiving water issuing from said cone, acasing inclosing said receptacle and the outlet of said cone and forming a means of communication between the cone and the inlet to a second ejector, and a second ejector communicating with said casin 6. In combination with a condenser, a multi-stage ejector, an inter-stage condenser, a separator provided with a fluid off-take into which the condensed and noncondensable fluids are discharged from the condenser and in which the uncondensed fluid separates from the condensed fluids, means for withdrawing the condensed fluids from the separator and delivering them to the condenser, and means connecting with the interstage condenser beneath the separator ofltake for delivering the uncondensed fluids to the next succeeding stage of the ejector.

7. An interstage condenser and separator for mnlti-stage ejectors, comprising a combining cone in which condensable fluids from the first ejector are condensed, means for delivering jets of cooling water to the combining cone, a receptacle below the combining cone in which the liquids are collected and .having an outlet port through which liquids may be withdrawn, and means for bypassing the gases and vapors separated from the liquids to the region below the receptacle and to a second ejector.

8. In a two stage ejector having substan tially axially alined difl'users, means located between the stages for condensing condensable fluids discharged by the first stage, a

trap into which the condensed and uncon densed fluids are discharged by the condensing means, and in which the condensed and uncondensed fluids are separated, and means for connecting the trap to a point of low pressure, said means being arranged to main tain a head of liquid suflicient to seal the trap.

9. In combination in a two-stage ejector, an initial stage for partially compressing fluids, a condenser located between the stages for condensing condensable fluids discharged from the first stage, a water sealed trap for receiving the fluids discharged from the condenser, means for withdrawing condensed fluids from the trap, and means for passing uncondensed fluids around and beneath the trap to the second stage of the ejector.

10. A two-stage ejector comprising a combining chamber, nozzles for delivering jets of motive fluid for entraining fluids in the combining chamber, a diffuser tube in which the fluids are partially compressed, a condenser for condensing condensable fluids discharged from the diffuser tube, means for separating the condensed from the uncondensed fluids, a second combinin chamber for receiving the uncondensed flulds, an annular row of nozzles surrounding said chamber, and a second difluser tube for receivin the jets from the annular row of nozzles and the fluids entrained thereby and in which the fluids are finally compressed.

11. In a multi-stage ejector, an inter-stage cooler including acombining cone, a receptacle for receiving the fluids issuing from the combining cone and having a lateral offtake port, a casing surrounding the receptacle and spaced therefrom, and an annular steam chamber located below the receptacle and forming an inlet to the next stage of the ejector.

12. In a multistage ejector, an initial stage including a combining chamber and a difluser tube, means for discharging motive fluid at high velocity through the combining chamber and into the difluser tube, a condenser into which the diffuser tube dis charges, a combining cone forming a part of the condenser, means for delivering cooling water in finely divided form into and through said combining cone, a trap into which the combining cone discharges and in which the non-condensable gases and vapors are separated from the condensed fluids, means for withdrawing the liquids from the trap and the ejector, and means for delivering the non-condensable gases and vapors to the inletof the next stage of the ejector.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 6th day of October, 1917.

RAYMOND N. EHRHART. Witness:

C. W. MoGHnE.