US1611256A - Condensing and deaerating method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 21, 1926. 1,611,256

R. SUCZEK CONDENSING AND DEAERATING METHOD AND APPARATUS Filed Jan. 15, 1923 as N gyg 1 QMQWWMM Patented Dec 21,

- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Rosana. sucznx, or PHILADELPHIA, fENNSYLVANIA,1ASSIGNOR 'ro cjn; wnnnnna MANUFACTURI G COMPANY, or PHILADELPHIA. PENNSYLVANIA, A ooaron'n- TION on rnmvsnvnnm;

connnnsmq Ann nnannarnvq METHOD AND- APIPABATUS.

Application filed January 13, 1823. Serial No. 612,508.

My invention relates the de-aeration of liquid or removal froma l i uid of its air or other gaseousv content, an

5 in which there is utilized vacuum-producing apparatus serving both for the de-aerating apparatus and for other apparatus, as a condenser, evaporator, or other apparatus uti-K lizing vacuumsp iodueing apparatus. In accordance-ninth my inventi n, the l1quid to be de-aerated. is subjected tonhigh vacuum produced, at least in part, by appa-.

ratus which produces vacuum in a condenmr,

evaporator or the like.

More particularly in invention, the hi h vacuum for de-aeration is effected by multi-sta eejector apparatus, of which one stage-preferably the first stage, operates only in production of vacuum for 2 de-aeration, while the other stage or stages operate to produce a vacuum in a condenser,

an the additional or further ejector'apparatus serves also to maintain vacuum'in the main condenser of a power plant or in an evapothrough the pipe e and delivered to any suitand apparatus of the character hereinafter de-.

rator or other-apparatus.

My invention resides in the method scribed and claimed For an illustration of one ofnumerous forms my apparatus "may take, reference is to be-11ad to the-accompanying drawing, which is a vertical elevational view, parts in section, of a system embodying my invention.

Referring to the drawing, C is a mam condenser which, in the example illustrated,-

is of the-surface type, it being understood .that it may be. of the jet or any other suitable type. C represents not only a condenser, but represents generically a' .condenser, evaporator or any apparatus or vessel within which it is desired that a vacuum I relates more. particularly .to a system for such purpose.

auxiliaries, including apparatus for ole-aeraccordance with The-condensate or condensedsteam collects:

the main condenser "shall be produced or maintained. My invention will be described, however, from the aspect of its application to a steam power .plant involving a steam generator or boiler, not shown, engine or turbine, condenser, and

ating liquid, such as Water serving as feed water for the boiler, or destined for any other use or purpose.

- A steam turbine'T exhausts into the con- 60 denser C, where the exhaust steam is .condensed, as by the efieetfiof cooling water passed through the numerous cooling water tubes 0, only a few. of which areindicated;

in the hot well H, from which it is with? drawn by the condensate-removal pump P drlven by any auxiliary motor, as a smaller steam turbine M, which'may at the same time drive any other auxiliary apparatus indicated at B.

.Connected to the steam space of the c0ndenser C. asben'eathand behind the baflie plate b,'through the valve V, is the suction chamber of an ejector E having the nozzle structure N supplied with steam, as live or high pressure steam, through the ipe a controlled by the valv Ld The; ifi'user structure D of theejector discharges into the intcrstage surface condenser F, in which the motive steam from. the ejector E is condensed, the condensate: being drawn off able estination,'in the example illustrated into'the condensate of the main condenser C;

The air which has been withdrawn by the ejector E from the condenser C and raised in pressure is delivered to the suction chamber of a second ejector E having the nozzle structure N supplied by preferably live orhigh pressure steam through the pipe a, controlled by valve d. The difi'user structure D of the ejector E delivers into the surface afterscondenserG, the condensate of the motive steam of the ejector E being delivered through the pipe e to any suitable destination, and in the example illustrated, into the pipe 7 and thereby into the condensate from C. The air, further 100 trated, however, the condensate from the main condenser C, together with the condensates from the inter and after-condensers.- F and G, is delivered by the pump P throughthepipe h, first to the cooling water system of the condenser F, and thence through pipe 21 to the cooling water system of the con denser G, the cooling'water being discharged I anv other purpose.

at y and utilized as boiler feed water or for Through a pipe is, there is delivered to the tank or vessel I any liquid to bede-aerated or from which gas is to be removed. This liquid-may be raw water, or. make-up-water,

' to be utilized as. boiler feed water.

Above, or in any other suitable relation withfrespect to the tank I, is dis osed the de-ae'rating vessel or chamber within which are disposed the trays, shelves on plates in. over which the liquid to-be'deaerated is passed in' thin films. The liquid is delivered, cold, orpreviousl heated to .any suitable temperature, throng the pipe 12. .whose lower end isimmersed in the liquid in the tank I and whose upper end'termi- .nates at or above the upper-members m.

Controlling the pipe n is a valve 0' controlled by the float p upon the liquid inv the tank I, the valve 0 being opened as the level of liquid in tank I-r1ses, and the liquid in the tank I passing to the vessel J upwardly or.

-tained in the chamber J.

in any other direction through the pipe at under the influence of the vacuum main- & 'lhrough .-the passage (1 there is effected communication between the interior of the chamber and the suction chamber of a vacuum augmentor or auxiliary ejector A, whosenozzle structure N is supplied with motive fluid steam through the valve'r. The ejector A is generally of small capacity or .rating, in the sense that the amountof work pressure steam delivered through the to beperformed thereby is small. as compared -cating with the pipe 3 may, be provided a d and um H valve] rg'op'en, whereby low' pressureor exhaust steam is delivered -.to thenozzle N.

--' condensate of the main condenser f C, and thence to the feed water heater or to the and delivered to boiler thepipe s when the steam pressure in the e s attains a predetermined magnitude.

en the'filant is'in operation, thevalves "ordinarily: be; closed and the At starting, however,,f uickly to attain suitably high vacuuin, ,witl'i'fthef-valve closed, the valve d" may be open; admitting. higher pressure steam to the nozzle Nj-flthe chec'k'v valve 5 preventing the higher ressu're steam flowing into the pipe-sllzQr uring normal operation the higher r ssuresteam may be utilized in the nozzle i continuously. It is preferred, however, to use low pressure steamjas' the exhaust from the turbine M or from any. other source, the. ressure of the steam being in the neighbor ood of atmospheric pressure. When the ejectorA is not M may pass through check valve t and valve *0 to a condenser or any other suitable destination. The diffuser structure D of the ejector A discharges through conduit L into the condenser. which may be of, any suitable type, in-the example illustrated, a surface condenser. The steam and asor air from the ejector A passes around t e cooling water conducting tubes 0 the condensate collecting in the hot well H and from there do livered to any suitable destination; in the example illustrated, through the pipe 7' into the condensate of the main condenser- C The cooling water for the condenser K may be derived from any suitablesource. In the example illustrated, however, it is the deaerated liquid or water from the chamber .J 10

delivered through the pipe as to the cooling water system of the condenser K .and discharged through the pipe ;1], controlled by the valve 2, to the pipe 7 and thence into the boiler. 01, when the valves is ,wholly or partially closed, the -de-aerated liquid or water may be wholly or partially drawn oil through the pipe a, controlled by valve-b,

feed or to any other desired destinatiom' v a Efl'ecting communication between the suction elm-m er of the ejector E and the air space of the condenser K is the pipe 0. controlled by the valve f, whereby the ejectors E and 1 withdraw air not only from the main condenser C, butalso;from the chamber J through ejector A and condenser K, the auxiliary ejector or augmentor Afbeing in .efi'ect in multi-stagearrangement with the ejectors E and through'the condenser K and plpe-e the e ector A, as regards the des5 in operation, with the valvesr and Z closed, and valve 0 open, the exhaust-from turbine aerating chamber J, being the firstof a triple stgge ejector "system for effecting high vacuum, as oftheorder of inches mer- .cury,,w it-hin the chamber J, t e ejector. A

raising the p'ressureof air exhausted from 'chamber J "through a range .ofabout one or two inches of mercury absolute.

Within the chamber J, as -indicated, or between. the chamber J and the suction chamber of the ejectorA, may be disposed heat transfer structure comprising, in the example illustrated, a plurality of tubes 9 exteriorly subjected to the temperature ob- 1 taining in the chamber J. The. tubes '9 terminate in the end chambers h and i, into the former o f.which is delivered an suitable liquid, as water;, from any .suitab e "source, the waterjlowing firstthrough theehamber k through the tubes 9 to chamber 6 and thence through the pipe 9" to a second cooling water pass or system of the interstage condenser F, the water'being discharged at k densers F and G to assist in condensing the steam from the ejector or ejectors E, E

The mode of operation is in general as follows:

Steam from the turbine or other source T is condensed in the main condenser C, and the condensate is removed from the hot well H. In the example illustrated, the condensate is used as cooling medium for the inter and after-condensers F and G, the condensate from the condensers F and G and from the condenser K, and, when the valve 6 is closed and the valve 2 open, the de-aerated liquid or water are utilized with the condensate from themain condenser C for cooling the inter and after-condensers F and G and deliveredto the boiler or feed water heater,- or to anybther desired destination.

The ejector E removes 'air and uncondensable vapors or gases from the condenser C, maintaining therein the :usi'ial high vacuum, asof the order of 28% inches mercury, moreor less. The air and motive steam is delivered from the ejector E into condenser F, the motive steam being condensed while the air is delivered to the ejector E, where it is further raised in is the firststage, raises the or gases delivered from t e .de-aerating chamber J i by the ejector A,-simultaneously maintaining suitably high vacuum in the condenser K.

By utilization of the ejector A there is maintained inthe de-aeratingchambcr J a Eressure of air Vacuum higher, by about one or two inches mercury absolute, than obtains in the 'maincondenser C and condenser K.

I By so employing a high vacuum in the chamber J, and particularly when the" liquid or water is flowing in thin films over the structure m, the air or gas contained in the water is readily substantially comletely removed therefrom, thereby render- 7 mg it utilizable for boiler feed urposes or any other purpose where gasl dss or deaerated water is suitable or desirable.

The water delivered through the pipe '17. to the de-aerating chamber J may be cold orat ordinary temperature, in which case the de-aeration or removal of gas to desired or suitable degree will be efi'ected notwithstanding its low temperature by the high vacuum em loyed.

Due to the big vacuum employed in the chamber J there will usually obtain therein a low temperature, and this may be availed of for cooling water or liquid delivered through the pipes 9 and utilized for any suitablepurpose, including that of aiding in condensing steam in the condenser F or G, or both.

Furthermore, the 'de-acrated liquid or water, whose discharge from the chamber J is controlled by the float-controlled valve an. serves to condense the steam discharge by the ejector or vacuum-' augmentor and this heat contained in the steam of the ejector A is conserved by heating the deaerated li uid or'water which may be drawn oil? at a or delivery to the boiler or'feed water heater, or any other destination, or I may be mixed with the condensate from condenser C and utilized therewith as 'cooling medium for theinter and after-condensers F and G.

By the arrangement described, efi'ective de-aerationor' removal of gas from liquid I or water is efiected by high vacuum, and such high vacuum is obtained in accordance with this invention at small cost, since the .main ejectorE or main ejectors E and E for the main condenser are required to do.

small additional work in assisting the ejector or augmentor A in maintaining the higher degree of vacuum in the chamber J. Furthermore, the motivesteainfor the aerated water, itbeing understoodhowever,

' coolin v j examp e, water from any source may be employed, or part or all'of thecondensatethe de-aerated liquid.

4. The combination with a de-aerating that water of any other character or .from any other source may be utilized in the system of the condenser -K. Far

from 'the main condenser C may be passed through the cooling water system of the condenser K.

While I have described ejectors as uti-' lized for producing the vacua in the chamber J and condensers O and K, it will 4 be understood that other air-compressingdevices or pumps may be employed in lieu denser cooledby the de-aerated liquid and of any one or more or all of the ejectors shown and described.

The de-aeration or removal of gas fro the water or liquid is effectively obtained at low cost in operation and low cost of apparatus, since there is utilized vacuum-- producing apparatus otherwise necessary and utilized for the main condenser or -other apparatus of the plant.

Lowpressure steam formotive fluid for.

the vacuum augmentor or ejector A may be steam bled from a low pressure stage of a turbine, as either of the turbines T or M, as described in my prior Letters Patent No. 1,458,737, June 12, 1923.

. In the appended claims, for brevity, de-

aeration comprehends removal of air and other gas or gases, or the like.

What I clalm is:

1. In a vapor-condensing and liquid-de-- aerating system, the method which comprises subjecting the liquid to vacuum to effect separation of gas from the liquid, ejecting byel'astic motive fluid the separated gas in successive stages to produce said vacuum, condensing a vapor, between said stages condensing by the de-aerated liquid the condensable component of the discharge of an earlier of said stages, andin a later of said stages ejecting the air or unoondens able gases or vapors associated with said vapor.

2. The combination with a de-aerating chamber and a second chamber, of an ejector exhausting from said second chamber, a second ejector exhausting from; said deaeration chamber and discharging to thesuction of said first named ejector, .a 'con denser into-which said second named ejector dischar es, and means for cooling said condenser y the de-aerated liquid.

3. The combination with a condenser and a de-aerating chamber, of an ejector exhausting from saidcondenser, a second ejector exhausting from.- said de-aerating chamber and discharging to the suction of said first named ejector, a condenser into which said second named ejector, discharges, and means for coolingsaidsecond named condenser by chamber and a second chamber, of an ejec- "*toi'iexhausting from said second chamber, a second ejector exhausting from said deaeration chamber and "discharging to the chamber and a second chamber, of an ejec,

tor exhausting from said second chamber, a second ejector exhausting from said deaeration chamber and discharging to the suction of said first named ejector, a coninto which said. first named ejector discharges, anda second condenser'into which sa1d second named e ector dlscharges.

6; The combination with a de-aerating chamber and a second chamber, ofan ejectorexhausting from sa1d second chamber,

a second'ejector exhausting from said deaeration chamber and discharging to the suction of said first named ejector, a condenser cooled by the de-aerated liquid and into which said first named ejector discharges, and a second condenser cooled by the de-aerated liquid and into which said second named ejector discharges;

7. The combination with a condenser and. a de-aerat ng chamber, of an ejector exhaustmg from sa1d condenser, a condenser into which said ejector discharges, a second ejector exhausting from said de aeration chamber and discharging to the suction of said first named ejector, and means for coolving said second condenser with a mixture of the condensate from said first named condenser and the de-aerated liquid.

8. The combination with a condenser and a de-aerating chamber, of an ejector exhausting from said condenser, a condenser into which said ejector discharges, a second ejector exhausting from said de-aeration chamber and discharging to the suction of said firstnamed ejector, means for cooling said second condenser with a mixture of the condensate from said first named condenser and the 'de-aerated liquid, and a third condenser disposed between said second and firstnamed ejectors and cooled by the deaerated liquid.

9. The combination with a de-aeration chamber and a second chamber, of an ejec- -tor exhausting from said second chamber,

'to the suction of said first named ejector, heat-transfer structure subjected to the gases and vapors separated from the liquid to be de-aerated, means for passing liquid through said heat-exchange structure to. said con denser for cooling the same, and means for cooling said condenser by the de-aerate'd liquid.

'steam-operated ejector exhausting from said first-named condenser.

10. The combination with e, condenser and for conducting the de-aerated liquid through a. de-aeration chamber,0f Vacuum-producing the cooling system of said second named in means exhausting from said condenser, a condenser and-into the condensate of said F chamber, ail condenser into which said ejee In testimony whereof I hate hereunto 0nd named condenser to the suction of said her, 1922.

tordischarges; a connection from'said secaffixed my signature this 19th day of Octo- Vacuum-producing apparatus and means "i ROBERT SUGZEK.

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