US1321975A - Heater - Google Patents

Description

W. H. BRISCOE. HEATER. APFLICATIONlfILED F'EB. 21.1919.

1 ,32 1 975 v Patented Nov. 18, 1919.

W. H. B r isc oe vwwboz earns Ncrm winnaar) n. Baiseor., or Mission, muxas, Assiettes. or own-naar :no roi-1N n. snaar,

' or Mission, TEXAS.

HEATER.

naamw.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov.. 18, 1919.

Application 1ed`February 21, 1919. `Serial No. 278,499.

To au whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIARD H.\B1usoon, a citizen of the United States, residing at Mission, county `of Hidalgo, Texas, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Heaters, of which the following is a full, clear, and eXact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to heaters and has special reference to heaters designed for use in orchards for raising the temperature of the atmosphere at times when frosts or freezing temperature is threatened.

There have been many heaters of various designs produced for the purpose of heat` ing orchards but most of these are only partially successful. The object of my inven-l tion is to produce a heater which is simple in structure and cheap to manufacture and v which will at the same time be efficient in raising the temperature of the atmosphere in the vicinity. Y

Another object is to produce a device of the character described which will be capable of burning oil or other similar hydrocarbon and which will allow a plentiful supply of air in such a manner as to cause.

approximately complete combustion.

Referring to the drawings forming a part of this specification and in which like characters of reference are applied to like parts throughout the views, Figure 1 is a side view in elevation showing the exterior construction of my improved heater. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through my heater, showing the interior construction thereof. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the same.

My heater is specially adapted for burning crude oil or petroleum and is formed with a lower container l., preferably cylindrical in shape, said container having an upper frusto-conical. inclined portion 2, terminating in a cylindrical nipple 2', which may be crimped or fiuted as shown in Fig. 3. This nipple connects the container l, with an elongated outlet pipe 3, designed to carry off the products of combustion. This outlet pipe or smoke stack 3, is detachably litted over the nipple 2 and may be used or not as desired. At one side of the container l, and toward the upper part thereof is a laterally extending spout or hearth 4, having an upper approximately horizontal opening 5 provided with a lid 6, adapted to close or regulate the size of the opening 5 and thereby control the draft when the heater is burning. This lid 6 is hinged at its inner end 7 and may be regulated as to the height to which it is raised by means of an outer supporting member 8, pivoted, to the outer end of the lid at 9, and provided with notches l0 for contact with the outer end of the hearth 4- to adjust the "amount of draft` allowed.

The outlet pipe 3 is provided with a hood or cap 11, pivoted at 12 to one side of the said outlet pipe, so that it may be used to close the said pipe when desired.

In this type of heater, no wick or other device for feeding thefluid is necessary. The oil is poured into the heater until the same is filled, so that the level of the oil will stand nearly to the height of the opening 5. W'hen it is desired to start the burner, the cap ll is thrown back from the outlet pipe and the draft regulating lid 6 is lifted. A torch is then applied to the opening 5 so as to `ignite the crude oil therein. rlhe speedy ignition of the crude oil may be facilitated by the use of a small quantity of gasolene or other inflammable substance at the hearth, if desired. rlhe draft will enter the opening 5 "passing inover the surface of the fluid and thence up the outlet pipe .3

carrying with it the products of combustion resulting from the burning `ofthe oil.

When the oil is ignited at the hearth only, the combustion is not complete and although the heater sends out a very eifective heat, there also is produced at the upper end of the outlet pipe 3 a smudge 0r smoke which will settle over the orchard and will serve in a small degree to prevent the rapid radiation of heat upwardly from the ground as would otherwise take place in the absence of the blanket of smoke. lf, l1owever,the torch is applied to the top of the smoke stack 3 after the fire has been burning a few minutes, combustion will also take place at the upper end of the pipe, and the products of the incomplete combustion at the surface of the oil, will be ignited and the sn'iudge or smoke will practically disappear, producing, however, an intense heat. The height of the lid 6 is usually adjusted to allow suilicient air to be fed into the heater, in order that the combustion of the fluid will be es nearly @Omni-ete .es possible,

The burner maybe used Without the smoke stack, or outlet pipe 3, if desired, but it has been found that the heater is not quite so eliicient Whenso used, due no doubt to the fact that the draft is not quite so goed, and also to the fact that the heating area is in creasedby means of the said outlet pipe. The combustion at the upper end of the stack distributes the heat at a somewhat higher level and more eiiciently distributes the same through the atmosphere in the neighborhoods. ofthe trees in the orchard. When vused jvvithout the smoke stack a greater degree of heat is obtainedby igniting the -oil at the yhearth asbefore, and by then again igniting the gas at the outlet nipplerQ, as isdone when the smoke stack is used. It. has, been found that the outlet pipe, 3 is moreeiiicient when a certain length of pipe is used. If the heater is used With.- out the' pipe, it has been found not quite so eflicient as When the pipe is used, and furtherif the pipe vis yincreased in length unduly, a decrease ineliciency is observed. A section of pipe about'QeL inches in length for a heater of the size used in orchard Work is found t0 be about right'. Y

It will be seen that this deviceis capable of varying adjustment for different purposesrand is veryV eliicient in any of the Ways Vin* Which it' is used.v When serving both as afheaterand as afsmudge pot, it acts to heat theatmosphere in the neighborhood of the trees and' the blanket of smoke produced by the Aincomplete combustion of the oil will u serveto retain 'the heat in the vicinity of the trees so aste ,effectively prevent a further fall intemperature.- When used as a heater alone the amount of oil used in burning is no larger than when used both as a heater and a smudge potbut the volume of heat is greatly increased. lVhen it is desired to confine the heat rtoward the lowest part of the Ytrees or- `when used on small fruit the smoke staekmay be dispensed with and the heat Will be largely distributed close to the earth.y When intended for use With large trees Where the danger of frost threatens all the trees, the useof the smoke stack will greatly increase the volume of heat and Will distribute the same more eiiiciently for the full height of the trees.

In 'practice theseburners are installed at regular intervals throughout the orchard and when it is found that the temperature is approaching the danger point for the fruit, the Workmen Will passthrough the orchard lighting these burners in the manner described and the heat from ,the said burners will, ,act to 'keep 'the temperature of the the cap 1l is shut down on the outlet pipe 3. This will prevent the entrance of air and oxygen to the lire a ud the same will be soon extinguished.

It has been found that these burners are remarkably economical and eliicient and when properly used will entirely prevent freezing in the orchard under any ordinary frosty night conditions.

Thile I have illustrated my invention as being' cylindrical in shape, it is obvious that this shape is entirely immaterial and it could be of any ordinary shape and I do not Wish t0 confine myself to any particular form of apparatus, except as is limited in the claims hereto. The device is especially adapted for burning petroleum, but it is obvious that other fluids could be used and the device is not ylimited to the particular burning of oil.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

l. A portable burner for liquid fuel, comprising a fuel container, a lateral. hearth thereon, said hearth extending from the upper to the lower ends of said container so as to conduct air to the bottom thereof when required, a cover for said container, and an outlet pipe on said cover, said cover and outlet pipe being nnperforate and the interior of the container unobstructed, whereby the fuel in said burner is adapted to burn both at the hearth and at the upper end of said outlet pipe. l

2. An orchard lmrner for liquid fuel comprising a container having its interior clear and unobstructed, an imperforate upwardly tapering cover thereon, an imperforate outlet pipe on said cover and a hearth on one side of said container adapted to deliver v air to the fuel at any level in said container and a damper on said hearth at the upper edge of said container.

8. A portable burner comprising a container for liquid fuel, an imperforato tapered cover therefor, au imperforated outlet pipe on said cover, a lateral hearth ou said container' and extendingfrom top to bottom thereof and an adjustable damper on the upper end of said hearth.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature this the 15th day of February A WILLIARD u, museen

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