US1908354A - Orchard heater - Google Patents

Description

May 9, 1933.

.1. s. HoDGEs 1,908,354

ORCHARD HEATER Filed June l, 1931 a 30 if; e il.

Attorney.

Patented May 9,

UNITED STATES PATeNr oFF-ice JOHN s. HoDGEs, or WEST RIVERSIDE, cALrronrTrAv Application fue@ nine. 1, 1931. sriar No. 541,413.`

This invention relates to and has for .an`

object the provision in an orchard heater in combination with the usual oil or fuel receptacle, ofa detachable combustion chamber having a base constituting a` generator and a frusto-conical member adapted lto bel submerged in the oil of the receptacle, 5 arranged one within the other for directing the heat upwardly to and through a stack which is usually provided on said receptacle.

In the considerationV of this intention it' may be understood that orchard heaters are usually arranged to burn crude oil, and comprise a base forming a receptacle forthe oil and a stack superposedonlthe base, whereby the products of combustion are discharged from the stack to the atmosphere. In existing types of heaters the combustion is not complete, and `therefore unnecessary quantities of smoke and smudge emanate from the heaters during theroperation thereof.y

It is an ob]ect of this invention to provide an orchard heater of simple, economical and effective character which lvvill almost,

if not quite completely, eliminate the smokev attendant upon the use of such heaters.V This I accomplish by providing-in the base of the heater andthruout the superposedlpor-V tions thereof sufficient radiating surfaces 30 whereby a maximum heat may be generated in the base of the heater for the-,purpose of volatilizing the fuel and,y thereafter effecting a completecombustion in and thruout the heater in order that a minimumof vsmokeor "Y smudge may be discharged-intothe atmosphere, and a minimum` amount,` of carbon will be deposited on therfwalls andstack ofv the heater. Y t

By reason, 0f, the conflirzlete` Combustion effected by the useof, my heaterit yWill beapparent thatthe operation of; the heater is more ewnemcaha higherfdegree :0f heatis obtained, and a substantial economy iseffetedin the cost of fuel. t,

A Other and more, detailed Objects, of; invention may appeanasr the description proi-V gresses.

Shown: a preferred: forniA Offmy invent-ion In theV accompanying-f drawing have the appended claims without departingfrom,l the spirit thereof. In-said drawing,

Fig.-1 is a` composite elevation of an; as-. sembled orchard heater embodying my im-` provements, partly in section and partly 'in 55. exteriorelevation. f

Fig. 2 is aY sectional line 2%-2 of Fig. 1.. i v f `I1`ig.3 is a sectional plan on line 3-f3 of F1g.1. y C Briefly described, my improvements inf clude a fuel receptacle 1 having a. detachable top 2 and a combustion c-hamberassociated with the receptacle and includingl a gener,- ator3an intermediate section .4, and inner 05 and outerljchimneys or stacks `and` 6,.reA spectively, superposed on the section 4.# Y i It will be noted that the generator-Sis perforated and is Y adapted to:V be seatedon the bottom 74 of the receptaele"1-and sub` 79 merged in a volume of fluid fuelA 8, Such as crude petroleum. The generator 3 has enlargedbase portion 9` with an inwardl turned flange 10 at thepbottom, atpwhic point the generator 4rests upon Lt'he i bottom of 7.5 the receptacle?.v The generator also isprof, vidediwith a frusto-concal upper portion 1I having a Hange 12 underlyingthe top, 2ofi the receptacle 4 i A Y A thimble 13 is suitablysecured in. the $9 plan of, the same on openingof the upper portionll ofrjthegenerator, and projects upwardly beyondf the fiangel-Zfor a. suitable distance so as tovtcelef. scope into the intermediate section 4 which is detachably-fltted onto the thimbleorvper- 8,5'

and the member 14 to the-.samelevel asinthereceptacle 1, The` intermediate portion 4. i provides. en ;-Oxygenatingf zonel there 1.90

Within to which oxygen is supplied from the atmosphere, preferably thru two series of apertures 17, 17 etc., arranged one above the other and formed in series around the periphery of the member 4.

A pair of dampers 18, 18 are fitted on the exterior of the member 4 and 'are provided with similar-apertures 19,19 etc;',whichfare adapted to be adjusted to and fromfregistra-Y tion with the apertures 17, 17 etc. in the member 4, for regulating the amount' of oxygen admitted to the zone 16. The dampers 18 may have their extremities 20 bent outwardly as shown in Figs. 1. andV '3 `on radial lines from theaxis of themember 4 so asfto'provide meanswherebythedampers' may be rotated on the; member 4 for open? ing and closing the apertures 17 to adesired extent.

The inner chimney 5 and the outer chimney 6 are also of frusto-conicaly form and graduallydecrease in diameter from their lower extremities to their upper extremities. The chimney 5 is substantially spaced from and is concentric with the outer chimney 6. The chimney 5 may be provided with a -plurality of perforations, las at 21, for' affording lcommunication between the passage 22 in said chimney with the space 23 in the chimney, which is externally of the inner chimney.` Thelower 'end of the inner chimney has an inwardly turned flange 24 tov which a depending collar 2,5v is attached by bending alternate spaced lugs 26' and 27 over andlunder the flange 24, respectively.

JTA- plurality of members 28 may be riveted to the collar 25 so as to overlie the upper end of the member 4,` whereby the chimneys' and 6 may besupported on saidmember 4. The collar25 telescopesA downwardly into the ymember 4 and may be frictionally held' in position by any suitable means, as for instancera band 29 fixed to thev vertical legs ofthemembers 28, or otherwise.

The lower end 30 of the outer chimney 6 isiturned'inwardly so as to frictionallyengage the periphery ofthe inner chimney 5, and suitable lugs or blocks 31 may be attached to the innerperiphery of the outer chimney. 6 for frictional engagement with they upper'end of the inner chimney 5 for spacing the inner and outer chimneys apart. YAIn operation, a sutcient quantity of the fluid` fuel 8 is placed in the'fuel receptacle 1 and the fuel is ignited by any suitable-means and initial combustion takes placel in the frusto-conical portion 11 of the generator 3, thus'serving 'to heat the entire base of the heater by radiation and to gradually volatilize the fuel not only'within the generator 3 lbut also 'within the intermediate section 4. y'1-heda'1npers 18 Vare adjusted properly for introducing sufficient quantities of oxy gen for effecting a more perfect combustion ofthe gasesgenerated within the`r heater.

vtraversed the combustible elements have been ,substantially consumed, and the heat 'discharged from the outer chimney 6 is substantially smokeless. v

The perforations 21 in the inner chimney 5 serve to direct heat into `,the shallowspace 23 so as lto radiate heat from ythe stack 6y into the orchard or Zone surrounding the heater. As the level of fuel is'decreased to a point below the top of the member 14 within the generator the burning gases are deflected outwardly lagainst the frusto-'conical wall 11 of the generator 3 instead offbeing directed upwardly thru the chimneys land to the atmosphere. fThus, vwhenthe fuellevel is lowered the combustion Zone of the generating a'me is centralized and concentrated in but is not necessarily confined to the`x member 14, and the heat is deflected against portion 11 and thence upwardly thru the stack.l Y

' It will be obvious that the Vwalls of the heater from the top of the stack 6 to the bottom of thefgenerator 3 become hotteras com# bustion continues, and the longer the heater, is in operation the more complete the combustionv will be.

In 'other types lof heaters it is almost, if`

not quite, impossible to consume the fluid fuel beyonda depth of two inches or` more from the bottom of the receptacle, whereas in my heater with the arrangement shown I am enabled to consume substantially all -of the fuel by reason of the form of the generator and the means provided for ymaintaining an ample draft 'at all times.l Vhat I claim is: A Y g 1. An orchard heater c'omprisingin combination'with a fuel receptacle, a perforated generator submerged in the fuel of the receptacle provided with aicombustion chamber, and havingl an inclined top portion, 'a frustoconical perforated member centrally mountedwithin the generator and of lesser height and diameter than said generator, and a stack superposed on the generator and forming f a continuation of the combustion eliamber.`. v

,2. lAn orchard heater Vcomprising a'fuel receptacle; a generator mounted therewithin and provided with a perforated frusto-V iso ferior of said generator forming a combustion chamber, and a frusto-conical member within the generator for deflecting the heat arising from combustion therein outwardly to the frusto-conical wall of the generator when the fuel level falls below the top of the frusto-conical member.

3. An orchard heater comprising in combination with a fuel receptacle, a generator mounted within said receptacle and submerged in the fuel, provided with a perforated frusto-conical wall, having a minor diameter at the top, a stack at the top of said generator and a perforated frusto-conical member centrally mounted within said generator and having its major diameter at the top for centralizing land concentrating the combustion of fuel therewithin, whereby the heat is directed therefrom against the frusto-conical top portion of said generator and thence into said stack when the fuel level falls below the top of said member.

4. An orchard heater comprising in combination with a fuel receptacle, a generator mounted within said receptacle and submerged in the fuel, provided with a perforated frusto-conical Wall, having a minor diameter at the top, a stack at the top of said generator and a perforated frustoeconical member centrally mounted within said generator and having its major diameter at the top for centralizing and concentrating the combustion of fuel therewithin, Whereby the heat is directed therefrom against the frusto-conical top portion of said generator and thence into said stack when the fuel level falls below the top of said member, the major diameter of said member being substant-iall)7 in excess of the minor diameter thereof so as to provide a substantial inclination to the wall of said member, for the purpose described.

5. An orchard heater comprising in combination With a fuel receptacle a generator including a pair of concentrically arranged frusto-conical members mounted within said receptacle and sumberged in the fuel, a stack on the outer member said frusto-conical members being perforated and centrally disposed relative to said stack, whereby the combustion of the fuel therewithin will be concentrated and centralized relative t0, and the heat from combustion will be discharged into, said stack. V

JOHN S. HODGES.

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