US1320004A - Planoqraph co - Google Patents

Description

G. HELPS.

BUNSEN BURNER. APPLICATION man MAR. 25. 1919.

Patented Oct. 28, 1919.

IIIIIIIII/ Z THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAP'I :0 WASHINGTON D C GEORGE HELPS, OF'NUNE ATON, ENGLAND.

RUNS-EN BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent. P tent d O t, 2 1919,

Application filed March e5, 1919. Serial No. 285,052. I

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE HELrs, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Manor Court, Nuneaton, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Bunsen Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to Bunsen burners and has for its object a ready means of providing a burner which will burn with a coneless or substantially coneless flame and therefore require little or no secondary air and allow of direct and close flame contact with the object to be heated. V 7

According to this invention gas isinjected through a nipple into a mixing chamber whose outlet is capable of adjustment. The chamber may be an enlarged portion of the burner tube or may be the burner tube itself.

I find that a flame of this type is produced when two surfaces are brought so close together that the friction of a completely combustible or nearly combustible mixture of gas and air passing between them is such that it is substantially equalized throughout the whole area of the orifice or point of issue of the admixture and the tendency for anycone of lengtli to be produced between them is avoided as well as any tendency to lift or blow.

It is possible to produce a coneless flame even when the admixture passes between surfaces which are extremely thin or narrow but in this case the flame produced is most sensitive to variations in the quality ofthe admixture passingvand the structure of the flame is readily upset by the least alteration in the quality of the admixture. Therefore the surfaces making the passages through which the admixture is caused to pass should not be produced by narrowness alone.

I have found that an eflicient burner which will burn with a coneless or substantially coneless flame comprises an outer body and a coned head as thereby passages sufficiently long and narrow are easily formed.

A burner having an adjustable orifice is particularly suitable for the purpose desired for not only is the size of the orifice easily adjusted to the required size for producing a stable coneless flame but s1mul-. taneously the quality of the admlxture is varied because a variation in size of the orifice regulates the relative amount of primary air injected by the gas passing into a burner through a nipple.

Thus I have found that with a given fixed orifice between any two surfaces with a hereinafter illustrated allows, a consider ably greater quantity of the given gas can be consumed per hour while still retaining a flame with a like cone which is a considerable advantage as .one burner can be used with equal economy with a small or large consumption of gas. f

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a burner showing one embodiment of this invention, and Fig. 2 is a similar view of another form of the invention. i Referring to Fig. 1, a is a burner tube (also serving as a mixing'tu'be), terminating in a mixing chamber 7) and providedi'with an internal socket 0, the mouth of the mixing chamber is beveled at a? and cooperates. with a correspondingly beveleds'urface formed on a coned head e to form'an orifice for the outlet of gases; the head 6 is provided with a stem f closely fitting the socket c which i should be of sutlicient length to. prevent any possibility of the head wabbling; g is an adjusting screw for adjusting the distance apart of'the beveled surfaces. The adjustment of the head not only throttles the outlet gases more or less but varies the inlet of primary air drawn in by the gas injected into the burner tube a through a nipple a.

The gaseous mixture will thus be varied in quality and as before set out only a given fixed quantity of a gaseous mixture can be consumed per hour when producing a flame with a given cone; it follows that by making the orifice smaller a burner of less power will be constituted while by making it larger a burner of greaterpower; in both cases a coneless or substantially coneless flame is formed unless the orifice is made unduly large, and the volume of gas excessive.

It is desirable that the passages should be 7 widthof the surface the greater is the sensi tiveness of the resultant flame and the greater the difficulty of retaining any fixed structure of flame, the least alteration in quality of gas or pressure affecting it. For example, when burning a gas of 350 British thermal units net in a burner of the type described having a diameter of 1. inches, the width of surfaces between which the admixture passes 0.46. inches and the distance apart of the surfaces 0.046 the opening may be increased to 0.060 inches or thereabout before the flame lifts. With a similar type of burner of 1-5 inches diameter, width of surfaces 0.14 inches and the distance apart of the surfaces 0.0228 inches the flame lifts when this distance is increased to 0.036. In the former case the increase in the opening was .014 inches, and in the latter case .006 inches. Or, putting it another way, with a 1}- inch adjusting screw, British standard thread, in the former case it could be turned 180 degrees, whereas in the latter case it could only be turned 80 degrees.

Referring to Fig. 2, this is similar in most respects to Fig. 1 and differs mainly in that the head 6 is provided with cuts or passages e.

What I claim is 1. In a burner adapted to burn with a coneless flame, the combination with a gas inlet, of an air inlet contiguous thereto, a mixing chamber, 'a tubular connection between the gas inlet and said mixing chamher, said chamber being of substantially larger diameter than said tubular connection, an internal socket in the chamber, a coned head adapted to cooperate with the mouth of the mixing chamber to produce a continuous narrow passage for the outlet of the gaseous mixture, said passage being of considerable length in the direction of the gas flow therethrough, a rod projecting downwardly from said head and closely fitting the socket to prevent lateral movement of the head, and means for adjusting the position of therod in the socket to change the width of the passage.

2. In a gas burner, a gas inlet serving to lead in gas under any desired pressure, an-

opening through which air can be drawn by the gas introduced at said inlet, a mixing chamber provided with 'a socket, a flared outlet for such chamber, a coned head, each part of exterior of the coned surface of which is substantially parallel to the adjacent part of the interior of said flared outlet, to produce a continuous narrow passage of uniform size throughout for the outlet of mixed gas and air, said passage being of substantial length in the direction of flow of the gas and air therethrough, a stem projecting downwardly from said coned head into the socket in the mixing chamber, and in which it fits tightly enough to prevent wab'bling of said head, and means for ad justing the position of the said stem in the socket, and hence the width of the said narrow passage.

3. In a gas burner, a gas inlet serving to lead in gas under any desired pressure, an opening through which air can be drawn by the gas introduced at said inlet, a mixing chamber, a flared outlet for such chamber, a coned head each part of the exterior of the coned surface of which is substantially par allel to the adjacent part of the interior of said flared outlet, to produce a continuous narrow passage of uniform size throughout for the outlet of mixed gas and air, said passage being of substantial length in the direction of flow of the gas and air therethrough, means for adjusting the head relatively to the flared outlet to vary the width of said narrow passage.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name this 7th day of March, 1919.

GEORGE HELPS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

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