US1319840A - Coke-oveu - Google Patents

Description

H. W. BUHLER.

COKE OVEN.

1,319,840 APPLICATION FILED JAN. 18. I917. Patented Oct. 28,1919. 8 WQ W WW WW/WW W mm W W H. W. BUHLER.

EETS-SHEET 2.

COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. I8. 1917.

Patented THE mum HENRY W. BUI-ILER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

COKE-OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Oct. :28, 1919.

Application filed January 18, 1917. Serial No. 142,996.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY W. BUI-ILER, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Boston, county of Suffolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Coke-Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates generally to heating apparatus employing fluid forms of fuel such as gas or oil, but is more specifically designed for use in coke ovens havlng a plurality of heating flues. These fines are usually formed in the walls between the re torts of the coke oven and arr.nged vertically. As heretofore built these fiues have been somewhat inaccessible for cleaning or observation and difficult of individual control.

It is most important in coking operations that the retort heating system shall be flexible and responsive to control both as a whole and in its individual units, since it is necessary to produce uniformity of heating at times and individual var 1at1ons of heating effect at other times. It is also 1mp'ortant that there shall be faclllty of lnspection, cleaning, or simple repair of any one unit without shutting down the operatlon of the entire system. My invention accomplishes these objects and, as herein illustrated, is shown applied to a coke oven having horizontal retorts with vertical combustion fines and waste gas 'fiues formed in pairs in the walls between the retorts, thls being the best form of apparatus embodying my invention at present knownto me. In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section through a coke oven, the section shown in the right hand half being taken on planes passing through the waste gas fines on the irregular dotted line CD, and the section shown 1n the left hand half on a plane passing through the heating lines on dotted line AB, of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on planes perpendicular to those of Fig. 1, the section shown in the right hand half being taken on a plane passing through the waste gas flues on a dotted line G-H, and the section shown in the left hand half on a plane passing through the heating flues on a dotted l1ne EF, of Fig. 1.

Fi 3 is a horizontal section on line I-J of Fig. 1.

Throughout the drawings like reference characters indicate like parts: 1, 1, represent retorts or coking chambers having side walls 2, 2, a common top wall 21, and a common base or foundation having galleries 22, 22, therein. In the side walls are a plurality of vertical combustion fiues, 3, 3, and waste gas fiu'es 4, alternating one with another and arranged in tandem, and all tributary to the common horizontal flue or 001- le'cting conduit 5, located above them. As indicated by the arrows, each combustion flue 3, discharges into conduit 5, through a slightly restricted opening or mouth 19, and each waste gas flue 4, draws gases of combustion or gases in process of combustion from said conduit through an opening therefrom which may be varied in size by manipulation of damper 6, which is merely a loose tile of refractory material which is confined and guided in its sliding movements by raised lips 18, 18, on the flue ends. Preferably the conduit 5, is formed in a straight line from end to end, and at one or both ends are formed observation ports or peep holes 20, 2'0.

11, 11, are gas mains in galleries 22, '22, connected to burners, or gas nozzles 13, 13, controlled by valves 12, 12. These burners extend through vertical passageways 14, 14, in the base of the oven nearly to the lower ends of combustion lines '3, 3. Air is supplied to said combustion flues from passages 15, 15, through branches 16, 16, in the oven ase.

Waste gas flues 4, 4, discharge through collecting flues 17, 17, also formed in the oven base.

7, 7, are passageways in the top wall 21, of the oven openin out of collecting conduit 5, opposite the dampered inlets to waste flues 4, 4, and 8, 8, are removable covers for these passageways. 9, 9, are similar passageways opening out of collecting conduit 5, opposite the mouths of combustion flues 3, 3, and 1O, 10, are removable covers for this second set of ports or openings.

In operation gas and air are discharged in proper proportions into the lower ends of flues 8, '3, where they combine and "the flames then pass up through the fines and through openings or flue mouths 19, 19, to collecting conduit 5, and perhaps part way down the adjacent waste gasfiues 4, 4, ultimately passing out through collecting flues 17 to a chimney (not shown). The flue walls and walls of conduit 5, are maintained a white heat throughout if all flues are working normally. If for any reason proper combustion is not taking place in any flue 3, the adjacent portion of the wall of conduit 5, will darken in color and the operator, looking through observation port 20, is immediately advised thereby of the fact of trouble and or its location. The imperfect working of the offending flue can then be immediately corrected by manipulation of adjacent dampers 6, 6, or of the proper gas valve 12, or by both means. As shown, the conduit 5, is of small cross section, the area of its cross section being little larger than, or approximately equal to that of the mouth 19, of each combustion flue or the undampered inlet to each waste gas flue 4:. In other words, the areas of the discharge mouths 19, 19, of flues 3, 3, and of the intake mouths of flues &, a, when the latter are given their maximum area by moving dampers 6, 6, to the extreme left hand positions, looking at Fig. 2, do not vary greatly, and the cross sectional area of conduit 5, is approximately the same as that 01 each port 19, 19. In any ev nt the conduit capacity should be much less than the aggregate capacity of all the combustion flue outlets, or of all the waste gas flue inlets. Consequently the suction of each waste gas flue is substantially local in its effect on the contents of conduit 5, and this suction is transmitted to only the adjacent combustion flues, 2'. c. it takes burning gases from only the two adjacent combustion flues. Thus each waste gas flue acts only on such adjacent combustion flues unless its suction is varied widely in ct fect from that of other waste gas flues. If the darkening color of the collecting conduit walls adjacent to a given combustion flue shows the operator that such flue is not doing its full duty the reason probably is that the draft on it is below requirements. Accordingly the operator will remove cover 8, over one or both the adjacent waste gas flues, 4:, 4t, reach in with a proper tool and move their dampers 6, 6, so as to increase the openings to each flue, thereby accelerating the draft and corrccting the trouble. Also, if too great heat is being developed in any zone of a retort 1, a partial closing of dampers 6, 6, in flues adjacent to that Zone will reduce combustion, and vice versa.

Passageways 14: and 9, also afford access to flues 3, 3, by any proper cleaning tools. This would usually be done through passageway 9, alone, but, if necessary, burner 13, could be removed and passageway 14, used as an avenue of discharge for clinker or other debris collected in the flue 3, such clinker being first broken up by tools inserted through the upper passage 9. In

the same way passageways 7 7, may be used for inserting tools for cleaning flues l, 4, as well as for manipulating dampers 6, 6.

The advantages of my invention comprise the above described flexible, individual control of any flue or group of flues without interfering with the mass control of the whole system (as by variations in total chimney draft), the perfect accessibility of all flues and passages and the perfect ease of complete inspection and observation oi? all portions of the heating apparatus while in use.

I wish it understood that various changes can be made in the details of construction shown and described without departing from the substance of my invention so long as the general principles of operation and coaction of parts herein set forth are preserved.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. In a heating apparatus the combination, with a plurality of combustion flues and waste gas flues arranged in series alternately to form a plurality of heating units each provided with air and fuel supplying and waste gas removing means, of a conduit extending along the ends of all said flues and forming the sole means of communica tion between the members of each unit, and individual means for controlling such communication.

2. In a heating apparatus the combination, with a plurality of combustion flues and waste gas flues arranged in series alternately to form a plurality of heating units each provided with air and fuel supplying and waste gas removing means, of a conduit extending along the ends of all said flues and forming the sole means of communication between the members of each unit and individual means for controlling such communication, said individual means comprising a movable damper placed across the port by which each waste gas flue communicates with the collecting conduit.

3. In a heating apparatus the combina tion, with a plurality of combustion flues and waste gas flues arranged in series alternately to form a plurality of heating units each provided with air and fuel supplying and waste gas removing means, of a conduit extending along the ends of all said flues and forming the sole means of communication between the members of each unit, and individual means for controlling such communication, said collecting conduit being provided with a port through which the condition of its interior adjacent each comb-ustion flue can be observed.

4. In a heating apparatus the combination, with a plurality of combustion flues and waste gas flues arranged in series alternately to form pluralities of heating couples each provided with air and fuel supplying and waste gas removing means, of a conduit extending along the ends of all said flues and forming the sole means of communication between the members of each unit, and individual means for controlling such communication, said collecting conduit being provided with an opening in its wall opposite the end of each flue and in line with the axis thereof.

5. In a heating apparatus the combination, with a plurality of combustion flues and waste gas fiues arranged in series alternately to form a plurality of heating units each provided with air and fuel supplying and waste gas removing means, of a conduit extending along the ends of all said flues and forming the sole means of communication between the members of each unit and individual means for controlling such communication, said individual means comprising a movable damperplaced across the port by which each waste gasflue communicates with the collecting conduit, and said conduit having an opening in its wall opposite each damper through which the damper may be manipulated and its position observed.

6. In a heating apparatus the combination, with a plurality of combustion fiues and waste gas fiues arranged in series alternately to form a plurality of heating units each provided with air and fuel supplying and waste gas removing means, of a conduit extending along th ends of all said fines and forming the sole means of communication between the members of each unit, and individual means for controlling such communication, said individual means comprising a movable damper placed across the port by which each waste gas flue communicates with the collecting conduit, said combustion flue ports being of substantially uniform area of opening and said conduit having a cross sectional area approximating thereto.

7. In a heating apparatus the combination, with a plurality of combustion fines and waste gas flues arranged in series alternately to form a plurality of heating units, of a single collecting conduit extending along the ends of all said fines and communicating therewith, the maximum'individual areas of all the communicating openings being substantially uniform each with the others, and the cross sectional area of the collecting conduit being approximately equal thereto.

HENRY W. BUHLE'R.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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