US1310927A

US1310927A - Gasifier and fixing device

Info

Publication number: US1310927A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1919-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 1936-07-22

Description

G. L. REICHHELNI.

GASIHER AND FIXING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 7.1911.

1,3 10,927. Patented July 22, 1919.

ZSHEETSWSHEET 1.

u f' i I 5 Ind/@7' @f3 GQQW/SMMW @MA @WM J L GASIFIER AND FIXING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FxLED JULY 1,1911.

1,3 1 0,927 .Patented J u1y'22, 1919.

2 sEETs-SHEET 2.

. Gasifier and Fixing Devices, of which the` i AG'IIORG-IE L. REICHHELM, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

GASIFIER AND FIXING DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Julyr 22, 1919.

Application tiled J'uly `7, 1917. Serial No. 179,154.

follow-ing is a specification.

- This invention. relates to a device for gasifying and fxingiiuids, such as fluid fuel including volatile oils.

One of the objects of the invention is to facilitatemixing of liquidv fuels and fixing' the same.

v Another object is to control the relative proportions of air and liquid fuel forming constituent parts of the mixture.

Another object is to v-provide a simple and compact arrangement including a gasifier, fixing means, burner, and an associated device in which gases formed by the gasifler and fixing means will be consumed.

Another object of the invention is' to pro- Vide a gasifer, a fixer and burner combina` ltion adapted to meet the varlous requirements for successful commercial operation.

These and other objects are accomplished by providing the combination of heat emitting means, means for supplying oil .in the form of a foam, means for supplying air to mix with tl'ie oil foam and projecting the mixture against the heat emitting means for fixing the mixture, and means associated therewith in which the resultant gas may be consumed.

The invention is illustrated on the accompanying sheets of drawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a side elevationof my gasifier fixing and burner combination;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of the same; f

Fig. 3 is ay fragmentaryv plan view of a modilied arrangement lin which a steam injectoris used; r v v v Fig. 4 shows'more in detail aV complete arrngement in which a steaml injector is use g n. v A

Fig. 5 is a detail sectional View taken in the plane of line 5--5 of Fig. 4, and,

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary side elevation of a further modification of Irryinvention;l

The various novel features of-the invention will be ap arent from the following description and lrawingsand will be partielllarly pointed outin the'appended claims.

In this application lI am concerned primarily with the proper supply of 011 1n the form of a foam, the oil foam being taken up or mixed with air and the resultant mixture projected against a heated surface for fixing the gas, and means for heating the heated surface and consuming the gas formed. I

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, it will be noted thatI have provided an air inlet pipe 10, the supply of air thereto being controlled by a valve 11. The air is preferably supplied under pressure by a fan 12; Air, afterv passing the valve 11, divides proportionately in accordance with the angular position of a throttle valve 13 and passes through two.

pipes

14 and 15, the latter of which extends downwardly and has a horizontally arranged portion 16 which extends into an oil 'receptacle 17 supplied with oil from a tank 18 by a suitably driven pump 19 throu h a pipe 20. The oil4 in the receptacle 1 is maintained at a constant level, the excess amount passing through an overfiow connection 21 leading back to the supply tank 18. The laterally extending portion 16 of the pipe 15 is provided with a series of openings 22, which openings are located below the level of the oil in the receptacle 17. Air passing through the pipe 15 causes oil in the receptacle 17 to bubble up through an outlet nozzle 2:3 in the form of a foam. This nozzle 23 extends into the pipe 14 and as a result thereof oil foam issuing from the nozzle is picked up, atomized and mixed with air which is supplied through the pipe 14, the resultant mixture passing through an irregular zigzag pipe 24 andl first splayed then `passes down over an oppositely inclined surface 26, and then successively strikes surfaces '27, 28 and '29 after passing down in- '

termediate surfaces

30 and 31. All of these surfaces are heated by gas dames issuing from openings 32 formed in the upper side of a burner 33. The burner receives the gas from the zigzag pipe 24 through a passageway 34. As a result of the fuel being supplied in the form of a foam, very fine particles of liquid fuel are picked up and carried away from the nozzle 23, the action being substantially the same as that of an atomizer. The stream of fluid passing from surfaces 2 7, 2.8,v and 29 in turn. Flames whlch impmge the lower surface of the zigagainst an inclined surface 25. The mixture zag pipe 24 heat it to a considerable degree.

l Any vapor which is formed in the pipe 24 Oil may be projected against a hot sur.

face, and so long as the oil is not heated to too high a temperature there will be no sign 'of cracking. but i'f the oil is left in a. stationary position and heat imparted to it to a sufficient degree a deposit of carbon will nso through the passageway gas be the result. Oil has been splayed against the'seheated surfaces in question and it is found that so `long as these surfaces are maintained at a temperature above the, vaporizing 'point of the oil no trouble what- 'soever is encountered in preventing what is called cracking. .The surfaces canbe kept at a comparatively high temperature, that is, above a red heat without causing any cracking. This is attributed to the fact that oil surrounded by air will not become heated to a temperature high enough to crack it. The resultant vapor upon being projected against another 'hot surface causes the gas to become a* degree nearer fixation. Of

course it is apparent that if large volumes.

of gas are being treat-ed the number of heating steps should berincreased.

Instead of sulpplying'air under pressure by a fan, shown in Fig. 1, air can be drawn into the pipe (see Figs. 3 and 4) by high velocity steam 'passing into the pipe 35. from an injector 36. The balance of the action would be quite the same as when the fan or blower is used except that the steam remains an inert gas; however, in some cases it is desirable to use steam in place of installing a blower. By the action of air through the pipe 37 and openings 38 inthe laterally extending part thereof', oil in the y form of foam 1s projected from the oil receptacle 39 through the outlet tube or nozzle 40 having a plurality of relatively small outlet openings 41. When steam is forced through the injector it will cause the induction of air into pipe 35 and in order to make the'heating surfaces 42 and 43 as small'as possible only enough 35 to make a fixed which will be discharged through a noz- `zle 44 and at lthis point induct the balance of the necessary air into the burner 45 for combustion-purposes. In this way a smaller volume of Huid is passed through the vaporizer and gasifier because if the gas is fixed before arriving at the nozzle 44 the `action from that point will be the same as in an ordinary cook stove burner.

steam and air is takenand 6 I have also provided a glass tube 50,

lwhich is for the purpose of collecting Water 1n case any condensation from the steam should flow into the

oilv receptacles

39 and 47. This condensation would seek the 10W- est level and when Water has accumulated to a given level 51., for example, thejpet-cock 52 may 'be opened for draining off the Water.

Among other applications of my invention it may find particular value in connec-.

tion with locomotives. In Fig. 2 I have shown a suitable heat supply source 60 adjacent the burner 33. y Where steam is used the heating surfaces 42 and 43 may be heated preli'minarily by passing lsteam vover said surfaces, steam at V180 lbs. pressurel being capable of heating the surfaces to at least 350 degrees Fahrenheit. Under such conditions it is possible to start the burner 45 (see Fig. 4') on some of the relatively heavy fuels, such for example, as kerosene oil, the vaporizing pointof which is far below the temperature mentioned.

Vhere fuel is supplied in the form of bubbles or foam it is possible to maintain a con-v stant mixture, that is, the higher the rate of How of -air the greater Will be the number of bubbles projected up through the nozzle. It will be noted that the level of the oil in the

oil containing receptacles

17, 39 and 47 is automatically maintained' constant vand this level is sufiiciently low to make it impossible 'for oil to run into the vaporizer or burner thereby making the arrangement relatively safe. v

-It is apparent that there may be various modifications of the invention herein par'- ticularly shdwn and described, and it is my intention to cover all such modifications which do not involve a departure from the yof a foam, and meansfor supplying air to i carry .the foam into engagement with said heated means to fix the resulting gas. y 3. Ina device of the class described, the combination of means-for supplying air and hydro-carbon in the form of a foam, and

means for supplyingair to said foamto produce a combustible mixture. j

4. In a'device of the class described, an .-oil reservoiry having a supply outlet, and

a luid'connection to said oil-reservoir having an opening therein below the level of the f whereby oil in the form of a foam may be supplied to the outlet of said receptacle.

oil

5, In a device of-'-theclassdescribed, an oil reservoir having a supply outlet, a fluid connection to said oil` reservoir having an `opening therein below the level of the oil whereby oil in the form of a foam may be supplied to they outlet of said reservoir, and means whereby a fluid may be passed by said outlet portion to mix with the oil iloam- 6. In a device of the class described, the combination of means having a plurality `of successively arranged hot surfaces, means orsupplying oil in the form of a foam, and means for supplying air to carry said oil as a mixture successively against the hot surfaces of said means.

7. In a device of the class described, the combination'of a passageway terminating in a step portion, means for heatin said step portion, means for supplying el to said passageway in the form of a foam, rand means for supplying air through said passageway to project the resultmg Ymixture against said hot step portion.

v stepped portion,

In a device of the class described, the combination of a passagewayterminating in a zigzag portion to form a plurality of steps, means for heating said zigzag portion,

means for supplying air and oil in the form o f a foam to said passageway, and means for carryin the foam over the heated steps. 9. Ina evice of the classdescribed, the combination of a passageway, a heater in opencommunication therewith and arranged to heat said passageway, means for supplying air and fuel to said passageway and meansA for supplying air tor said passageway whereby the resultlng mixture may be xed.

10. In a device of the class described, the combination -of a passageway having a a heater in open communication with said stepped portion arranged to heat the said ste pcd pbrtion, means for supplying oil to sai passageway in the form of a foam, and means for supplying air-to said passageway whereby the resulting mixture may pass through the stepped portion, be fixed heater.

taining rece `containing receptacle to raise oil vto said passageway therein and passed into saidv.

11. In a device of the classdescribed, the combination of a passageway, an oil containing receptacle having an outlet nozzle connected to 4said passageway, a fluid conveying pipe extending between said passageway and said oilreceptacle andhaving an 'opening in said receptacle below the level of the oil therein whereby iiuid may pass from said passageway into said oil containing receptacle to supply oil in the form of a 0am at said nozzle.

12. In a device of the class described, the combination of a passageway, an oil containing receptacle having an outlet nozzle connected to said passageway, a' Huid Vconveying pipe extending between said passageway .and said oil receptacle and having an opening in said receptacle below the level o the oil therein whereby :Huid may pass from said passageway into said oil containing ,receptacle to supply oil in the form of a foam at said nozzle, and means for controlling the quantity of foam supplied to said-.passageway v v 13. Ina device of the class described, .the combination of a passageway, an oil contacle having an outlet nozzle connected with said passageway, a fluid conveying connection between said passageway and oil containing receptacle having an opening within sald receptacle below the evel of the oil therein whereby oil in the form of a -foam may be supplied to said passageway, and a valve in said passageway lto control the relative quantities of Huid supplied to said oil receptacle and passed said nozzle.

14. In a device of the class described, the combination of an air passageway, an oil containing receptacle below the same having an outlet nozzle extending 1 1 wardly into said passageway, and means air through said passageway and to said oil up into said passageway in the form of a foam.

15. In a xdevice of the class described, the combination of a burner, a passageway leading to said burner, means for supplying oil in the form of a foam, and means for conveying air through said passageway to produce a combustible mixture which becomes fixed in said passageway and part of which is supplied .to said burner to heat said passageway and the remaining part being supplied for another heating purpose. 4

Signed at New Haven, 2nd day of-July, 1917. l

' GEORGE L. REICHHELM. Witnesses: L

EDNA E. Rose, SUSAN C. BRADLEY.

Connecticut, this