US1285004A - Soap and process of making the same. - Google Patents

Description

;ui ;rrrnnsrna ns PA ENT canton.

: JOHN-W.-IBODMA1\T, or WESTERN srn'mes, rumors.

i No Drawing; I i '0 all 'zb horhiithmaycohcern: V v Beit known'that I, JOHN WJBO M N, "a citizen of the United States, residing at soar AND rnocnss or MAKING. THE SAME.

Western Springs, Illinois, (whose POSt-Ofi'lCG m ddressflis Box 236,1 in Western Springs,

'county of Cook,and State of Illinois,') have invented new and useful Improvements in Soaps and Processes of Making the Same,

- of Which'the following i a specification.

- This inventionrelates to improvementsin soap and the-process ,of making thesame and moreparticularly to a soapcontaining a largepart of -naphtha, gasolene or other 1 grease solvent. It has been found that v ing the greases and oils which form a large ordinary, soaps are-not fiicacious in removpart of most dirt. ,It also is a well known 7 factithat naphtha -.and otherpetroleumdei"rivatives,'c'hlorin derivatives, carbon tetra chlorid, and similar substancesar solvents' '"qof oils and greases-and when used wlth soap Raid greatly in effecting the removal of grease and oil.-'I-am' aware-of the fact that, heretofore naphtha and soap have been used I togetherin? cleaning compounds and .xf falso that there have been manufactured soaps, such .as naphtha soap, which contain {naphtha or other grease solvent. "All of such compounds and'soaps, however, heretofore" existing consist merely of a mixture i-floflsoap with naphtha. or other grease sol- "vent. ltjhas been found that the propor-' .tion of; grease solvent in. such mixtures can- I not be morethan ab'out wlthout caus ihg. the resulting product'to lose its'soa'py appearance and properties. A larger-prop ortion will fail to mix with the soap to I specification of Letters Patent.

soap was insoluble in such substances. The

Patented Nov. 119, 191%;

p ea e med January 17, 1916. SerialNo.72,461.

scribed as soap in colloidal or true solution in naphtha, exposure to the air-but slightly affects its appearance or condition and does not materially evaporate the naphtha. This is due to the fact that the close union between the soap and naphtha causes the .former to act as a binder; and tot-he fact that the first evaporation which occurs ther evaporation in the body of the product.

Among other things, I claim as my 1nvention a product consisting of soap in solution in naphtha or other grease solvent, and the process by which I produce the same, as heretofore it has been thought that particular steps in my improved process I will hereinafter more fully describe.

I will now more particularly and fully describe the steps by which I produce a soap 1 form a homogeneous mass. It is well known .-'alsothat .upon'exposure to the airlof such I f known always has =lathering' properties.

products the loss of the grease solvent-by v evaporation is very rapid. The: presence of grease solvents in the compounds heretofore greatly reduced ;'-their- By my I improved process of manufacture Lam able to make a new and useful product has excellentcleaning a d detergent properties :andcontai'ns a largeproportlon (as which is soapy n appgarance and action,

consisting of a large proportion'of naphtha holding an ordinary soap base in true or colloidal solution. Although in the process hereinafter described I use naphtha, I do not. limit myself to this alone as it is evident that many other grease solvents such as other petroleum derivatives, chlorin derivatives, and carbon tetrachlorid may be used equally as well. It must be understood also that although by the process here described in particular the resulting soap is about of the consistency of vaselinel am not limited by it, because by changes in the kind and amount of soap base and naphtha, Without detracting from the spirit of my invention, the resulting product. may range through all degrees of consistency and viscosity from a liquid to a solid. )1 heat 'to about 140 dehigh as 90%or 95%) of naphtha or other v "grease solvent and therefore is especially eflicacious in removing-grease and oil. Since myimproved soap 15 not merely a mixture of ordlnary soa and naphtha, or other rease solvent, li e the products heretoforel inown, but might be more accurately degrees Fahrenheit fivepounds ofcorn oil. I heat to the same temperature a mixture of one pound eleven ounces of caustic lye (carrying 30.14% sodium oXid) and five ounces water. I mix the heated corn oil with the above under constantagitation and heat the resulting mixture to about 180 Fahren naphtha.

heit for about one hour or until saponification is complete. I then allow it to cool to about 160 Fahrenheit. The result is ordinary soap in a thick pasty mass and it is this which I have spoken of as being the soap base ofmy improved product. It is evident also that other ordinary soaps may be used as soap bases for the purpose of changing the consistency of the resulting product as pointed out above or for other reasons and it must be understood that I am not limited to the use of any particulanone. I dissolve the soap base above described in about two pounds of alcohol. I boil the resulting thin paste in a reflux condenser and add slowly, stirring constantly, about seven pounds of The reflux condenser causes the evaporating alcohol and nahptha to condense and flow back into the liquid. The mass is then allowed to cool and forms my improved soap which, having been made by the above process, has about the consistency of Vaseline. In the above process the alcohol acts as a dissolving agent and by its presence as a solvent for the soap base causes the alcoholic solution of soap to form a true or colloidal solution in the naphtha. specified alcohol it must be understood that I am not limited to any particular kind or even to alcohol as there are many substances which have similar properties and would serve the purpose almost as well. Although in the above specification I have stated that the. alcohol is lntroduced after saponification, it is evident that without detracting from the spirit of this invention the alcohol or other substance used in its place may be introduced at some other stage in the process; for example, it may be added with the lye in the process of saponification.

Although in the particular process described above, I state that about seven pounds of naphtha is added, I wish to again call attention to the fact that the amount of naphtha added may be considerably larger. In fact, naphtha may be added to such an extent that, ninety per cent. or ninety-five per cent. by weight of the complete product will be naphtha. When naphtha in larger amounts is used, it may be necessary to increase the amount of alcohol, but I have found by experiment that the alcohol used need never be'more than about eleven or twelve per cent. by weight of the final product.

My improved soap also has remarkable lathering properties, and it may be said of it that the lather is self rising, that is, that merely upon the addition of water and the application of slight heat, an abundant lather Although I have are set free.

forms. This action may be more particularly explained as follows: In the manufacture'of my soap, I use a'relatively high test grade of naphtha or other grease solvent,

, that is, one which is rather volatile and will vaporize at a temperature slighty above nor mal. Upon the addition of water, which is a better solvent for the alcoholic solution of soap than naphtha is, such alcoholic solution of soap goes out of solution from the naphtha and into the water. Since alcohol is solublein water in almost any quantity,

from the binding influence of the alcoholic solution of soap and in the presence of heat vaporizes and forms bubbles throughout the soapy water. This is the action which is known as lathering. It is evident that the liberated naphth a will not all vaporize immediately, and that some will not vaporize at all, and it is this liquid naphtha which dissolves the grease or oil on the material being cleaned and aids the soap in removing it.

I claim as my invention e 1. A non-liquid composition consisting of soap, alcohol and a grease solvent, such grease solvent being substantially insoluble in water, the weight of the alcohol being less and the weight of the grease solvent being more than 20% of the weight of the whole composition.

2. A non-liquid composltion consisting of an alcoholic soap mass carrying homogeneously combined therewith a grease than 20% of the weight of'the whole composition, whereby upon the addition of water J considerable portions ofthe grease. solvent 3. A non-liquid composition consisting of an alcoholic soap mass carrying homogeneously combined therewith a hydro-carbon grease solvent, the weight of the alcohol being less and the weight of the grease solvent being more than 2Q% of the welght' of the whole composition, whereby upon the addition of water, considerable portions of the grease solvent are set free.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 15 day of January,

JOHN w. BODMAN.