US2402657A - Detergent composition - Google Patents
Detergent composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2402657A US2402657A US2402657DA US2402657A US 2402657 A US2402657 A US 2402657A US 2402657D A US2402657D A US 2402657DA US 2402657 A US2402657 A US 2402657A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- detergent composition
- skin
- compositions
- kerosene
- caustic soda
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 46
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title description 32
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 54
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 description 24
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 18
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229940067232 Ethanol 0.3 ML/ML Medicated Liquid Soap Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 229940098465 Tincture Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 8
- 231100000344 non-irritating Toxicity 0.000 description 8
- 241000209149 Zea Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000005824 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 6
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 230000002588 toxic Effects 0.000 description 6
- 206010040880 Skin irritation Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000036556 skin irritation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 231100000475 skin irritation Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000007265 Myrrhis odorata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000004760 Pimpinella anisum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012550 Pimpinella anisum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003340 mental Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/50—Perfumes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/18—Hydrocarbons
Definitions
- This invention relates to detergents and more particularly to liquid or paste cleaning compositions containing inorganic derivatives of hydrocarbons.
- hydrocarbon type of detergent compositions have generallycontained naphtha, light fractions of petroleum, chlorinated hydrocarbons or other related materials.
- the flash point of these compositions are low with the result that toxic vapors are easily formed and fire hazards increased.
- a further objection to these compositions is that, when they are used as skin cleaning agents, they cause skin irritation and do not contact or wet skin readily.
- Another object 01' this invention is to produce a detergent composition which contacts skin readily and removes grease and oil therefrom without causing skin irritation.
- Still another object of this invention is to provide a detergent composition comprising a reaction product of kerosene and anhydrous caustic soda having low flammability.
- the detergent compositions are, prepared by reacting kerosene or similar fractions of petroleum with anhydrous caustic soda in amounts sufficient to form a product having a flash point not lower than l15-l20 F.
- the reaction may be carried out by mixing kerosene and anhydrous caustic soda and heating the mixture at a temperature of approximately 200" F. until the reaction is complete.
- a product is obtained which is neutral by litmus paper tests and which has a flash point of from115-l20 F,
- Example I Five gallons of kerosene and one-fourth pound oi. anhydrous caustic soda are mixed in a Cor- 01' this period the reaction is complete and a product is obtained which is neutral to litmus paper tests and which has a flash point of from 115-l20 F.
- compositions contemplated by this invention contact both dry and damp skin well and are especially adapted for use as ingredients of paste hand soaps.
- Compositions of this type may be prepared by incorporating a soap such as tincture 01' green soap with equal parts by volume of the above detergent compounds. These compositions may also contain deodorants, abrasives and other standard industrial hand soap modifying ingredients.
- Example I I One hundred fifty cubic centimeters of the reaction product of kerosene and anhydrous caustic soda obtained by Example I above, are mixed with an equal quantity of tincture of green soap and one hundred fifty grams of corn meal. The mixture is thoroughly mixed to produce a homo- 80. geneous pasty mass. Fifteen drops of 011 of a'nise may be added as a deodorant. The quantity of corn meal may be varied to obtain any desired consistency.
- the hand soapsprepared in the above manner remove grease and oils from the skin quickly and thoroughly owing to their excellent skin contacting or wetting properties and furthermore possess the decided advantage of not being detri- 'mental to the skin. These preparations may be removed by means of a. simple water wash.
- a detergent composition non-irritating to skin comprising the products obtained by heating about five gallons of kerosene and one-fourth pound of anhydrous caustic soda to a temperatureof about 200 F. for a period of two hours.
- a detergent composition non-irritating to skin comprising the products obtained by heating
- the detergent compositions formed by the about five gallons of kerosene and one-fourth pound of anhydrous caustic soda to a. temperature of about 200 F. for a period of two hours, and an equal volume of tincture of green soap.
- a detergent composition non-irritating to skin comprising one hundred fifty cubic centimeters of the products obtained by heating about five gallons of kerosene and one-fourth pound anhydrou caustic soda to a temperature of about 200 F. for a period of two hours, one hundred fifty cubic centimeters of tincture of green soap,
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
Patented June 25, 1946 PATENT OFFICE DETERGENT COMPOSITION Magnus J. Myres, United States Army,
Mexia, Tex.
No Drawing. Application March 10,1044,
Serial No. 525,859
4 Claims.
(Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as
amended April 30,
The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for overnmental purposes, without payment to me of any royalty thereon.
This invention relates to detergents and more particularly to liquid or paste cleaning compositions containing inorganic derivatives of hydrocarbons. v
Numerous-detergents have been utilized for removing grease or heavy oil films from the surfaces of motor parts or other metal objects, but among these compositions none has been entirely satisfactory. The hydrocarbon type of detergent compositions have generallycontained naphtha, light fractions of petroleum, chlorinated hydrocarbons or other related materials. The flash point of these compositions are low with the result that toxic vapors are easily formed and fire hazards increased. A further objection to these compositions is that, when they are used as skin cleaning agents, they cause skin irritation and do not contact or wet skin readily.
It is an object of this invention to produce a detergent composition having a relatively high flash point which does not produce toxic vapors at normal temperatures and pressures.
Another object 01' this invention is to produce a detergent composition which contacts skin readily and removes grease and oil therefrom without causing skin irritation.
Still another object of this invention is to provide a detergent composition comprising a reaction product of kerosene and anhydrous caustic soda having low flammability.
Other objects will be apparent from the following description of the invention.
In practicing this invention, the detergent compositions are, prepared by reacting kerosene or similar fractions of petroleum with anhydrous caustic soda in amounts sufficient to form a product having a flash point not lower than l15-l20 F. The reaction may be carried out by mixing kerosene and anhydrous caustic soda and heating the mixture at a temperature of approximately 200" F. until the reaction is complete. When the reaction'is complete a product is obtained which is neutral by litmus paper tests and which has a flash point of from115-l20 F,
Example I Five gallons of kerosene and one-fourth pound oi. anhydrous caustic soda are mixed in a Cor- 01' this period the reaction is complete and a product is obtained which is neutral to litmus paper tests and which has a flash point of from 115-l20 F.
above method have low volatility and do not readily form toxic vapors or create fire hazards. These compounds remove grease and heavy oil films from metal objects easily and do not irritate the skin of individuals using the compositions.
The detergent compositions contemplated by this invention contact both dry and damp skin well and are especially adapted for use as ingredients of paste hand soaps. Compositions of this type may be prepared by incorporating a soap such as tincture 01' green soap with equal parts by volume of the above detergent compounds. These compositions may also contain deodorants, abrasives and other standard industrial hand soap modifying ingredients.
Example I I One hundred fifty cubic centimeters of the reaction product of kerosene and anhydrous caustic soda obtained by Example I above, are mixed with an equal quantity of tincture of green soap and one hundred fifty grams of corn meal. The mixture is thoroughly mixed to produce a homo- 80. geneous pasty mass. Fifteen drops of 011 of a'nise may be added as a deodorant. The quantity of corn meal may be varied to obtain any desired consistency.
The hand soapsprepared in the above manner remove grease and oils from the skin quickly and thoroughly owing to their excellent skin contacting or wetting properties and furthermore possess the decided advantage of not being detri- 'mental to the skin. These preparations may be removed by means of a. simple water wash.
It is apparent that different embodiments of this invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof and therefore it is not intended to be limited except as indicated in the appended claims.
Having thus described by invention, what I chim as new and wish to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. A detergent composition non-irritating to skin comprising the products obtained by heating about five gallons of kerosene and one-fourth pound of anhydrous caustic soda to a temperatureof about 200 F. for a period of two hours.
2. A detergent composition non-irritating to skin comprising the products obtained by heating The detergent compositions formed by the about five gallons of kerosene and one-fourth pound of anhydrous caustic soda to a. temperature of about 200 F. for a period of two hours, and an equal volume of tincture of green soap.
3. A detergent composition non-irritating to skin comprising one hundred fifty cubic centimeters of the products obtained by heating about five gallons of kerosene and one-fourth pound anhydrou caustic soda to a temperature of about 200 F. for a period of two hours, one hundred fifty cubic centimeters of tincture of green soap,
5 4 one hundred fifty grams or corn meal, and ii!- teen drops of oil 01' anise.
4. The process for the preparation of to, detergent composition non irritating to skin and characterized by having a. hash point not lower than 115-120 F. which comprises mixing five gallons of kerosene and one-fourth pound of anhydrous caustic soda, heating the mixture to a. temperature of approximately 200 F. for a period of 10 two hours.
MAGNUS J. MYRES.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2402657A true US2402657A (en) | 1946-06-25 |
Family
ID=3435142
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2402657D Expired - Lifetime US2402657A (en) | Detergent composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2402657A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2982738A (en) * | 1956-07-13 | 1961-05-02 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Cleansing composition and method of manufacture thereof |
-
0
- US US2402657D patent/US2402657A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2982738A (en) * | 1956-07-13 | 1961-05-02 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Cleansing composition and method of manufacture thereof |
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