US1280357A - Hinge. - Google Patents

Description

E. ZUCKERIVAN.

HINGE.

APPLICATION FILED Dsc. I4, 1914.

Patented @en 1, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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HINGE.

v APPLICATION FILED DEC. I4. 1914.

Pafmed @Im 1, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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HINGE.

vSpecication of Letters Patent.

Patented Uct.. il,

Application led December 14, 1914. Serial No. 877,154.

T all 'whom it may concern; A

Be it known that I, EMIL ZUCKERMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at New l vYork city, in the county of the Bronx and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hinges, of which the following is a specification, such as will enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

vrll`his invention relates to hinges and particularly to what are called invisible or concealed hinges and more particularly to hinges of the class such as are described and shown in lLetters Patent of the United States granted to me Sept. 24, 1912` No. 1,039,628, and Aug. 25, 191i, No. 1,108,308.

The ob] ect of the invention is to provide a new and improved `hinge for use on pianos, doors, furniture, cabinet work and other articles and devices on which a hinge is used,

and'without danger of binding the hinged members.

A further Obj ect of the invention described and claimed herein, is to renderhinges of this class more durable and stronger, and simple in construction and operation and to enable same to be made entirely of steel stampings or stampings of any other metal, from the smallest size forV use on pianos to the largest size for use on heavy doors. I accomplish the desired result by the use of links disposed and actuated in inverse order to other links forming a connection between the two main parts or attaching members of the hinge. By applying movable inverted guiding means, I anienabled to construct the hinges in all sizes without the use of grooves or slots as guiding means for the connecting members. As no grooves or slots are required in the design and construction herein shown, the use of soft and brittle cast metal parts are unnecessary', and the result of stamped metal construction isa cheaper and a stronger hinge.

As shown in the accompanying drawings,

use is made of attaching members arranged one for attaching to a fixed 'part and the other to a movable part of the device on which the hinge is to be used, a connection Jfor connecting the said attaching members with each other, consisting of pivotally connected movable members; said connection pivotally secured near'one side of each of the attaching" members, and guiding members iovotally secured.- seaif the other side of each of the attaching members and to the said connection. A practical embodiment oi" the invention is represented in the accompanying drawings forniing a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the views.

.Figure 1 is a sectional plan view of the hinge as applied to a door and a door frame in a closed position;

Fig. 2 isa similar view of the same with the door partly open; l

Fig. 3 is a like View of lthe same with the door fully open;

Fig. 4 is an inner side view of the same shown in a closed position; u Fig. 5 is a 'front view of the same shown in an open position;

Figs. 6 and 7 are sectional'plan views ot modified forms of the hinge;

Figs. 8 and 9 show the connecting link and stop as indicated in Figs. 1 and 6;

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of one of the attaching members;

Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 are views of a different type'of hinge, but provided with the inverted guiding means which is a part of my invention;

Fig. 16 is a sectional plan view of the hinge shown and described in Letters Patent of the United States granted to me Aug. 25, 1914, No. 1,108,308, excepting that I substitute'the inverted guiding means which is a part of this invention instead of the guiding means shown in the above mentioned patent.

As illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the hinge is shown applied to a ixed member or door casing a and a movable member or door b, and the hinge is provided with attaching members c and cl, of any approved construction and ymaterial, but preferably of sheet metal stamped into the required form as' shown in Figs. 4` and 10. rllhe attaching members are mortised in the adjacent ends of thedoor casing a and the door b and fastened thereto by screws c through the flanges forming the front face of the at taching members, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. Near the outer side of the attaching memberv c or that side toward which the door swings in opening, is arranged a vertically disposed pivot f on which is mounted to swing the lll-shaped link g, and a similar link g1 is mounted to swing on a vertically disposed pivot f1. attached near the outer side of the attaching member d, The links g and lll@ g1 cross one another, and the free end of the link g extends into the attaching member QZ, while the free end of the link g1' eX- tends into the attaching member 0. Near the inner side of the attaching member c, or that side parallel with and opposite the outer side thereof is arranged a vertically disposed pivot 71, on which is mounted to swing the link c', and a similar link Z1 is mounted to swing on a vertically disposed pivot 7t1 attached near the inner side of the attaching member (Z. The free end of the link 0' is pivotally connected to the free end of the lin-k g1 by means of a pin j, while the freeend of the link 0'1 is pivotally connected to the free end of the link gby means of the pin j1. The link g and the lin-k 01 are connected with each other by means of thel-ink pivotally connected to both by thel pins Z and Z1. The llink g1 and the link 0'1 are similarly connected with each other by means of the "1in-k 701 pivotally connected to both by It will be noticed that the pins Z2 and Z". the link 70 is attached to the link 0I about centrally the latters length and to the llink gnear the end thereof which is pivoted tothe attaching member c, and that the link 701 is attached siinilarlyto the links @'1- and g1. It is understood that the pins y', jl, Z, Z1, Z2 and Z3 have no connection with the attaching members. It will be noticed that the series of links g, g1, e', 1, 70, 70l may be-arranged one over the other as shown in Figs. Il and 5 and connected in the mannerdescribed, so as to provide any desired strength, according to the use of the hingeon light or `heavy doors or other devices on which hinges are used.

It is understood that the links g and g1 are the main connecting links, the links 70 and 701 are 'the supplementary connecting links, and the` links c and 0'1 are the guiding links, which by their connection with the main and supplementary connecting links, insure working in unison of the said mai-n and supplementary connecting links on opening and closing` the door. By the arrange` ment described, each attaching member c or (Z is provided with a pair of links g, e' or g1, 1 and the pair of links in each attachingmember is connected to the pair of links in the other attaching member at their free ends by means of pivots or pins, and also the pair of links connected with each attache ing member are connected with each other by a connecting link. Zhen the door o swings into .open position the links i and' 111 swing outwardly and the links 70 and 701 move outwardly toward the front of the respective attaching members to which they are connected owing to the action of the main connecting links g and ,f/1'whicha-lso swing outwardly; and the supplementary connecting links. 70 and 701 overlie the `main connecting links g and g1 at the time the door is swung into a completely open position, S0. that the door is firmly supported while in open position. The guide links 0' and 1 by their connections with the main connecting links g and g1 and the suppleinentary connecting links 70 and 701 insure working in unison of the connecting links, and causethe attaching members to separate and come together uniformly and also prevents the hinged inen'ibersl from` binding, in opening and closing thedoor or other device on whichthe hinge is used. The free ends ofthe mai-n connecting links g and g1, byreason off their shape, form.` stops g2 and g3A of whichthe stop g2 is adapted to be engaged by the pivot pins f and Z1 while the stop g-I3 is adapted tohbe engaged'fby the pins f1 and Z2 at the time the hinge swings `into open position as indicated in Fig. 3. y These stops; limit the. opening movement of the hinge, andalso assist in relieving the hinge of undue strain. The supplementary connecting links-70 and 701 are provided with lugs or" stops 702 and 703 formed of' a portion of the said links extendingbeyond the pivot pins Z" and Z3', and the said lugs are adaptedI to befengaged `by theV pivot pins 70, 701 at the time the hinge moves into.` open position as indicated in Fig. 3. These lugs or stops limit the open-ing movement of the hinge, and assist in relieving the hinge of undue strain, and are also Adesigned to prevent the pins j and j1 from swinging beyond dead center of pins 70, Z1 or 7L1, Z2 when the hinge swings into open position as shown in Fig. 3. It will be noticed that the supplementary connecting links 70 and 701` are so designed as to cover `both ends of the pivots jy and y'1 at all times during the operation of the hinge. If the link members are laidl one over the other in the manne-r shown in Figsjdr` and 5, this` feature is of economic advantage from a manufacturing point ofV view, as fthe said pivot pins j and i1 are held in place without riveting the ends and without danger ofV said pins working out of position atterv the link members` are assembled.

In Fig. 6 I show a slight modicationof the hinge. Y Instead of `the lugs or stops 702 and 703 shown in 1,2, 3` and 8, andforniing a part of the supplementary connecting links 70 and 701, I substitute therefor notches 704 and 705 of which the notch 704 is adapted to be engaged 'by the pivot pin y', while the notch 705 is adapted to. be engaged by the pivot pin j1 at the time the hinge swings into open position. These notches 704 and 705 serve the same purpose as the lugs 702 and 751" and are' merely variations of the latter.

In Fig. 7 I show a further modification of the hinge `YVhereas in Figs. 1,2, 3 and G, I show the supplementary connecting links attached at oneV of their ends to the guiding links, about midway the latterslength, in Fig. 7 I show said supplementary connect ends to the pivot pins y' and b7'1 connecting the free ends of the guiding links and 'i1 with the'free ends vof the vmain connecting links g and g1. I do not show `any stops or lugs to limit the opening movement of this hinge, but lugs similar. to those shown in Fig. 1 maybe attached to the supplementary connecting linksk and 701. It will be noticed that by the arrangement herewith described two ofthe pivot pins are dispensed with. Also that by reason of the connection of 'the supplementary connecting links with the pivot pins j and y1, the said supplementary connecting links may be considered as being connected with either the guiding links i and i1, or the main connecting lings g and g1, or with both the `guiding and the main connecting links.

In Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14C and 15, I show the inverted guiding means which is a part of my invention applied to a hinge different from that shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.7. 'Ihehinge isshown appliedv to a iiXed lmember A and a movable member B, andthe hinge is provided with attaching members C and D. As shown in Figs. 14 and 15,fthe attaching members are mortised in the adjacent ends Vci .the fixed member A and the movable member B, an'd fastened thereto by'screws E through the front face of the attaching members. Near the outer side of the attaching member C is arranged a vertically disposed pivot F on which is mounted to swing the U-shaped link G, and a simil-ar link G1 is mounted to swing on a vertically disposed pivot F1 attached near the outer side of the attaching member D.

The link G crosses the link G1 and is pivloted therewith by means of a pin H which has no connection with the attaching members C and D, and the free end of the link G extends into the attaching member D while the free end of the link G1 extends into'the attaching' member C. Near the inner side of the attaching memberCis arranged a vertically disposed pivot I on which is mounted to swing the link J, and a similar link J1 is mounted to swing on a vertically disposed pivot I1 attached nearV the inner side of the attaching member D. The free end of the link `J is pivotally connected to the link G1 near the free end thereof by means of a pin K, while the freeend of the link J1 is pivotally connected to the link G` near the free end thereof by means of theV pin K1. It is understood that the pins K and K1 have no connection with the attaching members VC and D.l As shown in Figs. 1li and 15, the series of links G, G1, J

and J1 maybe arranged one over the other and' connected in the manner described so as to provide any desired strength according to the use of the hinge on light orheavy docla-"Sti lt iS. understood that the Gr and G1 are the connecting links and the links J and J1 are the guiding links. rIhe links G and G1 by their connection with the attaching members C and D `and with each other by means of the pin II form the con ncction between the attaching members C and D. The links J and J1 by their connection with the attaching members C and D and the' connecting links G and G1- orm guiding links to insure working in unison of the connecting links and uniformly separate and bring together the attaching members, and prevent binding of the hinged members in opening and closing; the door. By the arrangement described each attaching meinber C or D is provided with a pair of links G, J or G1, J1 arranged in inverse order to each other and one of the links in each attaching member is connected with both of the links in the other attaching member. It will be noted that the guiding links J and J1 .are connected and arranged in the attaching members C and D inversely to the connecting links G and G1. Whereas the connecting links G and G1 are secured near the outer side of the attaching members with the swinging portions directed toward the inner side of the attaching members, the guiding links J and J1 are secured to the inner side of the attaching members with the swinging portions directed toward the outer side of the attaching members. When the door B swings into open position the links G, J and G1, J1 swing in their respective attaching members toward the front Jface thereof, and the connecting links G and G1 overlie each other at the time the door is swung into a completely open position so that the door is firmly supported while in open position. The connecting links G and G1 are provided with notches G2 and G3 of which the notch G2 is adapted to be engaged by the pivot pin F while the notch G3 is adapted to be engaged by the pivot pin F1 at the time the door swings into open position as indicated in Fig. 13, and assists in relieving the hinge of undue strain and in limiting the opening movement of the hinge. The connecting links G and G1 are also provided with lugs or stops G1 and G5 formed of the ends of the said connecting links beyond the pivot pins K and K1, of which the lug G1 is adapted to be engaged by the pivot pin I while the lug (/5 is adapted to be engaged by the pivot pin I1 at the time the hinge swings into open position as indicated in Fig. 13, and assists in relieving the hinge of undue strain and also acts as a stop to limi-t the opening movement of the hinge, and is also designed to prevent the pins K and K1 from swinging beyond dead center of pins I, H or I1, H when the hinge swings into open position as shown in Fig. 13.

Except-,ing a the largest 'ze hinge for lll@ on heavy doors, it has been necessary heretofore to use grooves or slots as guiding means for the'connecting means. in the particular type of hinge shown in Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15. These grooves or slots are formed in the attaching members, and the connecting means slide therein during the operation of the hinge. The use of these grooves or .slots were necessary to properly open the hinged members without binding, and as stated above, only in the very largest size was it possible t0 dispense with the grooves and use instead movable guiding means or links. The type of guiding link used is similar to that shown and described in Letters Patent oi the United States granted to me Aug.`25, 1914, No. 1,108,308 and in prior patents granted to others, and is secured to the attaching members nearest the outer side of the same and on the same side thereof to which the connecting means are secured, and the said guiding links mounted in each attaching member swing in the same manner and direction as the other links in the said attaching' member. In my invention, as shown in Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 I propose to attach my guiding means near the inner side of the attaching members, with the direction of its length arranged inversely to the connecting means. By this arrangement Iam enabled to guide the connecting means in such manner as to cause the hinge to open and close without binding` the hinged members, in short, causing suiiicient clearance to be maintained to prevent the swinging member from touching the stationary member during the operation ot the hinge, and re-. moving the necessity of grooves or slots in this type of hinge in all sizes from the very smallest to the largest made. i

The hinge shown inv Fig. 16 is a modification of the hinge shown in Letters Patent of the United States granted to me August 25,

1914, No. 1,108,308. Instead of the guiding links shown and described in the said patent, I substitute the inverted guiding means which is a part of this invention. The links L, L1, M and M1 correspond with the links H, H1, J and J1 of the above mentioned patent and are secured to the attaching members and to each other in the same general manner. The inverted guiding links N and N1 are connected to the tree ends M2 and M3 of the links M and M1 and to the inner side of the attachingl members C and D.

In the Letters Patent of the U. S. granted to me Sept. 24, 1912, No. 1,039,628, I show and describe connecting links slidably mounted one over the other and pivotally connected to each attaching member and guided in grooves connected with the other attaching member. The inverted guiding means which isa `part of this invention may be applied to thehinge described in the above mentioned i patent. nleuof the grooves shownyenablng the hinge to be Constructed `with SlletY metal;

In the foregoing I refer to the guiding links as inverted inversely disposed,7

inversely connected, arranged in inverse order. By this I mean guiding links turned in upside down fashion: to the other links or turned toa contraryv direction, or to be still more explicit, guiding links so connected to the attaching members that when the hinge is in closedv position, the swinging portions of the said guiding links are directed toward .that sideoi' the attaching members to which the other` links. are connected.

Although I havedescribed my invention as shown in the accompanying drawings, other changes in and'modiications of the construction herein shown and described may be made Within the scope of the appended claims Without departing from the sprit of my invention or sacrificing its adj vantages.

Having thus described by invention, l:l

claim` as new and desire to se4 Patent 1. A hinge for connecting the swinging and stationary portions ofV the device on which it is used; said hinge consisting of two attaching members, a link swingingly connected at each side of each attaching member, and means` connecting the said links with each other.

2. A hinge for connecting the swinging and stationary portions of the device on which it is used; said hinge consistingof two ure by Letters attaching members, two separated links` swingingly connected to opposite` sides of each, attaching member, means connecting the links of each attaching men-liber with each other, and meansv connecting the` links of each attaching member with` the other attaching member.

3. A hinge for connecting the swinging and stationary porti-ons of the device on which it is used; said hinge consisting of two attaching members. and a connection of movable links; the said connection arranged in and pivotally connected with the attach ing members so that the swinging portions of the pivoted links in each attaching member are inversely directed toward opposite sides of the attaching members at the time the hinge is in closed position,

4. A hinge comprising two attaching members arranged one for attachment to aixed part and the other to` a movable partV of the device on which the hinge is used,

links swingingly mounted in each"attachingv member and disposed and actuated inversely to each other but swingingv in the same direction during the openingA and closing of the device on which the hinge is used, means con-y netting2 the. linksV of each. ettachilgimembelz naeoa'r with each other, and means connecting the links of each attaching member with the links of the other attaching member.

5. A hinge comprising two recessed mortised members and movable means pivotally connecting each side of each attaching member with the diagonally opposite parallel side of the other attaching member.

6. A hinge comprising two attaching members, movable means pivotally connecting each side of each attaching member with the diagonally opposite parallel side of the other attaching member, and means connecting the pivotally connecting means with each other at the point where said connecting means intersect each other.

7. A hinge comprising attaching members, a connection for connecting the attaching members with each other, guiding means pivoted to the attaching members and to the said connection, and means connected to the said connection and deslgned to engage the pivot connecting the guiding means to the attaching members in such manner as to limit the opening movement of the said guiding means.

8. A hinge comprising attaching members, links pivotally secured at both sides oit each attaching member, and links connecting the links secured at one side of the attaching members With the links secured at the other side of the attaching members. p

9. A hinge comprising two attaching members, a main connecting link swingingly secured to one side of each attaching member, an inverted guiding link swingingly secured to the other side of each attaching member, and a supplementary connecting link connecting the main connecting and guiding links of each attaching member; all of the links being adapted to swing or move toward and away from the front face of the attaching member to which they are secured during the opening and closing movements of the hinged members. Y

10. A hinge comprising two attaching members, a main connecting link mounted in each attaching member and crossing each other, the free end of the link mounted in each attaching member connected to an inverted guiding link mounted in the other attaching member, a supplementary' connecting link connecting the main connecting and guiding links of each attaching member, and lugs or stops forming a part of the supplementary connecting links and adapted to limit the movement of the guiding links when the hinge is moved into open position. 1l. A hinge comprising two attaching members, main links connect-ed to each other and to the attaching members, guide links connected to the attaching members and to the main links, and means whereby the pins or pivots connecting the main links to the guide links are prevented from moving beyond an imaginary line drawn between the pin or pivot connecting the main links to each other and the pins or pivots connecting the guide links to the attaching members.

EMIL ZUCKERMAN.

Witnesses lsknonn Senna/mn, EZYEL KAMENY.

Copies ci. this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingI the Commissioner et @atenta Washington, D.. G.

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