US1276166A - Smoke-consuming device for fire-boxes. - Google Patents

Smoke-consuming device for fire-boxes. Download PDF

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US1276166A
US1276166A US14375617A US14375617A US1276166A US 1276166 A US1276166 A US 1276166A US 14375617 A US14375617 A US 14375617A US 14375617 A US14375617 A US 14375617A US 1276166 A US1276166 A US 1276166A
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fire
leg
air
box
water
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William D Boyce
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/16—Induction apparatus, e.g. steam jet, acting on combustion products beyond the fire

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  • My invention has relation to improvements in smoke-consuming devices for fireboxes; and it Consists in the novel features of construction more fully set forth in the specification and pointed out in the claims.
  • the present invention is an improvement on the structure of the smoke-consuming device forming the subject-matter of U. S. Letters Patent numbered 1,071,689, issued to me under date of September 2, 1913, and has for its object the elimination of certain objections inherent in the structure of the patented device, notable among which is the tendency of the air plate or casting which supplies the air to the fire-box to burn out or disintegrate as a result of the corroding action of the fire gases and incandescent fuel to which it is at all timesexposed.
  • the steam nozzle is susceptible of any desired adjustment.
  • the air is not required to work its way through the fuel charge, being always admitted to points above the surface of the charge.
  • the air service is uniform because the passage of the air into the fire boX is free and unobstructed at all times. (6) It is simple. (7) It presents a better loca- Speccation of Letters Patent.
  • FIG. 3 is a front elevation of the steam risers and their appurtenances, and of the hoods in the rear thereof, the rear water-leg of the boiler being shown in dotted outline;
  • Fig. 4L is an enlarged middle vertical longitudinal section through the spray-head and jet elbow, and of the hollow stay bolt receiving the long leg of the jet elbow, the inner and outer sheets of the rear water leg being likewise in section;
  • Fig. 5 is a top plan of the spray-head with parts brokenaway; and
  • Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the spray-head.
  • 1, 1', and 2, 2 represent piping leading from the engine eX- haust and 2, 2, live steam pipes leading from the boiler, for supplying exhaust or live steam to the risers 3 which carry the steam to the spray-heads or nozzles 4L located in the fire-box F.
  • the risers 3 are disposed on the outside of the rear water-leg L of the boiler B (a locomotive boiler being herein shown by way of example), there being a riser on each side of the charging door D leading to the fire boX.
  • connection between the riser 3 and spray head 4c is made through the water-leg, the latter being provided at points between the charging door and each side of the water-leg and abovethe surface of the fuel charge in the fire-box, lwith clusters of specially provided hollow stay bolts 5.
  • the spray head 4 to which in turn the spray head 4 is screwed, suitable set screws 11, 1l, being provided to hold the parts against movement when once they are properly adjusted.
  • the spray-head 4 is provided with the usual slit s for projecting jets of steam across the fire box to mingle with the complement of air admitted thereinto through the hollow stay bolts 5.
  • the stay bolt 5 of the series incloses the connecting members 7, 8, and the long leg of the member 9, thereby protecting these parts against direct contact with the water in the waterleg.
  • the coupling 8 and nipple l0 permit the members 9 and 4 to be adjusted to any position angularly, the member 9 being rotatable about the axis of the long leg thereof, and the member 4 being rotatable about its own axis and that of the nipple l0 alined therewith.
  • the character of adjustment is shown by the dotted position of the parts in Fig. 4 where the short leg of the jet elbow 9 in turned downward as against the upturned position shown by the full lines in said ligure.
  • rIhe hollow stay bolts 5 are protected by a hood 12 secured to the rear wall of the water-leg L in any approved mechanical manner, the hood being open at the bottom and extending to the bottom of the water leg.
  • the air passes up through the chamber C formed by the hood with the waterleg whence it enters the hollow stay bolts ⁇ passing thence directly into the fire box above the surface a; of the fuel charge.
  • the hood likewise diverts any back-fiash through the hollow stay-bolts to the bottom of the hood thereby protecting the clothing of the fireman from the flame, and preventing possible injury to the fireman.
  • the direction of projection of the steam jets from the spray heads 4 is toward the center of the fire-box substantially along lines indicated by t, t, in Fig. 1, although the angle of projection relatively to the center longitudinal line of the fire box may be varied according to requirements, since the spray head is rotatable aboutits axis, making it possible to adjust theslits s angularly to any degree.
  • the elevation of the steam jets relatively to the surface of the fuel charge may also be adjusted, since the spray head can be swung-,in a vertical plane about the axis of the long leg of the jet elbow 9.
  • the spray head is thus adjustable both vertically, and rotatably about its axis, making it possible to accurately adjust the paths of projection of the steam jets vto suit conditions.
  • the number and position of the clusters of hollow stay-bolts 5 are such that they serve to conduct to the right place the proper complement of air intended to be mingled with the steam projected into the fire box from the spray heads 4, so that at all times, and by a proper control of the steam admitted on the part of the engineer, the mixture can be madeexact to fulfill its function as a perfect and highly efficient smoke consumer.
  • the engineer in order to burn up the smoke admits live steam into the pipes by manipulating the blower valve V as understood in the art.
  • I widen the slit preferably at the center so as to form the enlarged opening 0 through which the steam issues without material disssipation or spreading, causing the jet to carry further in the direction of original projection and more effectively penetrate the air and gases in the fire box.
  • the result is a more thorough intermingling of steam and air and a more complete combustion of the smoke and unconsumed products.
  • I may have a plurality of enlargements oropenings such as 0 and I do not wish to be limited to the single enlargementshown in the drawings.
  • a locomotive boiler provided with a fire-boxl bounded in the rear by a water-leg having a fuel charging door, one 0r more hollow stay-bolts disposed in the water-leg on either side of the chargingdoor for admitting atmospheric air to the fire-box above the surface of the fuel charge, means for causing the inflowing air to traverse the outer wall of the rear water-leg before entering said stay-bolts, and ineans for conducting steam into the fire-box through the rear water-leg independently of the air delivered through the hollow stay-bolts aforesaid.
  • a cluster of hollow staybolts disposed through the water-leg on either side of the charging door for delivering air to the ire-boX to points above the fuel charge, a hood for covering said staybolts and conducting the air thereto from points near the bottom of the outer wall of said watersleg, an additional hollow staybolt disposed through the water-leg7 and a pipe discharging through said stay-bolt and .projecting into the fire-box a complement of steam independent of the streams of air delivered through the remaining. stay-bolts.
  • a locomotive boiler provided with a fire-box bounded in the rear by a water-leg having a fuel charging door, one or more hollow stay-bolts disposed in the water-leg on either side of the charging door for admitting atmospheric air to the fire-boX above the surface of the fuel charge, means for causing the inflowing air to traverse the outer wall of the rear water-leg before entering said stay-bolts, and means in the region of the rear corner of the fire-box for pro]ecting toward the center of the fire-boX a complement of steam to mingle with the air entering through the hollow stay-bolts.
  • a locomotive boiler provided with a fire-box bounded in the rear by a water-leg having a fuel charging door, a spray nozzle near the rear corner of the fire-box discharging steam toward the center of the fire-box, one or more hollow stay-bolts disposed in the rear water-leg on either side of the charging door for admitting atmospheric air to the fire-box above the surface of the fuel charge, and a hood adjacent the outer wall of the rear water-leg for covering said hollow stay bolts and conducting air thereto from points contiguous to said wall.
  • a locomotive boiler provided with a fire box bounded in the rear by a water-leg having a fuel charging door, one or more hollow stay-bolts disposed in the water-leg for admitting atmospheric air to the fuel charged through said door, and a hood for protecting the outer ends of the stay-bolts comprising a sheet provided with marginal flanges forming with the rear wall of the water-leg an open bottomed air chamber operating to direct the air currents to the staybolts, the hood terminating near the bottom of the water leg whereby any back flash is diverted downwardly.
  • a locomotive boiler provided with a fire boX bounded by a water-leg, one or more hollow stay-bolts disposed in the water-leg for admitting atmospheric air to the fuel in the fire box, and a hood for protecting the outer ends of the stay-bolts comprising an open bottomed box-like member positioned adjacent the water leg and extending to a point near the bottom thereof for conducting atmospheric air to the hollow stay-bolts and for diverting the back-flash toward the bottom of the water-leg.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Description

W. D; BGYCE.
SMOKE cmsurm Divina oR MRE BOXES.
Patented Aug. 20, 12H8.
APFLICATHBN HLED JAIL 22* 19H.
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I l i l E Mummy.
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W. D. BOYCE. SMOKE COANSUMING DEVICE FOR EIRE BOXES.
APPLICATRON FILED JAN. 22. 191?.
Patented Aug. 2o, 1918.
2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.
UNTTED sTnTns PATENT onnicn.
WILLIAM I). BOYCE, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.
SMOKE-CONSUMING DEVICE FOR FIRlEl-IBQXIEJS.l
Application filed January 22, 1917.
To all whom t may concer/n:
Be it known that I, VILLIAM D. Boron, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State 0f New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Smoke- Consuming Devices for Fire-Boxes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.
My invention has relation to improvements in smoke-consuming devices for fireboxes; and it Consists in the novel features of construction more fully set forth in the specification and pointed out in the claims.
The present invention is an improvement on the structure of the smoke-consuming device forming the subject-matter of U. S. Letters Patent numbered 1,071,689, issued to me under date of September 2, 1913, and has for its object the elimination of certain objections inherent in the structure of the patented device, notable among which is the tendency of the air plate or casting which supplies the air to the fire-box to burn out or disintegrate as a result of the corroding action of the fire gases and incandescent fuel to which it is at all timesexposed. Another objection to the patented structure is, that in cases where the depth of fuel in the fire box happens to reach to the top of the slots through which the air is admitted, the air currents mustk force their way through the fuel before mingling with the steam above the fuel, the eiiiciency of the final mixture to consume the smoke being in a large measure impaired. This gives rise to the further objection that the service of the air slots in the patented structure is not uniform, the slots being at times covered by fuel and at other times exposed. The present improvement offers the following advantages, to wit: (1) Excess of air is avoided, only a sufficient amount being admitted to serve as a proper complement to the oxygen furnished by the steam component. (2) There is n0 danger of burning out the supply pipe leading to the steam nozzle. (3) The steam nozzle is susceptible of any desired adjustment. (4:) The air is not required to work its way through the fuel charge, being always admitted to points above the surface of the charge. (5) The air service is uniform because the passage of the air into the fire boX is free and unobstructed at all times. (6) It is simple. (7) It presents a better loca- Speccation of Letters Patent.
Patented Aug. 20, 1918.
serial No. 143,756.
tion for the points of entry of the air into the fire-box. (8) The air is always above the surface of the fuel charge irrespective of the depth of the charge. (9) The parts are readily replaced when worn or deteriorated. (10) The steam jets have great penetrating power, thoroughly intermingling with the admitted air. The improvement possesses further and other advantages better apparent from the following detailed description thereof in connection with the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 represents a plan of the invention, parts of the fire-box and boiler being shown in dotted lines, Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the parts shown at the rear of the boiler in Fig. 1, with the air hood partly broken away; Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the steam risers and their appurtenances, and of the hoods in the rear thereof, the rear water-leg of the boiler being shown in dotted outline; Fig. 4L is an enlarged middle vertical longitudinal section through the spray-head and jet elbow, and of the hollow stay bolt receiving the long leg of the jet elbow, the inner and outer sheets of the rear water leg being likewise in section; Fig. 5 is a top plan of the spray-head with parts brokenaway; and Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the spray-head. j
Referring to the drawings, 1, 1', and 2, 2, represent piping leading from the engine eX- haust and 2, 2, live steam pipes leading from the boiler, for supplying exhaust or live steam to the risers 3 which carry the steam to the spray-heads or nozzles 4L located in the fire-box F. In the present improvement the risers 3 are disposed on the outside of the rear water-leg L of the boiler B (a locomotive boiler being herein shown by way of example), there being a riser on each side of the charging door D leading to the fire boX. The connection between the riser 3 and spray head 4c is made through the water-leg, the latter being provided at points between the charging door and each side of the water-leg and abovethe surface of the fuel charge in the fire-box, lwith clusters of specially provided hollow stay bolts 5.
screwed an elbow 6 to which is in turnV screwed a nipple 7, said nipple being connected by a coupling 8 to a jet elbow 9 proj ecting into the tre-box, the short leg of the elbow being provided with a close nipple 1C.
to which in turn the spray head 4 is screwed, suitable set screws 11, 1l, being provided to hold the parts against movement when once they are properly adjusted. The spray-head 4 is provided with the usual slit s for projecting jets of steam across the fire box to mingle with the complement of air admitted thereinto through the hollow stay bolts 5. As shown in the drawings, the stay bolt 5 of the series incloses the connecting members 7, 8, and the long leg of the member 9, thereby protecting these parts against direct contact with the water in the waterleg. The coupling 8 and nipple l0 permit the members 9 and 4 to be adjusted to any position angularly, the member 9 being rotatable about the axis of the long leg thereof, and the member 4 being rotatable about its own axis and that of the nipple l0 alined therewith. The character of adjustment is shown by the dotted position of the parts in Fig. 4 where the short leg of the jet elbow 9 in turned downward as against the upturned position shown by the full lines in said ligure. rIhe hollow stay bolts 5 are protected by a hood 12 secured to the rear wall of the water-leg L in any approved mechanical manner, the hood being open at the bottom and extending to the bottom of the water leg. The air passes up through the chamber C formed by the hood with the waterleg whence it enters the hollow stay bolts `passing thence directly into the lire box above the surface a; of the fuel charge. The hood likewise diverts any back-fiash through the hollow stay-bolts to the bottom of the hood thereby protecting the clothing of the fireman from the flame, and preventing possible injury to the fireman.
The direction of projection of the steam jets from the spray heads 4 is toward the center of the lire-box substantially along lines indicated by t, t, in Fig. 1, although the angle of projection relatively to the center longitudinal line of the fire box may be varied according to requirements, since the spray head is rotatable aboutits axis, making it possible to adjust theslits s angularly to any degree. The elevation of the steam jets relatively to the surface of the fuel charge may also be adjusted, since the spray head can be swung-,in a vertical plane about the axis of the long leg of the jet elbow 9. The spray head is thus adjustable both vertically, and rotatably about its axis, making it possible to accurately adjust the paths of projection of the steam jets vto suit conditions. In the present improvement no portion of the device is exposed to the fuel and fire gases except the inner leg of the member 9 and the spray-head 4, and the latter can readily be renewed when worn or disintegrated. There is thus little to repair once the device is installed on the boiler, and in this respect the installation is a decided improvement over structures in which the air plate and steam riser are within the tire box and constantly exposed to the destructive effects of the re. The number and position of the clusters of hollow stay-bolts 5 are such that they serve to conduct to the right place the proper complement of air intended to be mingled with the steam projected into the fire box from the spray heads 4, so that at all times, and by a proper control of the steam admitted on the part of the engineer, the mixture can be madeexact to fulfill its function as a perfect and highly efficient smoke consumer. In cases where a locomotive is standing still or not running (so there is no exhaust) the engineer in order to burn up the smoke admits live steam into the pipes by manipulating the blower valve V as understood in the art.
To increase to the maximum the penetrating power of the jet issuing from the slit s of the spray-head, I widen the slit preferably at the center so as to form the enlarged opening 0 through which the steam issues without material disssipation or spreading, causing the jet to carry further in the direction of original projection and more effectively penetrate the air and gases in the fire box. The result is a more thorough intermingling of steam and air and a more complete combustion of the smoke and unconsumed products. In practice I may have a plurality of enlargements oropenings such as 0 and I do not wish to be limited to the single enlargementshown in the drawings.
I do not of course wish to be limited to the use of hollow stay-bolts as here arranged for admitting the air complement into the lire-box, or to staybolts arranged in clusters as here shown, any equivalent method or methods being contemplated under my invention provided of course that the air so admitted shall discharge through the rear water-leg (rear7 when speaking of locomotive boilers of course) above the surface of the fuel charge on either side of the charging door, and in proper quantities to constitute the necessary complement to the steam component projected into the lire-box by the spray-heads 4 or any equivalent thereof. Neither do I wish to limit the invention to the use of spray-heads such as 4, any equivak lent jet nozzle being contemplated by my invention. Furthermore, I do not wish to be understood as restricting the application of the invention to locomotive boilers, or tol any special kind of fuel burnt in the fire box. It may be solid, liquid or gaseous; if solid, it may be in large or small'pieces, or powdered. Wherever necessary the system is provided with controlling valves, the blower valve V above referred to being on the order of that shown in my patent aforesaid and constituting a part of the present equipment. Features shown in the drawings but not alluded to are well understood by those skilled in the art, and a description thereof in the present connection is unnecessary.
I-Iaving described my invention what I claim is:
l. In a locomotive boiler provided with a fire-boxl bounded in the rear by a water-leg having a fuel charging door, one 0r more hollow stay-bolts disposed in the water-leg on either side of the chargingdoor for admitting atmospheric air to the fire-box above the surface of the fuel charge, means for causing the inflowing air to traverse the outer wall of the rear water-leg before entering said stay-bolts, and ineans for conducting steam into the fire-box through the rear water-leg independently of the air delivered through the hollow stay-bolts aforesaid.
2. In combination with a locomotive rebox having a rear water-leg provided with a charging door, a cluster of hollow staybolts disposed through the water-leg on either side of the charging door for delivering air to the ire-boX to points above the fuel charge, a hood for covering said staybolts and conducting the air thereto from points near the bottom of the outer wall of said watersleg, an additional hollow staybolt disposed through the water-leg7 and a pipe discharging through said stay-bolt and .projecting into the fire-box a complement of steam independent of the streams of air delivered through the remaining. stay-bolts.
3, In a locomotive boiler provided with a fire-box bounded in the rear by a water-leg having a fuel charging door, one or more hollow stay-bolts disposed in the water-leg on either side of the charging door for admitting atmospheric air to the fire-boX above the surface of the fuel charge, means for causing the inflowing air to traverse the outer wall of the rear water-leg before entering said stay-bolts, and means in the region of the rear corner of the fire-box for pro]ecting toward the center of the fire-boX a complement of steam to mingle with the air entering through the hollow stay-bolts.
Ll. In a locomotive boiler provided with a fire-box bounded in the rear by a water-leg having a fuel charging door, a spray nozzle near the rear corner of the fire-box discharging steam toward the center of the fire-box, one or more hollow stay-bolts disposed in the rear water-leg on either side of the charging door for admitting atmospheric air to the fire-box above the surface of the fuel charge, and a hood adjacent the outer wall of the rear water-leg for covering said hollow stay bolts and conducting air thereto from points contiguous to said wall.
5. In a locomotive boiler provided with a fire box bounded in the rear by a water-leg having a fuel charging door, one or more hollow stay-bolts disposed in the water-leg for admitting atmospheric air to the fuel charged through said door, and a hood for protecting the outer ends of the stay-bolts comprising a sheet provided with marginal flanges forming with the rear wall of the water-leg an open bottomed air chamber operating to direct the air currents to the staybolts, the hood terminating near the bottom of the water leg whereby any back flash is diverted downwardly.
6. In a locomotive boiler provided with a fire boX bounded by a water-leg, one or more hollow stay-bolts disposed in the water-leg for admitting atmospheric air to the fuel in the fire box, and a hood for protecting the outer ends of the stay-bolts comprising an open bottomed box-like member positioned adjacent the water leg and extending to a point near the bottom thereof for conducting atmospheric air to the hollow stay-bolts and for diverting the back-flash toward the bottom of the water-leg.
In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.
WILLIAM D. BOYCE.
Witnesses:
A. Gr. BEDELL, HUNTER H. KNOX,
Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents eachl by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,
Washington, D. C."
US14375617A 1917-01-22 1917-01-22 Smoke-consuming device for fire-boxes. Expired - Lifetime US1276166A (en)

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