US1259628A - Oil-stove. - Google Patents

Description

w. R. LEAVONS & A. R. WHTTAKER. OILSTOVE. APPLICATION 'HLED APR. 9,19H'.

' Patented M119, 1918.

2 SHEETHHEET l.

R. JEAVONS A. R. WHH'TAKER.

OIL STOVE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.9,19i I.

Patented Mar. 19, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM R. JEAVONS AND ARNOLD R. WHITTAKER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

OIL-STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 19, 1918.

Original application filed August 4, 1914:, Serial No. 855,044. Divided and this application filed April 9,

1917. Seria1N0.160,611.

To all whom it may concern:

e it known that we, (1) WILLIAM R. JEAvons, 2) ARNOLD R. Wm'rrannn, citi- Zens of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in OiLStoves, of which the following a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

his invention relates to oil stoves and more particularly to stores of the type which are known to the trade heaters or lamp stoves. One of the objects of the invention is to provide a construction and arrangement of parts whereby, on the one hand, the oil in the font may be heated to a temperature suitable to reduce its viscosity and to secure an efficient supply of the same to the vaporization point by the wiclr and, on the other hand, to prevent the overheating of the font and to keep the parts adjacent to the burner comparatively cool. A further object of the invention is to provide 'a construction of oil stove or heater which will deliver a large amount of heat nearer the floor than is the case with any previous type of heater with which we are familiar and one wherein, notwithstanding the proximity of the flame to the font and the lower parts of the heater frame, these parts will not become'heated to such a temperature as to prevent them from being handled-without discomfort.

In the operation of our heater, the temperature of the oil in the top of the font will be maintained at approximately 115 F.-a temperature which reduces the viscosity of the oil to an extent that will insure a uniformly ample capillary feed to the exposed surface of the wick, notwithstanding the lowering of the oil level in the font during a long continued operation. This temperature, on the other hand, will not unduly reduce such viscosity and produce an undue vaporization of the oil within the top of the font. The invention disclosed herein is a division of our application No. 855,044.- filed August 4, 1914:.

In the drawings forming a part hereof, Figure 1 represents a view, partly in sect-ion and partly in elevation, of a stove constructed in accordance with our invention; and Fig. 2 a transverse sectional View corresponding to the line 22 of Fig. 1, certain of the parts being broken away.

Describing by reference characters the va- IJOLIS parts illustrated herein, 1 denotes a stove base having the legs 2. At its upper end, the base is provided with a bead l and a plurality of inwardly projecting segmental flanges 3 each having bosses 3 pressed Lqqwardly therefrom. 4: denotes the font, which is mounted within the base and supported on the upwardly projecting bosses 3 by means of the substantially horizontal flange 5 at the top of the, body of the font. It wil be observed that slots 3 are provided between the segmental flanges and between the flange 5 and the body of the font. The font is a shallow metal reservoir having central vertically alined openings through which extends the outer wick tube 6. The top and the bottom of the font are substantially horizontal and are preferably provided with shallow annular ribs or corrugations 7 and 8 between the peripheral and central portions thereof. Projecting down wardly from the bottom and extending around the bottoms of the wick tubes 6 is a wind shield 9 having perforations 10 in the outer wall thereof, the wind shield being of the type described and claimed in the application of VVillia-m R. Jeavons No. 782,005, filed July 30, 1913, Patent No. 1,218,777.

Projecting upwardly from the upper end of the inner wick tube is the air distributer, indicated generally at 11. This distributor may be of any approved type, such as shown in the patent to Jeavons N 0. 906,887, issued December 15, 1908, and causes the fiarne to spread outwardly as itrises. Projecting upwardly from the top of the font, and surrounding the upper end of the outer wick tube 6, is a perforated collar or gallery 12, which preferably extends upwardly about as high as the outer wick tube and is there bent outwardly in an inverted U-shape, as shown at 13, forming a seat for a collar let projecting downwardly from a central opening within an obliquely extending diaphragm or partition forming the perforated bottom 15 of the stove drum or casing 16. The collar is projected outwardly, as shown at 14?, to provide a seating portion cooperating with the top of the gallery 12, the lower end of the collar projecting downwardly below t1161501J f e g y and being flared outwardly, as shown at 11 The particular construction of the gallery forms the subject matter of a copending application No. 855,O l5 filed August 1, 1914i.

The bottom 15 of the drum is preferably formed by an inwardly n'ojcct-ing portion of the drum basc (known to the trade as the cone plate) which forms a cover for the outer portion of the font and which is provided with an annular seat 15* for the lower end of the drum and which base extends outwardly beyond the top of the font and is seated within the head 1 when the drum is in operative relation to the burner.

The drum base afi'ords the means by which the drum 01' casing is hinged to the stove base 1. The portion of the drum base between the drum and the stovebase is provided with perforations 15". Two circular rows of perforations are shown, each row extending entirely around the drum base the lower row being located in proximity to the top of the font, whereby the entering air may pass in close proximity to such top. l7 denotes an obliquely extending diaphragm or partition forming a false bottom for the drum, said false bottom extending upwardly and outwardly from the inner periphery of the drum base 15 and substantially parallel with the flame of the burner. The inner edge of the drum base 15 and the inner edge ofthe false bottom 17 may be conveniently clamped by the upper end of the collar 14, such upper end being shown as bent into channel form, as shown at 14L, to receive therewithin the horizontal flanges formedat the inner peripheries of the parts 15 and 17. The outer end of the false bottom 17 abuts against the inner surface of the drum 1.6 and may be provided with an upwardly projecting flange 17", hearing against and secured tosuch drum surface. Between the false bottom, the drum bottom and the lower por tion of the drum there is formed an annular chamber 18 which is closed at its inner edge and through which the air frombeueath may circulate, it being observed that the lower part of the drum proper is provided with perforations of an ornamental character, indicated at 16, locatedbetween tl e drum bot tom 15 'andthe false bottom 17, Theair will circulate upwardly through the perforations 15? in the false bottom; through the chamber 18 and outwardly through the perforations 16 Tlie clram'ber 18 is "isolated from the combustion space within the drum or casing by the diaphragm or false bottom 17. i

As is the case with the construction shown in theJeavons patent N 0. 1,089,841, the oil font" a is extremely shallow, as compared with its lateral extent. In this case, as in the case with the patented construction, it is e meled th h ills al r101 h t d y as my ass a is ue missile settler its as at the wick tube shall be not materially greater than 1% inches from the top of the font. This insures the maii'itenance of the oil below the seepage limit and within the capillary limits of the wick, while the oil travels by capillarity, at all times, in suflicient quantity to keep the exposed surface of the wick well supplied. l urthermore, as is the case with the construction of the J eavons patent aforesaid, the relation of the parts beneath and heated by the flame to the extended top of the font is such as to warm the oil to a temperature of at least 110. It has been found that the best results are secured when the temperature of the oil is maintained at substantially 1 15 and does not materially exceed such temperature as such temperature reduces the viscosity of the oil to such. an extent as to insure an ample capillary fewlywhile an oversupply of vapor from the top of the wick to the fiauicis prevented. This result is secured in and through the construction and arrangement of parts just described in connectior with the false boiturn 1''? and the arrangement whereby relatively cool air is circulated about the top of the fontand beneath the false bottom. Aswill be seen by reference to the arrows in Fig. 1, air passes upwardly through the slots 3" and through the openings 15 and passes above the top of the font. The collar ll serves to deflect some of this air through the gallery 12 to the outer portion of the flame burning above the top of the wick tubes, the remainder oi the air being directed and deflected by the collar through the perforations 15 in the drum bottom 15. The greater POrt-ion of the air deflected by the collar 14 passes through the chamber 18, being delivered from said chamber through the openings 16 in the lower end of the drum proper. v

It will be noted that, in maintaining the temperature in the top of the font at about and not materially exeeding 115? F. We secure a circulation of relatively cool air about and above the top of the font and in proximity to the parts adjacent to and beneath the burner, whereby these parts are kept relatively coolan important consideration in itself and one of the objects attained by our invention; also that we secure these results in and through a construction of heater which will deliver a large amount of heat nearer the floor than in any previous type of heater with which we are familiar; and that, notwithstanding the proximity of the flame to; the reservoir and i to the 'lower parts of the heatergfra me, we preserve these parts at such a temperature thalilllfiy m e han ed- W heut d semie t ar at, a th ltemp at n of th "in r p9 as the a ea ha h s e r duce by as esti a n rem h en a is n l t- tune w 2, ,0 if as the eas of the drum base drum is suificiently cool to be handled with Out discomfort. Although the top of the reservoir is intentionally subject to radiant heat from the drum base, the heating effect is kept within the most etlicient limits by the air distributing arrangement provided herein.

The chamber provided between the partition 17, the partition formed by the drum bottom, and the lower portion of the drum is out of communication with the combustion space thereabove, although air can circulate therethrough. Furthermore, it will be noted that the openings 16 are relatively large so that the outer Wall of this chamber oflers no substantial resistance'to the out- Ward radiation of heat from the inclined partition 17. By this arrangement, the top of the font or reservoir is heated only to the temperature desired.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim isz- 1. l n a device of the character dc-scril'ied, the combination. of a casing inclosing a coinbustion space, a burner in said combustion space, a reservoir for liquid fuel, a diaphragm extending from the burner to the casing and between the combustion space and the reservoir, a cover below the diaphragm, said cover and the casing above it having openings, the said diaphragm and Copies of this patent gnay be obtained for five cents each,

located outside of the the entrance of air at the lower part of said chamber and the egress of air at the upper part thereof, and the said diaphragm cutting off the said chamber from communication with the combustion space, and means for supplying air to the said chamber from points adjacent to the tank and for directing a portion of the air from such points into the combustion space before it reaches the said chamber.

2. The combination of a shell or casing in closing a space for combustion, a liquid-fuel reservoir below the said combustion space and an imperforate diaphragm Within the casing interposed between the combustion space and the reservoir, a cover extending over the said reservoir below the said diaphragm and provided with openings for the passage of air theret-hrough to a space above it and below the diaphragm said cover being spaced from the said reservoir so as to form a passage for the air between it and said reservoir, and to the said openings. a

In testimony whereof, we hereunto aflix our signatures.

WILLIAM R. JEAVONS. ARNOLD R. WHITTAKER.

by addressing the Commissioner of Patents Washington, D. G.

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