US1258416A - Oil-stove. - Google Patents

Description

W R. IEAVONS 6a A. R. WHITTAKER..

OIL smvg; APPLICATION FILED AUG-4.1914.

Patenvd Mar. 5,1913.

()(DQOO UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM R. JEAVONS AND ARNOLD IR. WHIT'I'AKEB, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

OIL-STOVE.

Application filed August 4, 1914.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, (1) WILLIAM R. JEAVONS, (2) ARNOLD R. WHrrrAKER, citi- Zens of the United States, residing at Cleve; land, in the county of Cuyahogaand State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Oil- Stoves, of which the following is a full, clear, and

exact description, reference being had to i the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to oil stoves, and more especially to stoves of the type known to the trade as heaters or lamp stoves. It is the object of the invention to provide a cooperating construction of parts whereby an odorless flame may he produced and maintained at a height of maximum efliciency during the entire period of operation of the stove, notwithstanding the variations which will exist in the level of the oil in the font necessarily incidental to such operation. This object is secured in connection with a construction and arrangement of parts wherein the oil level will be positively maintained between two points (below the point of seepage and above the point where the wick will fail to feed sulficiently) this, together with the proper positioning and arrangement of the parts referred to hereinafter, will produce a heater free from the odors due to an excessive, as well as insufficient, oil supply to the burner and will at the same time prevent the charring of the wick, with the consequent increase in the life of the latter. One of the more limited objects of our invention (but one whereby a flame of maximum efliciency may be maintained) is to provide a construction whereby the temperature of the oil in the top of the font shall be maintained at approximately 115 F.; a, temperature which reduces the viscosity of the oil to an extent that will insure a uniformly ample capillary feed to the exposed surface of the wick, notwithstanding the lowering of the ,oil level in the font during said continued operation and, on the other hand, will not unduly reduce such viscosity and produce undue vaporization of the oil within the top of the font. The invention disclosed herein is designed with reference to the construction shown in the patent to Wm'. B. Jeavons No. 1,089,841, issued March 10,1914.

Further and more limited objects of the invention will appear" hereinafter, the complete inventionbeing disclosed in the draw Specification of Letters Patent.

December 15, 1908. from thetop of the front, and surrounding Patented Mar. 5, 1918.

Serial No. 855,044.

tional detail of the lower portion of the drum and of the adjacent portions of the font, gallery, and stove base, said figure being a modification of the construction illustrated in the preceding views.

Describing by reference characters the various parts illustrated herein, 1 denotes a stove base having the legs 2. At its upper end, the base is provided with a plurality of inwardly projecting segmental flanges 3 each having bosses 3 pressed upwardly therefrom. 5 denotes the font, which is mounted within the base and is supported on the upwardly projecting bosses 3* by means of the substantially horizontal flange 6 at the top of the body of the font. It will be observed that slots 3 are provided between the segmental flanges and between the flange 6 and the body 4. This font is a shallow metal reservoir having central vertically alined openings through which extends the outer wick tube 7. The top and the bottom of the font are substantially horizontal and are preferably provided with shallow annular ribs or corrugations between the peripheral and central portions thereof. Projecting downwardly from the bottom and extending around the bottoms of the wick tubes 7 and 8 is'a'wind shield 9 having perforations 10 in the outer wall thereof, the wind shield being of the type described and claimed in the application of Wm. R. Jeavons No. 782,005, filed July 30, 1913.

Projecting upwardly from the upper end of the inner wick. tube is the air distributer, indicated generally at 11. This distributer may be of any approved type, such as shown in the patent to Jeavons No. 906,887, issued Projecting upwardly the upper end of the outer wick tube 7, is a perforated collar .or gallery 12,-which preferably extends 'upwardl about .as high as the outer wick tube an. is there bent outwardly in an inverted U-shape, as shown at 13, forming a seat fora collar 14: projecting downwardly from a central opening within the perforated bottom 15 of the stove drum 16, The collar is projected. outwardly,

as shown at 1 1, to provide a seating portion cooperating with the top of the gallery 12, the lower end of the collar projecting downwardly below the top of the allery and being flared outwardly, as shown at 14*. The particular construction of the gallery forms the subject matter of our copending application No. 855,045 filed August 4:, 1914.

The bottom 15 of the drum is preferably formed by an inwardly projecting portion of the drum base (known to the trade as the cone plate) which is provided with an annular seat 15 for the lower end of the drum and which base extends outwardly be yond the top of the font and is seated within the head 4., when the drum is in operative relation to the burner.

The drum base affords the means by which the drum is hinged to the stove base 1. The portion of the drum base between the drum and the stove base is provided with perforations 15*. Two circular rows of perforations are shown, each row extend ing-entirely around the drum base, the lower row being located in proximity to the top of the font, whereby the entering air may pass in close proximity to such top. 17 deniotesa false bottom for the drum, said false bottom extending upwardly and outwardly from the inner periphery of the drum bottom 15. The inner edge of the drum bottom. 15 and the inner edge of the false bottom 17 may be conveniently clamped by the upper end of the collar 14, such upper end being shown as bent intochannel form, as shown at 1 1, to receive therewithin the horizontal flanges formed at the inner peripheries of the )arts 15 and 17 The outer end of thefalse ottom 1'7 abuts against the inner surface of the drum 16 and may be provided with an upwardly projecting flange l7, bearing against such drum surface. Between the false bottom, the drum bottom thelower portion of the drum there is formed an annular chamber which is closed at its inner edge and through which the air from beneath may circulate. The outer portion of the false bottom 17, adjacent to the druln 16, is provided with perforations 17. A. single row of perforations is shown and these perforations are preferably inch in diameter. It will be observed that the lower part of-the'drum proper is provided with perforations of an ornamental character, in dicated at 16, and these perforations are located between the drum bottom 15 and the false bottom 17.

In Fig. 3 there is shown a modification which differs from the embodiment disclosed in the preceding figures in that the false. bottom 18 is imperforate, as is also the portion of the drum base which extends between the bottom of the drum and the stpve base 1. v

As is the case with I the construction shown in Jearons Patent 1,089,841, the oil font 5 is extremely shallow, as compared with its lateral extent. In this case, 1n the case with the patented construction, it is conten'lplated that the oil shall not be fed by capillary action a distance materially greater than inches and that the top of the wick tube shall be not materially greater than 1?; inche from the top of the font. This insures the maintenance of the oil below the seepage limit and within the capillary limits of the wick, while the oil travels by capillarity, at all times, in sufiicient quantity to keep the exposed surface of the wick well supplied. Furthermore, as is the case with the construction of the Jcarons patent aforesaid, the relation of the parts beneath and heated by the flan'le to the extended top of the font is such as to warm the oil to a temperature of at least 110. It has been found that the best results are secured when the temperature of the oil is maintained at substantially 115 and does not materially exceed such tem 'ierature, as such tempera ture reduces the viscosity of the oil to such an extent as to insure an ample capillary feed, while an over-suppl' of vapor from the top of the wick to the ame is prevented. This result is secured in and through the construction and arrangement of parts just described in connection with the false bottom 17 and the arrangement whereby relativel cool air is circulated about the top of the out and beneath the false bottom. As will be seen by reference to the arrows in Fig. 1 air passes upwardly through the slots 3" and through the openings 15 and passes above the top of the font. Some of this air flows through the gallery 12 and supplies the outer portion of the flame burning above the top of the wick tubes. The re mainder of the air passes through the perforations in the drum bottom 15, and the greater portion of this air passes out through the openings 16 in the lower end of the drum proper. Some of the air can pass up through the opening 17* and, with perforations of the dimensions set forth and arranged as described, will admit a limited amount of air to the drum which serves to elevate the peripheral portion of the flame and prevent unduly heating the shield therebeneath formed by the false bottom 17, thus assisting to maintain the temperature in the top of the font at about 115.

In the modification shown in Fig. 3, all of the air for the gallery 12 and for the space beneath the false bottom or shield 18 flows upwardly between the stove base 1 and the vertical wall of the font 5, passes through the segi'nental slots 3* and into the space beneath the drum base 15, whence it is distributed to the gallery and beneath the Shield 18 and through-the openings 16. In thiS ease, the false bottom or shield is Shown.

tion of air whatever through the false bottom. This construction, as well as that disclosed in the other views, has proven extremely efficient in operation.

It will be noted that, in maintaining the temperature in the top of the font at about and not materially exceeding 115 F., we secure a circulation of relatively cool air about and above the top of the font and in proximity to the parts adjacent to and beneath the burner, whereby these parts are ke t relatively cool-an important consideration in itself and one of the objects attained by our invention; also thatwe secure this construction from between 400 to 500 F. to between 200 to 250 F. and the part of the drum base located outside of the drum is sufficiently cool to be handled with out discomfort. Although the top of the reservoir is intentionally subject to radiant heat from the drum base, the heating effect is kept within the most efiicient limits by the air distributing arrangement provided herein.

In Fig. 3, the chamber provided between the partition 17, the partition formed by the drum bottom, and the lower portion of the drum is out of communication with the combustion space thereabove, although air can circulate therethrough. Furthermore, it will be noted that the openings 16 are relatively large so that the outer wall of this chamber offers no substantial resistance to the outward radiation of heat from the inclined partition 1.7. By this arrangement, 1

the top of the font or reservoir is heated only to the temperature desired.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is 1. In. an oil stove, the combination of a font, a air of wick tubes projecting upwardly fi-om said font, a gallery surrounding and spaced from the wick tubes, the top of the font extending outwardly from said gallery, a drum abase for said drum extending outwardly above the font and extending inwardly substantially as far as the gallery, the base being provided with perforations in the outer and the inner portions thereof, and a shield within the drum and located above the inner portion of the drum base, the portion of the drum between the shield and the base being perforated.

2. In an oil stove, the combination ofv a font, a air of wick tubes projecting upwardly rom said font, a gallery surrounding and spaced from the wick tubes, the font having a top projecting horizontally outwardly from the gallery, a stove base surrounding and spaced from the font, said base having an annular seat at the upper end thereof and provided with segmental flanges projecting inwardly from said seat, the top of the font being provided with a flange adapted to seat the font upon the segmental flanges, an annular drum base adapted to be supportedwithin. said seat a and extendin above said top and provided with perforations, a drum mounted on said drum base between the inner and outer edges thereof, a collar depending from" the inner edge of the drum base and cotiperating with the top of the gallery, and a shield projecting downwardly and inwardly from the drum above the inwardly. extending part of the drum base, the drum being perforated between said shield and the drum base. j

3. In an oil stove, the combination of a font, a pair of wick tubes projecting upwardly from said font, a gallery surrounding and spaced from the wick tubes,'the font having a top projecting horizontally outwardly from the gallery, a stove base surrounding and spaced from the font, said base having an annular seat at the upper end thereof and provided with segmental flanges projecting inwardly from said seat, the font. being provided with means where by itmay be seated upon the segmental flanges, a perforated annular drum base adapted to be supported within said seat 4. In an oil stove, the combination of a font, a pair of wick tubes projecting upwardly from said font, a perforated gallery surrounding the wick tubes, the font having a top extending horizontally outwardly from said gallery, .a stove base surrounding the font and having an annular seat with segmental flanges projectinginwardly from said seat with recesses between said flanges,

a flange projecting outwardly from the top of the fontand adapted to rest on said segmental flanges, anannular drum base adapted to fit within the seat and to extend above the top of the font and above the recesses between the segmental flanges, said drum base being provided with perforations above its outer edge, a drum mounted on said base between the edges thereof, acollar depending from the inner edge of said drum 1 jecting upwardly therefrom, a drum surrounding said burner, a drum base extend- I font having-a substantially horizontal to it burner Pr j ct g p ardly, fromsa d aim),

1 base and adaptedfto engage the top; of the gallery and a shield having its inner edge .mzproxnmtyto and insubstantial engagement with the'inner ed a of the drum base and rejecting upwar ly and outwardly I there om to the inner wallof the drum, the

drum being "perforated between said shield and said drum base and the portion of the drum base within the forated. p v b fiQIn an oil stove, the combination of a font, a air of wick tubes projecting upwardlv rom said-font, 'a-font having'a top :exten ing horizontall outwardly, from the wick tubes, a stove asfeisurrolunding the font and having an annular seat with segrnental flanges "projecting inwardly from within the seat 'andto extend above the top the portion of the drum base therewithin said seat with recesses between said flanges, a flange projecting outwardly from the 'fontand adapted to rest on said segmental flanges, an annular drum baseadapted to fit of'the fontand above the recesses between oth jsegmental flanges, a drummounted 1 on said base between the inner and outer edges thereof, and-a shield within the drum above and spaced therefrom and arranged to proteet such portion against the radiant heat of the flame above the wick tubes, the arrangement of partspermitt-ing-the air flowing through the recesses to circulate between the shield and the drumbase. o 7

- 6. In an oil stove, the combination of a font having an extended top, a burner proing above the top of the font and-spaced 3 therefrom and supporting the drum intermediate of the inner and outer edges of said :batse, the drum base being-perforated near its outer periphery and being-perforated in the portion which "is within ths'drum, a

shield extending outwardly from theinner edge-of the drum base as far as the drum and forming a space with the portion of the {drum-i base therebeneath, said drum q being I perforated-betweenthe shield and th e drum hater 7'. In an oil stove, the combination of a top-g a drum surrounding the burner and havin' a base'extending outwardlyy-and ina v shield within the drum above the inner-perj dfiosaid base, the, arrangement of parts Ward 17 therefrom aboVe the font, and a permitting 1 air" to eireulata beneath the portionotf' the drum base above the fent and throughthe inner portion of said.

we outwardly through the space gheupwardly from n was Mr drum I being per-' a t e wardly' from saidburnen a stove'base sur- I rounding the fontand having an annular seat wit I wardly from saidse'at, each of, said flanges being provided with one or more upwardly projecting bosses, there being recesses bea tween said flanges," a flange projecting outwardly from the font and adapted to rest upon said bosses, an annular drum base adapted to fit within the seat and to extend inwardly above the, top of the font and above the. recesses between the segmental I flanges, said drumbase being provided with perforations above its outer edge, a drum mountedon said base between the edges thereof; a shield within the drum and above the drum base and spaced therefrom, the portion ofthe drum'base below the shield being perforated and the portion of the between the shield and the drum base being perforated. j 9'. In an oil stove, the combination of a font, a burner projecting upwardly from said font, the top of the font extending outwardl from said burner, a stove base surrounding the font and" having an annular seat with segmental flanges projecting inwardly from said seat, each of said flanges 1 being provided with one or more upwardly projecting bosses, a flange projecting outwardly fromthe font and adapted to rest upon saidbOsses; an annular drum base adapted to fit withinthe seat and to extend inwardly above the topiof the font and above the recesses between the segmental flanges,

a drum mounted on said base between the edges thereof, an annular shield within the drumand above the drum base and spaced therefrom and'forming an annular chamber therewith which is closed at its inner endjthc portion of the drum base below the ,shield, be1ng perforated and the portion of the drum between the shield and the drum base; being perforated. a

10. In an oil stove, the combination of a font-having a top, a burnerprojecting upwardly from said top, a drum surrounding the burner and having an annular bottom extending inwardly above the font, and an annular shield within the drum and abovesuch bottom and forming therewith an annular-ehamben which is closed at the inner edge, the arrangement of parts permitting air to circulate above the font and outwardly through said chamber.

- 11. IH aH OII stove, the combination of a aways burnerv projecting upwardly from segmental flanges "projecting ini saidfont, a drum-surrounding the burner;

an annular bottomifor said drum and extending outwardly above the topofthe font fifrom the burner to the drum, said bottom bein perforated, an -annular shield within m" and located above such drum bot- ..tom-' therewith a chamber naa at th the pe tion of the shield which is adjacent to the drum being provided with erforations arranged to admit a limite suppl of air therethrough and the wall of the rum between the shield and the drum bottom being perforated.

12. In an oil stove, the combination of a font, a burner projecting upwardly from said font, a drum surrounding the burner, an annular bottom for said drum extending outwardly above the top of the font from the burner to the drum, and an annular shield within the drum andlocated above such drum bottom and forming therewith a chamber which is closed at the inner edge, the portion of the shield which is adjacent to the drum being provided with perforations arranged to admit a limited supply of air therethrough and the portion of the flame and extending substantially paralleltherewith from a point near its base to a point near its upper extremity, and a casing surrounding the said flame and extending above and below the same and provided with openings below the upper extremity of said diaphragm, said diaphragm secured burner; projecting thereabove, a drum surrounding and extending above said burner and providing a combustion space there above, and a pair of partitions extending inwardly from the lower portion of the drum toward the burner and forming with such portion of the drum a chamber interposed between the combustion space and the font the upper of said partitions bein inclined downwardly from said drum an the portion of the drum between'said partitions offering no material resistance to the outward radiation of heat from the upper partition.

In testimony whereof, we hereunto aflix our signatures in the presence of two wit- BRENNAN B. WEsT.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner 01' Patents,

Washington, D. 0. i

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