USRE14477E - Oil-stove - Google Patents

Description

W. RJ'JE'AVONS 6: A. R. WHITTAKER.

OIL STOVE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 24, ISIS.

Z SHEETS-SHEET I. Relssued May 28, 1918. 14,477.

LITTiKi w. R. JEIAVONS & A. 'RQWHITTAKER.

on. STOVE,

APPLICATION FILED APR- 24, I9)- Reissud May 28, 1918.

@XW 77 h /W.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM R. JEAVONS AND ARNOLl) R. WHITTAKER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

OIL-STOVE.

Specification or Beissued Letters Patent. Reisgued May 28, 1918,

Original No. 1,258,416, dated March 5, 1918, Serial No. 855,044, filed August 4, 1914. Application for reissue filed April 24, 1918.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, (1) WILLIAM R. Jmvons, (2) ARNOLD R. WHI'I'IAKER, citi- Zens of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvementin Oil-Stoves, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to oil stoves, and more especially to stoves of the type known to the trade as heaters or lamp stoves. It is the object of the, invention to provide a cooperating construction of parts whereby an odorless flame may be produced and maintained at aheight of maximum efliciency during the entire period of operation of the stove, notwithstanding the variations which will exist in the level of the oil in the font nrily incidental to such operation. This object is secured in connection with a construction and arrangement of parts wherein the oillevel will be positively maintained between two points elow the point e and above the point where the of seep fail to feed sufliciently); this, to-

wick m I gether with the proper positioning and arrangement of the parts referred to hereinafter, will produce a heater free from the odors due to an excessive, as well as insuflicient, oil supply to the burner and will at the same time prevent the charring of the wick, with the consequent increase in the. One of the more limited life of the latter. objects -of our invention (but one whereby a flame of maximum efliciency may be maintained) is to provide a construction whereby the temperature of the oil in the top of the font shall be maintained at approximately 115 F.; a temperature which reduces the viscosity of the oil to an extent that will insure a uniformly am le capillary feed to the exposed surface 0 the wick, notwithstanding the lowering of the oil level in the font during said continued operation and, on the other hand, will not unduly reduce such viscosity and produce undue vaporization of the oil within the top of the font. The invention disclosed herein is designed with reference to the construction shown in the patent to R. Jeavons No. 1,089,841, issued March 10, 1914.

Further and more limited objects of the invention will appear hereinafter, the com- Serial No. 230,614.

represents a view, partly in section and' partly in elevation, of a stove constructed in accordance with our invention; Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view corres ending to the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, certain o the parts being broken away; and Fig. 3 is a sectional detail of the lower portion of the drum and of the adjacent portions of the font, galler and stove base, said figure being a modi cation of the construction illustrated in the preceding views.

Describing by reference characters the various parts illustrated herein, 1 denotes a stove base having the legs 2. At its upper end, the base is provided with a plurality of inwardly projecting segmental flanges 3 each having bosses 3" pressed upwardly therefrom. 5 denotes the font, which is mounted within the base and is supported on the upwardly projecting bosses 3 by means of the substantially horizontal flange 6 at the top of the body of the font. It.

' the flange 6 and the body 4. vThis fontis a shallow metal reservoir having central vertically alined openings through which extends the outer wick tube 7. The top and the bottom of the font are substantially horizontal and are preferably provided with shallow annular ribs or corrugations between the peripheral and central portions thereof. Projecting downwardly from the bottom and extending aroundthe bottoms of the wick tubes 7 and 8 is a wind shield 9 having perforations 10 in the outer wall thereof, the wind shield being of the type described and claimed in the application of Wm. B. Jeavons No. 782,005, filed July 30,

Projecting upwardly from the upper end of the inner wick tube is the air distributor, indicated generally at 11. This distributor may be of any approved type, such as shown in the patent to J eavons No. 906,887, issued December 15, 1908. Projecting upwardly from the top of the font, and surrounding the upper end of the outer wick tube 7, is a perforated collar or gallery 12, which preferably extends upwardly about as high as the outer wick tube and is there bent outwardly in an invertedU-shape, as shown at formed by forations is shown and these perforations are downwardly from a central 0 the perforated bottom 15 of t 16. The collar is projected outwardly, as shown at 14, to rovide a seatin ortion cooperating with t e to of the ga cry 12, the lower end of the co lar pro ecting down wardly below the top of the gallery and being flared outwardly, as shown at 14". The particular construction of the allery forms the subject matter of our copen tion N 0. 855,045 filed August 4,

The bottom 15 of the ening within e stove drum an inwardly projecting portion of the drum base (known to the trade as the cone plate) which is provided with an annular seat 15' for the-lower end of the drum and which base extends outwardly beyond the top of the font and is seated within the bead 4, when the drum is in operative relation to the burner.

The drum base affords the means by which the drum is him d to the stove base 1. The portion of the rum base between the drum and the stove base is provided with perforations 15". Two circular rows of perforations are shown, each row extending entirely around the drum base, the lower row being located in proximity to the top of .the font, whereby the entering air ma pass in close roximity to such top. 17 enotes a false Bottom for the drum, said false bottom extending upwardly and outwardly from the inner periphery of the drum bottom 15. The inner edge of the drum bottom 15 and the inner edge of the false bottom 1'? ma be conveniently clamped by' the upper on of the collar 14, such upper end being shown as bent into channel form, as shown at 14", to receive therewithin the horizontal flanges formed at the inner peripheries of the parts 15 and 17. The outer end of the false bottom 17 abuts against the inner surface of'the' wardl projecting flan e17,bearin against" etween the alse botsuch rum surface.

tom the drum bottom and the lower portion of the drum there is formed an annular chamber which is closed at its inner edge and through which the air from beneath may circulate. The outer portion of the false bottom 17, adjacent to the drum 16, is provided with perforations 17". .A single row of perpreferably inch in diameter. It will be observed that the lower part of the drum proper is rovided with erforations of an ornamenta character, in icated at 16, and these erforations are located between the drum gottom 15 and the false bottom 17.

In Fi 3 there is shown a modification which differs from the embodiment disclosed in the preceding figures in that the false bottom 18 is imperforate, as is also the portion of the drum base Whlch extends between the bottom of the drum and the stove base 1.

ing applicadrum is preferably As is the case with the-construction shown in Jeavons Patent1,089,841, the oil font 5 is extremely shallow, as compared with its lateral extent. In this case, as in the case with the patented construction, it is contemplated that the oil shall not be fed illary action a distance materiall greater than five inches and that the top 0 the wick by capsaid, the relation of the parts eneath and heated by the flame to the extended top. of

the font is such as to warm the oil we temperature of at least 110. It has been found that the best results are secured when the temperature of the oil is maintained at substantiall 115 and does not materially exceed suc tem erature, as such temperature reduces the v1scosity of the oil to such an extent asto insure an ample capillary feed,

while an over supply of vapor rom the to of the wick to the flame is prevented. This result is secured in and t rough the construction and arrangement of parts just described in connection with the false bottom 17 and the arrangement whereby relatively cool air is circulated about the top of the font and beneath the false bottom. As will be seen by reference to the arrows in Fig. 1 air passes upwardly through the slots 3 and through the openings 15 and asses above the top of the font. Some of t is air flows through the gallery 12 and supplies the outer ortion of the flame burning above the top 0 the wick tubes. The remainder of the air passes through the perforations in the drum bottom 15, and the greater portion of this air passes out through the openin 16 in the lower end of the drum roper. ome of the air can pass up throu the openings 17 h and, with perforations o the dimensions set forth and arranged as described will admit a limited amount of air to the drum which serves to elevate the peripheral portion of the flame and prevent unduly heatin the shield therebeneath formed by the fa se bottom 17, thus assisting to maintain the temperature in the top of the font at about 115.

In the modification shown in Fig. 3, all of the air for the gallery 12 and for the s ace beneath the false bottom or shield 18 ows upwardly between the stove base 1 and the vertical wall of the font 5, passes through the segmental slots 3 and into the space beneath the drum'base 15, whence it is distributed to the galler and beneath the shield 18 and through t e openings 16. In-

this case, the false bottom or shield is shown as imperforate, so that there is no circulation of air whatever through the false bottom. This construction, as well as that disclosed in the other views, has proven extremely eflicient in operation.

It will be noted that, in maintaining the temperature in the top of the font at about and not materially exceeding 115 F. we secure a circulation of relatively cool air about and above the top of the font and in proximity to the parts adjacent to and beneath the burner, whereby these parts are ke t relatively coolan important consideratlon in itself and one of the objects attained by our invention; also that we secure these results in and through a construction of heater which will deliver a large amount of heat nearer the floor than in any previous type of heater with which we are familiar; and that, notwithstanding the proximity of the flame to the reservoir and to the lower parts of the heater frame, we preserve these arts at such a temperature that they may e handled without discomfort. For instance, the temperature of the inner portion of the drum base has been reduced by this construction from between 400 to 500 F. to between 200 to 250 F. and the part of the drum base located outside of the drum is sufliciently cool to be handled without discomfort. Althou h the top of the reservoir is intentionally 811%] ect to radiant heat from the drum base, the heating effect is kept within the most efficient limits by the air distributing arrangement provided herein.

In Fi 3, the chamber provided between the partition 17, the partition formed by the drum bottom, and. the lower portion of the drum is out of communication with the coinbustion space thereabove, although air can circulate therethrough. Furthermore, it

will be noted that the openings 16 are relatively large so that the outer wall of this chamber offers no substantial resistance to the outward radiation of heat from the inclined'partition 17. By this arrangement, the top of the font or reservoir is heated 0mg to the temperature desired.

aving thus described our invention, what we claim is a 1. In an oil stove, the combination of a font, a air of wick tubes projecting upwardly rom said font, a gallery surrounding and spaced from the wick tubes, the top of the font extending outwardly from said gallery, a drum, a base for'said drum extending outwardly above the font and extending inwardly substantially as far as the allery, the base being provided with perorations in .the outer and the inner portions thereof, and a shield within the drum and located above the inner portion of the drum base, the ortion of "the drum between the shield and the base being perforated.

2. In an oil stove, the combination of a font a pair of wick tubes projecting upwardly from said font, a gallery surrounding and spaced from the wick tubes, the font having a top projecting "horizontally outwardly from the gallery, a stove base surrounding and spaced from the font, said base having an annular seat at the upper end thereof and provided'with segmental flanges projecting inwardly from said seat, the top of the font being provided with a flange adapted to seat the font upon the segmental flanges, an annular drum base adapted to be supported within said seat and extending above said top and provided with perforations, a drum mounted on said drum base between the inner and outer edges thereof a collar depending from the inner edge of the drum base and cooperating with the top of the gallery, and a shield projecting downwardly and inwardly from the drum above the inwardly extending part of the drum base, the drum bein'gperforated between said shield and the drum base.

3. In an oil stove, the combination of a font, a pair of Wick tubes projecting upwardly from said font, a gallery surrounding and spaced from the wick tubes, the font having a top projecting horizontally outwardly from the gallery, a, stove base surrounding and spaced from the font, said base having an annular seat at the upper end thereof and provided with segmental flanges projecting inwardly from said seat, the font being provided with means whereby it may be seated upon the segmental flanges, a perforated annular drum base adapted to be supported within said seat and extending above the top of the font, a drum mounted on said base between the inner and outer edges thereof, and a shield within the drum and above and spaced from the inner portion of the drum base, the drum being perforated between said shield and the drumbase therebeneath.

4. In an oil stove, the combination of a font, a air of wick tubes projecting upwardly rom said font, a'perforated gallery surrounding the wick tubes, the font having a to extending horizontally outwardly from' sai gallery, a stove base surrounding the font and having an annular seat with segmental flanges projecting inwardly from said seat with recesses between said flanges, a flange projecting outwardly from the top of the font and adapted to rest on said segmental flanges, adapted to fit within the seat and to extend above the top of the font and above the recesses between the segmental flanges, said drum base being provided with perforations above its outer edge, a drum mounted on" said base between the edges thereof, a collar depending from the inner edge of said drum base and adapted to engage the top of the an annular drum base i gallery, and a shield having its inner edge 1n proximit to and in substantial engagement with t e inner edge of the drum base and rojectin upwardl and outwardly '5 there in to e inner wa l of the drum the drum bein perforated between said shield and said rum base and the portion of the drum base within the drum being perforated. 5. In an oil stove the combination of a font a air of wiclr tubes projecting upwardly m said font, the font having a top extending horizontally outwardly from the wick tubes, a stove base surrounding the font and having an annular seat with segsaid seat wit recesses between said flanges, a flange projecting outwardly from the out and adapted to rest on said segmental flanges, an annular drum base adapted to fit within the seat and to extend above the top of the font and above the recesses between the segmental flan es, a drum mounted on said base between t e inner and outer edges thereof, and a shield within the drum above the portion of the drum base therewithm and spaced therefrom and arran ed to protect such portion against the radiant heat of the flame above the wick tubes, the arrangement of arts permitting the air flowing throu h e recesses to circulate between the shiel and the drum base. a

6. In an oil stove, the combination of a font having an extended top, a burner projecting upwardly therefrom, a drum surrounding said burner a drum base extending above the top of the font and spaced therefrom and supporting the drum intermediate of the ixmer and outer edges of said base, the drum base being perforated near its outer peripheig and being perforated in the ortion whi is within the drum, a shiel extending outwardly from the inner of the drumjbase as. far as the drum an forming a space with the ortion of the drum base therebeneath sai drum being mforated between the shield and the drum 7. In an oil stove, the combination of a font having a substantiallfi horizontal top, a burner projecting upwar y from said top, a drum surrounding the burner and having a base extending outwardly and inwardly therefrom above the font, and, a shield within the drum above the mner portion of said base, the arrangement of arts permitting air to circulate beneath t e outer portion of the drum base above the font and through the inner portion of saidbaseand outwardly through the space between the same and the shie d.

8. In an oil stove, the combination of a font, a burner projecting upwardly from said font, the top of the font extending outwardl from said burner, a stove base sur- 65 rounding the font and having an annular mental flan es projecting inwardly from,

ecting outwardly from extending inwardl above the font, and an seat with segmental flanges projecting inwardlyfrom said seat, each of said flanges j being provided with one or more upwar ly projectin bosses, there being recesses between said flanges, a flan e projecting outwardly from the font an adapted to rest u on said bosses, an anular drum base a apted to fit within the seat and to extend inwardl above the top of the font and above t e recesses between the segmental fianges, said drum base being provided with perforations above its outer edge, a drum mounted on said base between the edges thereof, a shield within the drum and above the drum base and spaced there-- from the ortion of the drum base below the shield eingeperforated and the portion of the drum tween the shield and the drum base being perforated.

9. In an oil stove, the combination of a font, a burner projecting iipwardly from said font, the top of the out extending outwardly from said burner, a stove base surrounding the font and having an annular seat with segmental flanges projecting inwardly from said seat, each of said flanges being provided with oneor more upwardly pro ecting bosses, a flange prothe font and adapted to rest upon said bosses an annular drum base adapted to fit within the a seat and to extend inwardly above the top of the font and above the recesses between the segmental flan es, a drum mounted on said base between e edges thereof, an annular shield within the drum and above the drum base and spaced therefrom and forming an annular chamber therewith which is closed at its inner end the portion of the drum base below the shield beingbeperforated and the ortion of the drum tween ghe slaield and the drum base 'beingfpercrate 10. In an oil stove, the combination of a font having a top, a burner projecting upwardly from said top, a drum surrounding the burner and having an annular bottom annularshield wit in the drum and above such bottom and forming therewith an annular chamber which is closed at the inner edge, the arrangement of parts permitting air to circulate above the font and outwardl through said chamber.

11. 11 an oil stove, the combination of a font, a burner projecting upwardl from said font, a drum surroundin the burner, an annular bottom for said rum and extendin outwardly above the top of the font from t e burner to the drum, said bottom bein perforated, an annular shield within the rum and located above such drum bottom and forming therewith a chamber which is closed at the inner edge, the portion of the shield which is adjacent to the 180 therethrough and the wall of the drum be-- tween the shield and the drum bottom beli ing perforated.

12. In an oil stove, the combination of a font, a burner projecting upwardly from said font, a drum surrounding the burner, an annular bottom for said drum extending outwardly above the top of the font' from the burner to the drum, and an annular shield within the drum and located above such drum bottom and forming therewith a chamber which is closed at'the inner edge, the portion of the shield which is ad acent to the drum being provided with perforations arranged to admit a limited supply of air therethrough and the portion of the drum between said annular bottom and said annular shield being perforated for the circulation of air thereflame and extending substantially parallel therewith from a point near its base to a int near its up mg surrounding extremity, and a cassaid flameand extending above and below the same and provi ed with openings below the upper extremity of said diaphragm, said diaphragm secured to said casing above the openings,

and a partition below the said diaphragm provided with openings through which air passes to the said diaphragm and to the said openings in the casing.

14. he combination, with a font, of a 40 burner projecting thereabove, a drum surrounding and extending above said burner and providing a combustion space thereabove, and a pair of partitions extending inwardly from the lower portion of the drum toward the burner and forming with such portion of the drum a chamber interosed between the combustion space and the ont, the upper of said partitions being inclined downwardly from said drum and the portion of the drum between said partitions offering no material resistance to the outward radiation of heat from the upper partition.

11 testimony whereof, we hereunto afiix 5 our signatures in the presence of two wit- J. B. lieu, BRENNAN B.

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