US1243943A

US1243943A - Smokeless fuel-economizer.

Info

Publication number: US1243943A
Application number: US17019517A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles W Johns
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1917-05-22
Filing date: 1917-05-22
Publication date: 1917-10-23
Anticipated expiration: 1934-10-23

Description

C. W. JOHNS. SMOKELESS FUEL ECONOMIZER; APPLICATION FILED MAY 22. 1911.

Patented Oct. 23,1917.

CHARLES W. JOHNS, OF J ERSEYVILLE, ILLINOIS.

SMOKELESS FUEL-E0010 OMIZER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Got. 23, 191?.

Application filed May 22, 1917. Serial No. 170,195.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES W. JOHNS, a citizen of the United States, residing at J erseyville, in the county of Jersey and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Smokeless F uel- Economizers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in smokeless fuel economizers, and has particular reference to improvements over my prior Patent No. 1,049,100, granted December 31, 1912, wherein there is provided a pipe positioned exteriorly of the smoke stack for drawing gas and products of combustion from the stack and subsequently mixing the same with fresh air. In this construction the mixing of products of combustion with fresh air is performed exteriorly of the furnace structure so that the gas and roducts of combustion are mixed with col air. The present invention is designed with a view of heating the fresh air simultaneously with the mixing of the same with gas and products of combustion.

The primary object of the invention is the provision of an attachment adaptable for any type of furnace or boiler to be positioned in the smoke stack thereof insurin perfect combustion of the fuel t ereby reducing the cost of operation as well as eliminatin the smoke nuisance.

A her object of the device is the provision of a regulatable heater and mixer for furnaces which is easily and cheaply installed in a smoke stack and is adapted to increase the efiiciency of the furnace by rendering it possible to burn lower grades of coal, the structure being beneficial to health and saving waste. I

While the present device is designed for the distribution of pre-heated air over and below the furnace fire, such is known to be old and the present invention broadl covers the mixing of fresh air with pro ucts of combustion within the furnace stack, the heating of this mixture therein being suitably controlled as well as its forced introduction into the furnace.

In the drawing forming a part of this application and in which like numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the several views:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a furnace provlded with the present device parts bethe more ing1 illustrated in central vertical section, an

Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof partially broken. away.

My invention may be applied to any form of furnace and the same is herein illustrated in connection with the usual form of horizontal boiler furnace 10 having a boiler 11 arranged above the fire box 12 in which there is positioned a grate 13 having an ash pit 14 arranged beneath the grate. The usual flue doors 15 are arranged forwardly of the boiler 11 While entrance to'the fire box or combustion chamber 12 is obtained through the doors 16, similar doors 17 being arranged therebeneath for the ash pity14, it being understood that the .fire box 12 is suitably arranged in communication with the upright smoke stack or outlet flue 18.

A blower or fan 19 operable in any suitable manner is arranged adjacent the furnace 10 having an outlet pipe 20 tapped into the ash pit 14 as at 21 and with a branch pipe 22- arranged with a plurality of nozzles 23 entering the front wall of the fire box 12. A regulating damper 24 is provided in the branch pipe 22 while a similar damper 25 is provided in the pipe 20 below the said branch pipe.

A mixing device includingapipe 26 is arranged within the stack 18 in substantial axial relations therewith and connected with the inlet of the blower 19 by means of a conduit 27 passing through the adjacent side of the stack.

The mixer pipe 26 has its lower end portion 28 arranged within the enlarged or flaring base portion 29 of the stack 18 and is provided with a controlling damper 30 spaced from the lower end, while the upper end portion 31 of the mixer 'pipe 26 arranged above the conduit 27 is tapped through the side of the stack or smoke outlet flue 18 as at 32 for the admission of atmospheric air to the mixer 26. An operating lever 33 may be provided for the damper 30 having a pull cord 34 depending at a convenient position adjacent the furnace 10, although it will be understood that any convenient means that is desired may be arranged for turning the

dampers

24, 25, and 30. 1

It will be understood that with the blower 19 in operation, the device provides for the introduction of an excess of heated air through the nozzles 23 into the fire box 12 when fresh coal is being charged into the furnace and gradually reducing this excess air as the excess hydro-carbons from the fresh coal are burned. When this has been accomplished the air supply is changed by closing the damper 24 and opening the damper 25 thereby admitting air below the grate 13 into the ash pit 14. The mixer damper 30 is operated in accordance with the draft of the stack 18, the stronger the stack draft, the wider this damper 30 must be opened and the weaker the stack draft, the nearer the damper is closed, The damper 30 regulates the amount of fresh air entering the mixer 26 from the inlet 32 as the wider the damper 30 is opened, the smaller is the amount of fresh air drawn into the mixer end portion 31. The mixer end 28 being central of the upwardly contracting stack portion 29 directly receives the heated products of combustion from the fire box 12 when the damper 30 is opened while the amount of such ascending heated gases entering the mixer 26 regulates the amount of fresh air entering the vmixer from the opening 32, which mixture is drawn into the conduit 27 by the suction fan or blower 19. It will be evident that when the damper 30 is open to its greatest extent and the stack draft is of great strength and the blower 19 idle, the products of combustion will pass upwardly through the surrounding portion of'the stack 18, and cause an inward and downward draft of air through the pipe 26 to mix therewith in the stack and be conveyed therefrom in the usual manner. By partially closing the damper 30, and operating the fan 19, the upward inflow of gas to the mixer 26 is rendered insuflicient to expel, and prevent entrance of the air to the mixer portion 31 so that the gas and air are united in the mixer, as

well as heated therein by the high temperature maintaining within the stack and be drawn through the conduit 27 by the blower 19 and utilized in the combustion chamber 12 and ash pit 14: in the manner heretofore described.

By means of my device herein disclosed,

air may be pre-heated to a temperature from 400 to 500 Fahrenheit and advantageously employed for forced draft purposes. The feeding of superheated air to the fire as well as the returning and refeeding of the escaping partially burned gases greatly conserves the fuel and utilizes to the greatest naaaeae extent, all of the heat units contained therein.

While the form of the invention herein set forth is believed to be the preferable embodiment of my device as embodying the utilitarian principle thereof, it will be nevertheless understood that other forms of the same may be employed without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention as claimed, such for instance as the positioning of the lower end of the mixing chamber in some other portion of the stack or boiler than the lower flaring portion of the stack as herein illustrated.

It is noted that it is not intended that any smoke or gases will pass out of the open ing 32 upon opening the damper 30 as the said damper is designed to be closed when the blower 19 is not in operation but upon opening the damper at such times, the products of combustion would not pass out of the opening 32 as the up-draft of the stack, exceeding that of the mixer, insures the passing of such products through the stack and outwardly of the top thereof.

What I claim as new is 1. In a furnace provided with a flue and a grate, the combination with said flue and grate, of an air and furnace-gas mixer arranged within the flue and in communication'with the atmosphere, means for regulating the flow of furnace gases entering the mixer, a conduit communicating with the mixer intermediate the ends of the mixer and having branches discharging above and below the grate, a forced draft device in said conduit, and means for regulating the flow of mixture through the respective branches of the conduit.

2. lfn a furnace provided with a flue and a grate, the combination with said flue and grate, of an air and furnace gas mixer ar ranged within the flue and in communication with the atmosphere, means for regulating the flow of furnace gases into the mixer, a conduit member communicating with the mixer intermediate the ends of the mixer with its discharge end leading to the furnace, a forced draft device in said conduit member, and means for regulating the flow of mixture from the conduit member into the furnace.

In testimony whereof ll affix my signature.