US1229685A - Furnace for pulverous fuel. - Google Patents

Description

K. H. V. VON PORAT. FURNACE FOR PULVEROUS FUEL. APPLICATION min JULY 15. 1913.

ille a W w. I V .l l-lliilllllilL Patented June 12, 1917.

5 SHEETSSHEET I K. H.- V. VON PORAT. FURNACE FOR PULVEROUS FUEL. APPLICATION FILED JULY 15. I913.

Patented m 12, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

K. H'. V. VON PORAT. FURNACE FOR PULVEROUS FUEL. APPLICATION FILED JULY 15, fans.

Patented June 12, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

M w W M S ES K. H. V. VON PORAT. FURNACE FOR PULVEROUS FUEL. APPLICATION FILED JULY 15, 1913.

Patented June 12, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5- r L I H MFWESSPE KARL HJALMAIR, VILHELM VON PORAT, OF STOCKSUND, SWEDEN.

FURNACE FOR PULVEROUS FUEL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 12, 191W.

. i Application filed July 15, 1913. Serial No. 779,161.

To all whom it may camera:

Be it known that I, KARL HJALMAn VIL: HELM VON PORAT, a subject of the King of Sweden, and resident of Villa Karlsro,-

Stocksund, in the Kingdom of Sweden, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces for Pulverous Fuel, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

The present high cost of pit coal, which possibly may be yet increased, renders the use of the cheaper peat fuel, viz: pulverous peat, for the stoking of locomotives particularly desirable, especially as the said fuel can now be easily obtained in great quantitities and of excellent quality. Besides the economical gain the said fueLor firing with the same, involves the advantage, that thecharging of the furnace can be-efi'ected automatically and in an adjustable manner in accordance with the steam consumption and that scarcely any smoke is generated. The furnace as well as the fuel charging device must, however, be arranged in a manner suitable for the said purpose, so thatvthe pulverous fuel is ignited rapidly, having entered the furnace, and is burnt completely. Furthermore, a suitable arrangement must be provided for the effecting and maintaining. of an igniting fire, when necessary, which. fire is independent of the ordinary firing'with pulverous fuel and the object of which is to maintain the heat in the furnace during long interruptions inthe running of the train as at stations, during which periods the feeding of the pulverous fuel into the furnacemust be stopped. This forms the object of the present.invention. The pulverous peat is contained in a funnelshaped receptacle located on the tender or the locomotive and falls down a pipe or tube communicating with the furnace, in which tube it"is conveyed partly by the draft in the furnace partly by an injector, actuated by steam, compressed air or the like; The said tube fits tightly to the rearend wall of thefurnace, so that no air can enter the furnace atthe joint.

tube an inlet opening for the outer air is.

At the inlet end of the provided. Owing to one or more pieces or vaults of fire-proof material built up in the drawings.

furnace the latter has the shape of a comparatively narrow channel, which has a comparatively great length by extending forward and backward longitudinally of the furnace. 1n the said channel, which forms, so to say, an extension of the said tube, the powder is heated and ignited rapidly and directly upon its entrance into the same due to the fact that the inlet end of the channel is strongly heated also by the flame, which passes through the channel, surrounding the outer side of the inlet end of the channel. The complete combustion of the fuel is effected partly in the fore part of the channel partly in the tubes of the boiler. The vault or vaults may be arranged in different manners and some forms of the same are shown as examples in the accompanying Preferably two vaults are provided one above the other, the lower vault having fully or partially the same Width as the furnace and the top vault having the same width asthe furnace. The furnace is provided at its front part or rear part and comparatively near its bottom with a suitable fire boX, grate or the like for the fire, mentioned above. F orthe fire last mentioned solid, liquid or gaseous fuel may be used. For the liquid or gaseous fuel a conduit is provided, communicating with the fire box.

Figures 1, 2 and 3 show one form of the invention. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the furnace.

Fig. 2 is a cross section of the same partially on the line A-B and partially on the line CD of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the furnace. Further forms are shown in Figs. 4 to 6 inclusive, 7 and 8, 9 to 11 inclusive, 12 and 13, and 14 and 15 respectively. Figs. 16 to 18 inclusive and Figs. 19, 21 show two furnace modifications. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section.

Fig. 5 is a cross-section partially on the line EF and partially on the line GH of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on the line ]l-K of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section.

. Fig. 8 is a cross-section on the line LM of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section.

Fig. 10 is a cross-section on the line NO of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a horizontal section on the line P-Q of Fig. 9.

Fig. 12 is a longitudinal section. Fig. 13 is a horizontal section on the line A 1 of Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 15 is a horizontal section on the line C -D of Fig. 14:.

Fig. 16 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 17 is a cross section partially on the line A B and partially on the line C -D of Fig. 16. v

Fig. 18 is a horizontal section on the line E'F of Fig. 16.

Fig. 19 shows a mouth piece.

The furnace, Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, comprises the central, hollow vault 1, which extends from the rear end wall of the furnace and the fore end of which is free, the said vault forming the channel 2, into which runs the fuel, and the top vault 3. The vault 3 has the same width as the furnace and extends substantially along the fore half part of the furnace and embraces the vault 1. Between the side walls of the vault 1, extending downward to the bottom of the furnace and the side walls of the fur nace free spaces are provided. The rear end of the top vault 3 is connected partially with the vault 1 but the rest of the said vault 3 is free at its lower side as well as at its top side. tained in a funnel shaped receptacle 5 provided on the tender 4 and runs down from the outlet opening 6 of the receptacle into a pipe or tube 7, the end of which is bent upward and formed as a funnel 8 located under the outlet opening 6. The said opening is provided with a control device for the feeding of the powder into the funnel 8. The fore end of the tube 7 extends through the shell 9 and fits tightly to the same, and also into a passage 10 extending inward toward the channel 2. The pipe 7 ends in a wide mouth piece 18. The air for combustion passes into the shell 9. which extends forward under the furnace and covers the greatest part of the rear end wall of the same. The said shell 9 is provided with a regulating damper 11. Under the passage 10, the bottom 33 of which consists of a plane surface, a small fire box 12 for solid fuel is provided, which opens into the channel 2 and is used when wanted. [in air channel 3% communicates with the said fire box 12. Liquid or gaseous fuel may be forced through a pipe 13 into the furnaceabove the fire box 12. An injector 14. communicates with the fore end of the tube 7, which injector is connected with the steam boiler, a receptacle containing compressed air, or the like, and sucks the fuel to the The pulverous fuel is confurnace and spreads it in the same. Even in the channel 2 the powder, forced into the same, is ignited owing to the fact that the channel 2 is strongly heated by the flame inclosing the same. The flame, when leaving the channel 2, returns upward and backward, under the vault 3, passing along the top as well as the lateral sides of the vault 1 and in contact with the same. The flame then turns again and passes forward over the vault 3 to the tubes of the steam boiler and into the same. Consequently, the flame is in contact with the lower side as Well as the top side of the vault 3. Owing to the fact that the powder immediately at its entrance into the channel comes into contact with very heated surfaces, it is ignited rapidly, a continual and complete combustion of the same being effected. The feeding of the fuel is continuous but may be interrupted for very long periods Without any special measures being necessary forthe re-ignition of the same, as the feeding is again started. The feeding of the powder can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the draft in the ordinary manner by means of the steam jet blower, provided in the chimney, the injector, the feeding device provided in the receptacle 5, and the damper 11, the opening-of which to a greater or less extent results in the suction 1n the tube 7 being decreased and increased respectively. The rear end of the tube 7, behind the funnel 8, is open at '15, so that air can enter the tube behind the inlet for the fuel. In order that the surface of the channel or the vault may be acted upon and heated more effectively by the flame, the channel is provided with transverse offsets, as shown in the top vault 3 in Fig. 1. The said ofl'sets may be effected by the vault being built up by means of pieces 35 (stones) the size of which is adapted for the purpose, as also shown in the said figure, see also Fig. 7. Vertical partitions may be provided between thevaults 1 and 3 or above or under the same, so that there are two or more channels abreast and so on. Openings or passages 20 are provided in the bottom of the furnace at each side of the vault 1, Fig. 3, admitting air into the furnace, which will strike the flame leaving the channel 2. lVith the channel 2 communicates a passage 25 which is provided in the bottom wall of the channel immediately in front of the inlet end of the same and through which air can enter the channel from below.

In Figs. l to 6 inclusive the top vault 3 is free with relation to the lower vault 1, so that the flame is in contact with the whole top surface of the vault 1. in Figs. 7 and 8 the vault 1 is connected with the side walls of the furnace, so that the width of the channel 2 is greater than that of the channel 2 shown in Figs. 2 and 5. The

tubes 27, through which the exhaust steam passes and between which the air passes to the furnace, as shown by the arrow, thus absorbing heat from the said tubes.

In Figs. 9 to 11 inclusive the top vault does not extend to the end wall of the boiler,

from which the tubes of the boiler extend forward, but the said vault extendsdownward to the bottom of the furnace, the fore end. being thus closed. -The vaults are located in a suitable casing 16 of sheet metal, so that they can easily be inserted into the furnace and withdrawn from the same as a whole. Such an arrangement maybe provided also in theother forms of execution of the invention. In Figs. 12 and 13 the fore end of the lower vault 1 is so wide, that it extends to the side walls of the furnace, the rear end of the vault on the other hand is narrower, so that the vault has in part the same width as the furnace. Furthermore,

the said vault 1 is free at its top and bottom l der.

side's. Consequently, the flamecan pass the walls of the vault 2 outside the same and in contact with both its top and bottom sides and its lateral sides. In Figs. 12 and 13 an air inlet opening 21 with a damper 22 is provided above the inlet tube 7 forthe pow- If the damper 22 is opened, the air passes into the channel 2 in the direction indicated by the arrows. In Figs. 14 and 15 a grate 23 for a'solid fuel is provided behind the vault 1. The said fuel is stoked through an opening closed by the shutter 24:. In this case the grate 23 forms 'the bottom of the fire box. In'the construction shown in Figs. 14 and 15 the rear end of the vault 1 is locatedat some distance from the rear end wall of the fur-nace and extends downward thus forming a downward extending channel 2. The channel 2 communicates with an air channel 9. The pulverous fuel is forced I from below into the channel 2 through the tube 7.

In Figs. 16 to 18 inclusive the inlet opening or channel 25 for the pulverous fuel is provided in the lower part of the rear end 2 wall of the furnace and the fire box 12 is located in front of the same, at the bottom.

The fore end of the pipe 7 extends from below upward into the channel 25, into which the air can also pass from the channel 9,

' through the damper 40 and through the space between the pipe 7 and the said end wall. Consequently, the pipe 7 acts like an injector, and forces the air into the channel 25. 'The powder is forced into the furnace by air under pressure or steam, passing through the pipe 26. The powder passes also through the fire box 12 and over the bridge 17 of the same, and, consequently, the ignition of the same may, if desired, be effected by fire being simultaneously maintained in the box. Through another damper 41, provided under the fire-box 12, air can pass into the said fire box and is controlled by the damper. A vertical partitionwall 28 connects the vaultl and the bridge 17, so that the vault is supported also from below.

The furnace should be so shaped or arranged, if possible, that the surface of the channel is so long and is sufficiently charged- ,with air, that the fuel is burnt completely. A characteristic feature of the invention also consists in the manner, in which the air is led into the furnace, vi'z. partly through the dampers 11 and 22, partly through the tube 7, and also through the channel 25 or the openings 20 and the injector combined with the tube 7. One or more tubes 7 may be used. The contracted, tube like shape of the inlet end of the channel 2 is of great importance for the ignition of the fuel. The device feeding the fuel into the furnace is connected with the device for admitting the steam into the working cylinders or the steam jet blower provided in the chimney in such manner, that the feeding device starts operating automatically, as the steam is admitted. A similar arrangement may be provided for the admitting of air, steam, liquid fuel or the like to the pulverous fuel. The furnace described above may be used also in stationary steam boilers and the like.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is.

1. In a furnace for burning pulverous fuel, a channel, built of refractory material, a .vault above said channel, means for introducing the fuel into said channel, free spaces on both sides of the channel between the walls of the channel and the furnace wall, the vault extending over the front part of the channel and the said free spaces so as fuel, a channel, built of refractory material, a vault above said channel, means for introducing the fuel into said channel, free spaces on both sides of the channel between the Walls of the channel and the furnace wall, the vault extending over the front part of the channel and the said free spaces so as to form backwardly leading channels on vault above said channel, means for introducing the fuel into said channel, free spaces on both sides of the channel between the Walls of the channel and the furnace Wall, the vault extending over the front part of the channel and the said free spaces so as to form backwardly leading channels on both sides of'the first channel, means for causing the gases to pass said backwardly leading channels for the purpose of being cooled before passing forwardly over the vault, an independent fire box, and means for causing both the gases resulting from the burning of the pulverous fuel as well as the gases coming from the fire box to pass both the upper and lower sides of the vault.

4:. In a furnace for burning pulverous fuel, a downwardly extending vault having a channel therein, means for introducing the fuel into the upper end of said channel, a second vault overlapping but spaced from the first mentioned vault, means for igniting the fuel, free spaces on both sides of the first mentioned vault between this latter and the furnace wall, the last mentioned vault extending over the front part of the channel and the free spaces so as to form backwardly leading channels on both sides of the first channel, means for causing the gases to pass said backwardly leading channels for the purpose of being cooled before passing forwardly over the vault.

I In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of subscribing witnesses.

KARL HJALMAR VILHELM VON PORAT. Witnesses:

AXEL EHRUCE, GRETA PRIM.

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