US1227513A - Facing-tool for dressing valve-seats, &c. - Google Patents

Description

T. B. WILLIAMS & F. L SMITH.

FACfNG TOOL FOR DRESSING VALVE SEATS, &c. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 23, I915.

L227,5 1 3 Patented May 22, 1917.

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T. B. WILLlAlVlS & F. L. SMITH.

FACING TOOL FOR DRESSING ALVE SEATS, m.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.23. 1915.

Patented May 22, 1917.

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T. B. WILLIAMS & F. L. SMITH.

FACING TOOLFOR DRESSING VALVE SEATS, &c.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.23. I915.

L22?,51 3... Patented May 22, 1917.

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THOMAS B. WILLIAMS, OF ORANGE, MASSACHUSETTS AND FRANK L. SMITH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS TO THE LEAVITT MACHINE COMPANY, OF QRANGE, MASSACHUSETTS, it USEIGIltR-JIQN OF MASSACHUSETTS.

FACING-TOOL FOR DRESSING VALVESEATS, 8w.

Application filed January 23, 1915.

b all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, THOMAS B. TIL- LIAMS and FRANK L. SMITH, citizens of the United States, and residents, respectively, of Orange, in the county of Franklin and State of l fassachusetts, and Chicago, in the county of Cook and @tate of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Facing-Tools for Dressing Valve-Seats, &c., of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a facing tool for dressing valve-seats, etc, and particularly to a tool adapted for recutting valve-seats, etc, that have become worn or pitted as a result of long use, this class of tools being of a ype especially adapted for attachment to valve-casing and refacing a valve-seat in a pipe-line, or other location in situ.

In the patent to Morse, No. 29,939, granted June 10, 1890, there is disclosed a type of tool for recutting valve-seats, etc., in which the general direction of the tool is lengthwise of the axis of the cutter. In a prior patent granted to us June 41., 1912, Yo. 1,028,295, there is disclosed a type of facing tool in which the general direction of the tool is transverse to such cutting axis, but in the tool of said patent the device is designed for attachment to a single resistance point outside the tool, via, a valve seat or other surface of the work. In said patent and in our prior Patent No' 1,012,926, granted Dec. 26, 1911, the tool has a universal connection with its operating means for the purpose, more particularly, of adapting it for the cutting of surfaces disposed at an acute angle to the axis of one of the elements of the universal connection, and especially to permit it to operate upon valve-seats disposed at an acute angle to each other, a type of construction common to gate-valves for the refacing of which said tools are particularly adapted.

In a companion application filed by us January 2 :3, 1915, Serial No. 3,897, there is disclosed a type of valve-facing tool espe cially adapted for use in connection with the valve-seats, etc, of gate valves in which the general direction of the tool is transverse to the cutting axis and which operates against or between two fixed resistance 70iD ZS or surfaces lying wholly outside the tool, that is, two fixed points or surfaces of Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 22, 1917..

Serial No. 3,899.

the work or article to which the tool is attached. In said tool there is retained as an important feature of the construction particularly adapting the tool for use in recutting valve-seats disposed at an acute anto each other, a universal connection. in another companion application filed by us January 28, 1915, Serial No. 3,898 which. involves in the main an extension of the principle disclosed in our application last referred to, there is disclosed a facing tool 0% ,ie same general type, that is to say, one having a general direction crosswise of the cutting axis, and also preferably having a universal connection between its two main parts, but which is adapted for a wider range of usefulness through the employment of certain movements and adjustments which permit the tool to cooperate properly with valve-seats, etc, disposed farther apart (and at various angles to each other) than the valve faces for which the tool disclosed in the first of our said companion applications is adapted. The principal feature of the second of our companion applications is a cutter-bar or lever jointed or otherwise so formed as to permit a. change in the general direction of the cutter-bar or lever, and particularly of the inner face thereof nearest the cutting tool, this change of general direction preferably resulting from using a cutter-liar or lever having pivotally connected main and auxiliary sections one of which carries an element of the universal connection between the two main parts of the tool and also embodies the load and power points of said lever, while the other section, preferably a yoke shiftable to different an lar relations to the main section, preferably embodies the fulcrum of the lever. The tool. of said second appli cation. also embodies means for shifting the main and auxiliary sections of the cutterhar or lever relatively to each other, and for adjusting the position of one element of the universal connection (and hence of the load-point of the lever which is embodied in said element) in a direction to change the leverage, this adjustment being for the purpose of permitting the tool to cooperate properly with valve-seats, etc., of different diameters. Said application also discloses provision for shifting this element of the universal connection crosswise of the cutter-bar or lever to vary the distance between the two main elements of the facing tool.

In the tool of said last mentioned application, however, the adjustment of the angular relation of the two main members of the cutter-bar or lever is somewhat diflicult to make as all the parts controlling the adjustment lie between the valve-seats in the valve casing when the tool is in operative relation with such a pair of valve-seats Moreover, for the same reason, the vertlcal adjustment of the position of the load-point of the lever and of that element of the pivotal or universal. connection for the cutter which is carried by the cutter-bar is also somewhat difficult to make. In addition to this the range of crosswise adjustment of said pivotal or universal connector is limited, it being somewhat less than the length of said connector itself. D

The principal object of the present 111VG11' tion is to provide a tool having a main ele ment the general direction of which is pref erably crosswise to the cutting axis, in which the adjustment of the general direction of said element and of the position of the connector and load-point just described may be changed as desired from a point outside the work and preferably from a point at or near the extreme outer or upper end of said main element of the tool. Any suitable means for accomplishing these results may be employed but the connectlons will preferably be carried wholly by the main element of the cutter-bar or lever before mentioned.

Another important feature of the invention consists in employing as one element of the pivotal or universal connection between the two main parts of the tool, an extensible element by means of which a considerable increase in the relative distance between the cutter and cutter-bar of the tool. may be obtained as compared with the maximum separation possible with the corresponding means disclosed in the aforesaid applications.

In the foregoing the main features that distinguish the present improvements from the devices of our aforesaid companion applications are set forth. Various more spccific features of the present invention will be hereinafter set forth in detail and are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a facing tool embodying the present invention in operative relation with a pair of parallel valve-seats;

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the device shown in Fig. 1 looking from the right in said figure toward the cutter-bar of-the tool;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged broken elevation partly in section of the cutter-bar and parts carried thereby looking at the inner face of said bar;

Fig. at is an enlarged broken elevation of the same, lookin at the outer face of said bar;

Fig. 5 is a broken edge elevation of the same, and

Fig. 6 is a vertical section and elevation of the lower end of the cutter-bar and parts carried thereby, these being disposed in the same positions as in Fig. 5.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

As before stated, the tool of the present invention is preferably one made up of two main parts connected by a pivotal or universal joint and disposed in a general direction transverse to the axis of the cutter, and adapted for operation while engaged with a plurality of resistance points or surfaces lying outside the tool, that is, lying in the work or its equivalent. One of the principal objects in constructing a facing tool in this manner is to adapt it to be inserted into and work in comparatively small spaces. Reduction of the thickness of the tool wherever this can be done without sacrificing strength, etc., is a matter of importance. The tool of the present application in addition to being distinguished from the tools of our aforesaid applications in the respects noted, is also one in which the cutter-bar or lever has a minimum thickness so as to take up the minimum amount of space between a pair of valveseats, etc., with which it is intended to cooperate. As to the other main element of the too], this, as in our aforesaid applications, has also preferably a rotary cutter operated by a ratchetfeed lever connected thereto in such a manner that the ratchet feed cutter as a whole also occupies the minimum amount of space crosswise, that is, in the direction of its thickness. hen two such main elements are brought together for cooperation it will be seen that they .will occupy the minimum amount of space and will therefore be capable of operation upon valve-seats, etc., spaced a com paratively short distance apart. When two such main elements are brought together and temporarily connected by a universal joint or ball-andsocket connection in the manner disclosed in our aforesaid applications, to face two such valvo-seats lying close together, the presence of means for changing the general direction of the cutterbar or lever and varying the position of the element of the universal connection carried thereby becomes a matter of much importance, as the space between the seats is insuflicient to permit the user of the tool to make these changes of position, or adjustments, readily, and in some cases the making of the necessary augustments will be found extremely diilicult. The means employed in the tool of the present appli cation makes it easy to obtain the necessary angular setting of the members of the cutter-bar and the desired relocation of the cutting axis and loadpoint.

The two main eleinci tool may be of any sun crnstruction coming within the fore discl sure. They are preferably a ratchet-reed cutter of any suitable type, such as '1 a cutterbar, preferably a cutter-sin form of a lever such as JO main elements of the tool will y llztf, a face-to-face connection. ball-anilsoclret joint, for p les eady connection and disconnection therec; by movement in substantially a straight line. This connection permits one of these main elements to be inserted in the opening l'ietiveen a pair of valve-seats in a casing-head in advance of the other and the second member afterward inserted and the complementary bearing elements then nrcperly as sociated. as by merely insuring the ball part 2 into the socket 3 after the two ele ments have been located substantially in working position between a of opposed resistance surfaces such as the valve-seats. r and r, of easing C. Such a universal connection as this permits relative tipi of the parts A and B to enable the cu g edges to face surfaces widely varying angles.

The element A is preferably a ratchet-feed cutter comprising a lever, Z, a cutter proper, c, and a ratchet-feed connection between said lever and cutter for converting oscillating movement of the lever about the cutting axis into a step-by-step rotation of the cutter proper. This cutter 0 preferably has a multiplicity of cutting blades or cutters proper, 0, so constructed and so disposed about the axis of the cutter c as to operate upon the surfaces to be faced with a scraping rather than a cutting action, as set forth in our aforesaid patents. The specific features of novelty of this ratchet-feed cutter constitute the subject matter of a separate application iiled by us January 1915, EBerial No. 3900, and will not be described in detail herein.

The main element B of the present tool is preferably a bar to facilitate its insertion down into the valvccasing- G to the desired point and its proper manipulation to bring it to the working position in operative relation with the element A. The construction sh own is one in which the bar forms a support for the cutter and constitutes a lever the fulcrum of which is a point of contact with the resistance surface or valve-seat with which it cooperates. Ordinarily the two members A and B will engage and work between resistance points or surfaces such as M- a wil lgienono r and r and will have such a relative movement toward and away from each other as to be readily releasable from said surfaces as well as movable into clamping engagement therewith, this being due to relative spreading of these two main parts and their consequent reaction a against the opposed resistance surfaces between which they work. The fulcruin of the lever is substantially at the lower end of the outer face thereof, that is, it is the point of contact of said lever with the corrcspondin r sistance point or surface 1 h which it coiipcrates. This lever in adi to supporting the cutter has other impel furictions one of the principal ones being hat of feeding the cutter up to the work, said feeding movement in the present case being a slow and gradual swinging movement of said lever about its fulcrum towarc the left in Fig. 1.

As in the case of the tool of the second of our aforesaid companion applications, the cutterbar or lever B of the present invention is so made, preferably by, being minted, that the elements thereof may change their relative angular positions. Here, as there, the preferred construction is one in which the cutter-bar or lever is made up of two pivotally connected elements one of which is the main section, b, and the other of which is an auxiliary section preferably in the form of a yoke, 3 pivoted to the main section 6 near the end. thereof. This pivot is indicated at 4 and may be of any suitable type.

one of these two main elements, in this case the section Z), is intended to contain the loadpoint of the lever, while the fulcrum-point is located in the other element. to wit, in the auxiliary section or yoke 1 Here the power point of the cutter-bar or lever is also intended to be located in the main section 5, it be iiig shown as in an element adjustable lengthwise of said main section the main part shown for this purpose being an adjustable screw-stud, 5. movable in a main guide-slot, 6. which here extends from a point near the upper end of the section b to the lower end thereof and intersects said lower end. This screw-stud is intended to be clamped inplace in any adjusted position len hwise of the part b, as by means of a clamping lever, 7, ou the threaded portion of the screw-stud 5, which in turn is shown as projecting from and practically forming a. part of a slide-block, 8, substantially "i shaped in cross-section movable up and down on the ways formed by the guide-slot 6, a washer, 9, being interposed between said clamping lever and the outer face of the part 7) to increase the area of the surface gripped. By means of this construction the stud 5 may be located and held securely in any desired vertical position. As in our prior applications aforesaid, the screw-stud 5 forms at its extreme outer end the power-point of the lever B to which pressure is applied for imparting feed movement to said lever and through it to the cutter 0 to feed the latter up to the work. This feed movement may be produced in various ways, a suitable feed device, such as F, being shown as cooperating with. the lever B at the power-point of the latter for this purpose. The feed device 7 l? is detachably connected to the flanged portion, 10, of the valve-casing G in a wellknown manner, as by clamp-screws, 11. As in our companion cases, the main element of the feed device is a feed-screw, 12, having a knurled head, 13, and a cupped inner end for cooperation with the power-point of the lever B. The adjacent surfaces of the feedscrew and the power-point of the lever B are so shaped as to cooperate properly in all relative positions of the parts, that is, at all angles which they may make as the feed progresses. Because of this end contact which these devices make the feed device and the tool. as a whole are as readily separable as are the two main elements A and B of the tool proper by disconnection at the ball.- joint 23. Moreover, disconnection takes place by a movement in a direction substantially parallel with the direction of movement for disconnecting said ball-joint. The principal object of providing for adjustment of the position of the power-point of the lever B is to enable said lever to cooperate properly with valve-seats, etc, of difi'erent diameters, this adjustment being necessary in any tool adapted to operate on valveseats differing considerably in diameter. The adjustment shown provides for a considerable range of action of the tool in this respect.

As before stated, one element of the pivotal or universal connection between the elements A and B is carried by the part B near the lower end thereof, that is, near the fulcrum of the lever B. The load-point of said lever is in this pivotal element, which is therefore a lever of the second order. For the reason set forth in connection with the shifting of the power-point it is desirable to provide for shifting the load-point also, and in the construction shown this is accomplished in a manner similar to that described in connection with the power-point. Here the ball element 2 of the pivotal or universal connection between the main parts A and B of the facing tool is at the inner end of a threaded screw-1')ost, 7), slidable through a slide-block, 1.4, movable up and down in a guide-groove G of the main section B of said lever near the lower end of said section. llhis slide-block is substantially similar to that illustrated in our aforesaid applications, it being substantially T-shaped in cross-section and suitably bored to receive the screw-post 7). This post in turn has a pair of knurled nuts, 15 and 16, on it which with said pest control another important function of the tool, to wit, the preliminary relative adjustment of the two main elements A and B at the proper distance apart for coaction with valve-seats spaced at different distances apart. necessary in order to give the tool any considerable range of action in this respect. In the second of our aforesaid companion applications the desired adjustment was obtainedby simply sliding this post to the proper position and then properly locating the two nuts on it and jamming said nuts. In the present case, however, the scrcw-post 7) is not, as in our aforesaid applications, a single element unchangeable in length, but is an extensible element made up in this instance of two parts which are substantially telescopic and one of which is the solid post 79 and the other of which is a tubular post, 7 integral with the knurled head 16. Moreover, the slide-block 14 through which the part 29 passes is cut away in such a manner as to provide sufficient space for that portion of the member 7? which extends inwardly from the inner face of the knurled nut ii"), in order that said clamp-nut may always be able to engage the outer face of the section Z). When it is desired to utilize the full length of the pivot element 79 j) the part 16p which is internally screw-threaded to cooperate with the external threads of the part ,7), is unscrewed to extend the knurled head 16 thereof as far as possible beyond the point end of the post 79 after which the nut 15 is turned to carry it to the right in Fig.

far enough to jam against the inner face of the section 7) of the cutter-bar. In this position the ball-head 2 of the connector is projected its maximum distance inwardly and is positioned to cooperate with valveseats spaced substantially the maximum distance apart. In this case, as in our aforesaid applications, the screw-post p is intended to be held against turning movement and has a longitudinal groove or key-way cut in the surface thereof to receive corresponding pin or key in the bore passing transversely through the slide-block, as will be obvious.

The vertical adjustment of the ball-head and screw -post, that is, the adjustment lengthwise of the main section 7) of the lever, is intended in this case to be effected from a point on the tool outside and clear of the work, preferably from the extreme outer or upper end of the cutter-bar or lever B. The connections employed for this purpose may be of any suitable type. Here connection to the slideblock 14. may be made in a manner substantially similar to that described in our aforesaid companion applications, that is, by a feed-screw adapted to turn but suitably held against longitudinal move ment relative to said slide-block. Said feedscrew, however, is distinguished from that This adjustment is i of our aforesaid applications in that it extends to a point outside the work where it can be readily manipulated by the operator and has suitable provision associated therewith for such manipulation. The preferred construction is one in which a feed-screw, 17, threaded for a considerable distance at its lower end, extends upward unthreaded through the upper end of the main portion 1) of the cutter-bar or lever and at or near its extreme upper end has a knurled head, such as 18, for turning the rod. This rod, as illustrated, is disposed along the longitudinal axis for the cutter-bar B and is in the most favorable location for readily acting upon the slide-block 14: to raise and lower the ball element 2 of the universal connection, and hence the load-point of the lever which load-point is embodied in said ballhead. The connection between the threaded lower end of the rod and the slideblock here comprises a set-screw 19 passing transversely through the upper inner wall of the slide-block 14 and into engagement with a short sleeve, 20, surrounding and free to turn on the reduced lower unthreaded end of the screw-rod 17, a stop-collar being shown at 21 on the lower end of said feedscrew or rod and pinned thereto to maintain the connection between said screw and slide-block, while permitting relative turning of the screw. The threaded portion or screw proper of this screw-rod passes through a correspondingly threaded vertical bore at the longitudinal axis of the element Z), this threaded opening being in a cross-piece, 22, held in place in any suitable manner, as by means of screws, 23. The main element 6 of the lever comprises in this case as its principal parts two parallel bars which in this instance are connected by the cross-piece or block 22 just described and by a similar cross-piece or block, 24:, at the upper end of the part b, the cross-bar or block 24 being also shown as held in place by screws, 25, in a manner similar to the block 22. Both cross-pieces or blocks 22 and 24: are shown as set into recesses in the inner faces of the two parallel bars of the main section Z) of the cutter-bar or lever. The feed-screw or rod 17 is guarded in a cylindrical bore in another element (hereinafter to be described) passing through the cross-bar or block 24 and is threaded through the internally threaded bore in the lower crossbar or block 22 from which its feed movement is derived. It will be evident that by turning the knurled heed 18 in one direction or the other the element 2 embodying the load-point of the lever and also the center of connection with the cutter may be shifted to any desired position lengthwise of the cutter-bar and held by the engaging screw-threads in any position to which it is shifted; and that this result is produced by devices located wholly on the main section b of the element B.

In addition to the devices just described for shifting the load-point and the powerpoint of the lever, means are also provided, as in the second of our aforesaid companion applications, to adapt the tool for coopera- ,tion with valve-seats, etc., disposed far apart and at widely varying angles to each other from parallelism to an acute angle of considerable size. The means employed is a cutter-bar or lever made up of sections, one of which is shiftable to different positions crosswise of said bar or lever, preferably to different angles to the other part, in which adjusted positions it will be held when in use. Here the cutter-bar or lever B is made up of a main section b and an auxiliary section preferably pivoted thereto. The cutter-bar or lever B is located in one direction by contact of the outer face of the auxiliary section or yoke thereof with the resistance surface such as 1 with which it cooperates, that is to say, by engagement of the outer side of the lower end of this auxiliary section or yoke with a resistance surface at the fulcrum-point of the lever, this fulcrumpoint being, as in the second of our aforesaid applications, in the auxiliary section or yoke and not in the main section of the element B.

In use it is necessary to locate the element B transversely of the cutting axis and preferably in such a manner that it will have no tendency to turn about its axis. As in our aforesaid application, the positioning of the element B lengthwise results from the use of one or more stop-pins, such as 8, projecting outwardly from the auxiliary section or yoke y near the lower end thereof and adapted to engage the circular inner wall of the valve-seat shown. There will usually be a plurality of these stop-pins, and these in the construction shown cooperate with a third point at the opposite side of the cutting axis, which third point is in the main section Z) of the element B and is located at the power-point of the lever. Thus at least three fixed points of location are provided for preventing lengthwise movement of the element B and also for preventing relative turning movement ofthe same about the cutting axis, these points forming preferably the corners of a triangle. By means of these elements for locating the cutter-bar or lever in a direction transverse to and circumferentially of the cutting axis, and by means of the contacting faces at the fulcrum of the lever, the element B is located against movement in every direction except toward the cutter and movement in that direction is intended to take place (after the parts have been set in position between the surfaces 1" and r) only as aresult of the inward advance of the element B turning about its fulcrum on the application of power near the upper end thereof. By providing such a cutter-bar or lever having main and auxiliary sections shiftable in the manner before described relatively to each other, the general direction of said bar or lever may be varied within quite wide limits to enable this bar to cooperate properly with the element A whether the resistance surfaces are far apart or close together and parallel with each other, or disposed at a considerable acute angle with respect to each other. The universal or ball-and-socket connection between the two main elements A and B of course permits the proper cooperation of these elements when tipped at a considerable acute angle to each other. The particular angular position to which the sections of the main element ll will be set in any given case will of course depend upon the nature of the resistance surfaces with which the elements A and B are intended. to cooperate.

In order to locate the cutter-bar and hold it properly in all angular positions to which the auxiliary section or yoke 1 may be tipped, the stop-pins s are preferably tapered inwardly so that they may grip the circular inner walls of the valve-seats r and r properly in all. angular relations of the main elements of the tool, as cylindrical pins do not cooperate well with these an nular seats in all such positions. in some cases the valve-seats to be faced have inwardly projecting lugs some one of which may lie in such a position as to interfere with one of the stop-pins s and prevent the proper location of the tool unless some provision is made for avoiding such interference. For this reason the stops are preferably adjustable transversely of the auxiliary section or yoke i there being in the construction illustrated one adjustable pin at each side of the longitudinal axis of the yoke which pin may be located in any one of three holes, 26, in the cross-bar of the yoke. In case of interference between any stoppin and such a lug it is only necessary to shift such stop-pin from the hole which comes opposite the lug to the hole which is clear of it and the stop-pin will then engage the annular inner surface of the valve-seat properly.

The yoke g is shown as supported on the main section b of the element B, as by means of pivot-screws f, the axis of connection being adjacent to but transverse to the cutting axis, and hence the axis of connection is also close to the load-point of the lever. This yoke is preferably so shaped and so combined with the main element of the cutter-bar tl at the lower end or short arm of the main section 7) extends into the yoke and beyond the load-point of the lever and close to the fulcrum thereof, that is,to a

point adjacent to the cross-bar at the lower end of the yoke. Normally this yoke is substanti ally in a straight line with the main section b of the element B but it is adapted to be shifted to different positions crosswise of said element for the purpose of adapting the tool for proper and easy cooperation with valve-seats disposed at different distances apart and at various angles. In the tool of the second of our aforesaid applications the means for adjusting this auxiliary section or yoke in its various positions and holding it there is located near the point of connection of the main and auxiliary sections of the element ll, and the means used is such that it is not only difficult to get at when the facing tool is in positir a between a pair of valve-seats, but it also takes up considerable space crosswise of the tool and by projecting into the path of adjacent surfaces of the work reduces to a considerable extent the range of action of the tool.

The tool of the present application has means for adjusting the relative positions of the sections of the element B conveniently and from a point outside the work and without reducing the capacity or range of action of the tool by interference with other parts of the work; and the means employed. is also effective for maintaining any adjustment that may be made. The preferred means for bringing about the noses sary relative movements between the two' sections of the element B, that is, for shifting the yoke 3 in the construction'illustrated to various angular positions with respect to the element Z), preferably extends from a point at or near the extreme upper or outer end of the element B along the main section Z) lengthwise thereof into po sition for proper cooperation with said yoke; and this means is also preferably lo cated within, or substantially within, the inner stead of projecting a considerable distance outside of one of said faces as in the ad justing means of our second aforesaid application. The means for o ierating said yoke from a point outside the work may be any suitable for the purpose; A desirable means for effecting the necessary shifting movements is illustrated herein and comprises as its essential elements a slide, such as S, mounted on and movable lengthwise of the main section b of the cutter-bar, and suitable means, such as a screw-feed device, for shifting the slide lengthwise of the section Z) and holding it in any position to which it may be shifted. The slide S illustrated is a slide-frame here made up of two side-pieces, 27, and a cross-bar, 28, at the upper, that is, outer, end of the element B of the tool. This slide constitutes a frame slidable on the main section b of the element B, it being guided in this instance by and outer faces of the element B in V inwardly extending pins, 29, working in milled gui(le-.vays, 30, in the opposite outer edges of the element o near the upper end thereof, and by the smooth shank portions of the pivot-screws l, said side-pieces 2'? of the slide-frame S being slotted lengthwise at 31, adjacent to said screws 4 to permit the necessary movements. in the construction illustrated a right-line movement, to wit, that of the slide-frame S, is converted into a movement in a diflerent direction of the auxiliary section or yoke y, here into a swinging movement about the pivots 4. The connections for accomplishing this may be any suitable for the purpose, but are illustrated as embodying a pair oi camslots, 32, in the lower ends of the side-pieces 27 of the slide-frame, these cam-slots being obliquely disposed (see Fig. 5)v and adapted to receive a pair of pins, such as 34 m:- tending into the cam-slots from the inner faces of the yoke 2 near the pivot of movement of said yoke. t will be noticed that the means for translating the right-line movement of the slide into the swinging movement of the yoke is disposed in all relative positions of the parts Z) and y between the inner and outer faces of the part I), and that this is true also of every portion of the slide-l -ame S, that is in the Zone of the work, so that there is no projection from any portion of the means for shifting the yoke 2 to engage any part of the work and reduce the range 01 sidewise movement of the element B. As will be seen, the slidelt'rame S shown extends to the extreme upper or outer end of the element B (and indeed constitutes in eilect one element of the twopart frame that forms the main section b) and at said upper or outer end has a feed device for shifting the slide-frame S to difterent positions lengthwise of the main element of the part b. This feed device is designated generally by f and preferably is a feed-screw associated with the slide-frame S and the section b of the cutter on which said slide-frame is mounted in such a manner as to be operative for feeding said slide S back and forth on said section 7). Here this feed device is a longitudinally bored feed-screw, 35, working in a threaded opening in the cross-bar t at the upper end of the part b, said teed-screw being shown as having a smooth cylindrical shank where it passes through the cross-bar 28 of the slide-frame S and as held against longitudinal movement on said slide-frame by means of a stop-collar, 36, pinned to the smooth portion of the shank of the feedscrew, as indicated at 37. lhis connection, as will be clear, is similar to that for con necting the feed-screw 17 and the slideblock it for shifting the cutting axis of the tool and the load-point of the lever It will be noted that the long cylindrical shank the slide-block la is slidable in the central longitudinal bore of the hollow 'leed-screw 35 for the slide-i rame S and that the two feedscrews, though separately operative for bringing about, each independently of the other, the operation oi the parts controlled thereby, are disposed concentrically with a common longitudinal axis, which also that of the element B itself. The teed-screw f preferablyihas a knurled head, 38, similar to the knurled head 18 on the feed-screw 1? and located adjacent thereto, both being thus in a convenient position for no a nipulation and each near the other. The construction is such that the necessary adjustments of the parts controlled thereby may be readily made from the most convenient point in the tool, to wit, the extreme upper or outer end thereof farthest away from the work, and these movements are controlled with the greatest nicety and precision. An important advantage resulting from the use of these screw-feed devices is that the parts controlled thereby, to wit, the cutting axis v and load-point on the one hand, and the angular position of the yoke on the other, are held by the engaging screw-threads positively in any position to which they may be shifted.

It will be seen from the foregoing descrip tion that the principal adjustments required at the work for locating the tool with pro cision with respect to the surfaces to be refaced are of parts adjustable in position from a point wholly outside the work and from the most advantageous position. Moreover, it will be seen that though the different operating connections for effecting these principal adjustments are specifically quite different, each of the operating connections embodies a slide coi'itrollii'lg the point or member to be adjusted, and a screwteed for shifting that slide and maintaining it in any position to which it may be moved; and further that wholly di'llerent elements and movements affected by these respective screw-feed-operated slides are controlled from substantially the same point and by "devices located wholly on the main. member of the cutter-bar or lever B and having a common longitudinal axis coincident with that of said element 5. In addition to this it will be seen that from these controlling points disposed in the most favorable location outside the work, to wit, at the knurled heads 18 and 38 at the center of the outer end of the element B, movements are effected which bring about a change in the relations not only of the cutting axis lengthwrse ot the tool, and of the relative position of the point of contact of the ball-and-socket connection with respect to the resistance surfaces with which the tool is intended to co act, but also of the load and fulcrum points of the lever B with resi iect to each other both lengthwise and crossavise ot the lever, and also of the load, fulcrum and power points oil. said lever relatively to one another both lengthwise and crosswise o'l said lever through the lengthwise adjustment oi? the load-point and the crosswise adjustment of the fulcrum to diilerent angular relations with respect to said load and power points. Through these various adjustn'ients, all controlled from a common point, ch ia'es in the relations of the most vital ioints i the tool, to wit, the load, fulcrum and powe points (and through the load-want the location of theball-joint also) are eit'ected with an case and accuracy dillicult to obtain heretofore by an inexperienced workman or from a point not located wholly outside the work.

it will, be noticed til at all of the operating parts on the part ll are centered as far as possible with respect to both the llatwise and the crosswise plane of the element Z), and are confine; as tar as possible substantially within the limits ol. the four outer walls of the section Z) and the relatively thin side walls oil? the slide-frame lho shift-able power-point, for example, it will be seen, is located substantially at such center, the slide-block 8 carrying the sliiittable powerpoint having a. longitudinal here through which the smooth or shank portion (and indeed the threaded portion when necessary) ot the teed-screw 17 is tree to slide and turn without engaging the walls oil the bore in said slide.

it will oi course he clear that all of the points controlled by the knurled heads 18 and 38 may be sin'uiltaneously shifted when desired, as it is possible for the operator to 40 turn both of these knurled heads at the same time it he wishes to do so. As the range of vertical. shit't oil? the load-point is very considerable and a correspondingly wide angle of adjustment of the yoke e is obtainable in the construction illustrated, it will be clear that the cuttei.'-bar may be adjusted for proper cooperation with valve-seats of widely varying diameters disposed at widely varying distances apart and also at widely varying angles with respect to each other, irom parallelism to the maximum within the limits the tool. in all. positions the main sections are lZQP't close to parallelism with the valveseat or resistance surface with which the cutter-bar cooperates, and hence the axis 0:1": the hall element of the universal connection is also kept as near normal as possible.

A tool such as described herein has all of the advantages resulting from the constructions described in our aforesaid companion applications, and also has the various additional features 01": importance hereinbetore particularly described, chiei among which is l the ready manipulation of the parts and the making ot' the principal adjustments of the most vital points oil the tool readily from a point wholly outside the. work.

ll hat we claim is:

1. A. tool at the class described, comprising); two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is an associated cutter-bar having connected main and auxiliary sections shiitable to different relative angular positions, said cutter-bar having means e2;- te'ziding from said auxiliary section to a point on the main section outside the work for shiftingi; said :uutiliary section relatively to the main section.

2. A. tool of the clas described, comprising two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is an associated cutter-bar having; main and auxiliary sections relatively movable for varying the general direction of said cutter-bar with respect to the cutter which is near the inner end of the tool, said cutter-bar having means ere tending lengthwise of said main section from a point outside the work for shitting the auxiliary section relatively to the main section.

A tool of the class described, comprisinn,- two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is an associated cutterbar having connected main and auxiliary sections shiitable to different relative angular POSitlOn-S, said cutter-bar having means extending from said auxiliary section to a point on the main section outside the work for shitting said auxiliary section relatively to the main section, said means embodying a slide.

at. A tool of the class described, comprising two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is an associated cutter-bar haidng connected main and auxiliary sections shittablc to different relative angular positions, said cutter bar having a screwteed device extending to a point outside the work for shifting said auxiliary section relatively to said main section.

5. A tool of the class described, comprising two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is an associated cutter-bar having: connected main and auxiliary sec tions the latter 01 which is shittable to different positions crosswise of the cutter-bar, said cutter-bar having means on the main section and extending outside the zone of.

the work for shifting said auxiliary section to said positions.

6. A tool of the class described, comprising two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is an associated cutter-bar having connected main and auxiliary sections the latter of which is shiftable to different positions crosswise of the cutter-bar, said cutter-bar having means on the main section lying within the opposite faces of the same for shifting said auxiliary, section to said positions, and means for operating said shifting means.

I 7. A tool of the class described, comprising two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is an associated cutter-bar having connected main and auxiliary sections the latter of which is shiftable to different positions crosswise of the cutter-bar, said cutter-bar having means on the main section lying within the opposite faces of the same for shifting said auxiliary section to said positions, and means for operating said shifting means and holding it in its various positions.

8. A tool of the class described, comprising two main elements,one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is an associated cutter-bar having connected main and auxiliary sections shiftable to different relative angular positions, a slide on the main section for shifting the auxiliary section relatively to said main section, and a screw-feed associated with said slide at a point outside the work for operating said slide.

9. A tool of. the class described, comprising two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is an associated cutter-bar having connected main and auxiliary sections shiftable to different relative angular positions, a slide extending substantially from the outer end of said main section to the auxiliary section for shifting the latter relatively to the former, and a screw-feed associated with said slide at the outer end thereof for operating the same.

10. A tool of the class described, comprising two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is an associated cutter-bar having connected main and auxiliary sections the latter of which is shiftable to different positions crosswise of the cutter-bar, a slide on the main section and lying within the opposite faces thereof for shifting the auxiliary section to said positions, and means on the main section outside the work for operating said slide. 7

11. A tool of the class described, compristwo main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is an associated cutter-bar having pivotally connected main and auxiliary sections, and a slide on the main section having means for converting the move ment thereof into a swinging movement of said auxiliary section 12. A tool of the class described, comprising two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is an associated cutter-bar having pivotally connected main and auxiliary sections, and a slide on the main section having means within the opposite faces thereof for converting the movement of the slide into a swinging movement of said auxiliary member.

13. A tool of the class described, comprising two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is an associated cutter-bar having pivotally-connected main and auxiliary sections, a slide 011 the main section having means for converting the movement thereof into a swinging movement of said auxiliary member, and a screw feed connecting said slide and the outer end of said main section.

1%. A tool of the class described, comprising two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is an associated cutter-bar having a main member and a yoke pivotally connected thereto at opposite edges thereof, a slide-frame on the main section having means for converting the sliding movement of said frame into a swinging movement of the yoke, and a screwfeed for said slideframe.

15. A tool of the class described, comprising cutter, an associated cutter-bar having a main member and a yoke pivotally connected thereto at opposite edges thereof, a slide-frame on the main section lying substantially within the opposite faces thereof and having means between said faces for converting the sliding movement of said frame into a swinging movement of the yoke, and a screwfeed for said slide-frame.

16. A tool of the class described, comprising two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is a cutter-bar, a pivotal connection between said cutter and cutter-bar one element of which is carried by the latter, and means on the cutter-bar and extending outside the zone of the work for shifting said pivotal element.

17. A tool of the class described, comprising two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is a cutter-bar, a pivotal connection between said cutter and cutter-bar one element of which is carried by the latter, and means on the cutter-bar and extending outside the zone of the work for shifting said pivotal element lengthwise of the cutter-bar.

18. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, a cutter-bar, a pivotal connection between said cutter and cutter-bar one element of which is carried by the latter,

ing a cutter, a cutter-bar, a pivotal connection between said cutter and cutter-bar one element of which is carried by the latter, and a feed-screw extending from a point outside the zone of the work for shifting said pivotal element lengthwise of the cuttor-bar.

20. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, a lever, a pivotal connection between said cutter and lever one element of which is carried by the latter at the loadpoint, and means on said lever and extending outside the zone of the work for shifting said pivotal element and load-point.

21. A tool of the class described, comprising two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is a lever having main and auxiliary sections, a pivotal connection between said cutter and the main section of said lever one element of which is carried by said main section, and means on said main sec tion and extending outside the zone of the work for shifting said pivotal element.

22. A tool of the class described, comprising two main elements, one of which is a cutter and its operating means, and the other of which is a lever having main and auxiliary sections, a pivotal connection between said cutter and the main section of said lever one element of which is carried by said main section, and means on said main section and extending outside the zone of the work for shifting said pivotal element lengthwise of said main section.

23. A tool of the class described, co1nprising a cutter, a lever having main and auxiliary sections, a universal connection between said cutter and the main section of the lever one element of which is carried by said main section at a point between the ends of said auxiliary section, and means on said main section and extending outside the zone of the work for shifting said element of the universal connection to difierent positions between the ends of said auxiliary section.

24. A tool of the class described, co1npris ing a cutter, a lever embodying a main section and a yoke pivotally connected therewith into which the main section of the le ver extends, a universal connection between said cutter and the main section of the lever one element of which is carried by said main section at a point between the ends of said yoke, and means on said main section and extending outside the zone of the work for shifting said element of the universal connection to diflerent positions between the ends of said yoke.

25. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, a lever embodying a main section and a yoke pivotally connected therewith into which the main section of the lever extends, a universal connection betweensaid cutter and the main section of the lever one element of which is carried by said main section at a point between the ends of said yoke, and means on said main section and embodying a feed-screw extending to the upper end thereof for shifting said element of the universal connection to difierent positions between the ends of the yoke.

26. A tool of the class described, com prising a cutter, a cutter-bar, a pivotal connection between said cutter and cuttenbar, a slide on the cutter-bar carrying one ele ment of said connection, and a teed-screw extending from said slide to the upper end of said cutter-bar.

27. A tool of the classdescribed, comprising a cutter, a lever having main and auxiliary sections, a pivotal connection between said cutter and the main section of said lever, a slide on said main section carrying one element of said connection, and a feed-screw on said main section extending from said slide to the upper end of said section.

28. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, an associated cutter-bar having connected main and auxiliary sec tions the latter of which is shiftable to different positions crosswise of the cutter-bar, a pivotal connection between said cutter and the main section of said cutter-bar, a pair of slides on said main section one of which carries one element of said pivotal connection and the other of which is operative for shifting said auxiliary section to said positions, and means carried by said main section outside the zone of the work for shifting said slides.

29. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, a lever having pivotally connected main and auxiliary sections, a pivotal connection between said cutter and the main section of said lever, a pair of slides 011 said main section one of which carries one element of said pivotal connection and the other of which is operative for shifting said auxiliary section to different angular positions, and means carried by said main section outside the zone of the work for shifting said slides.

30. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, an associated cutter-bar having connected main and auxiliary sections the latter of which is shiftable to different positions crosswise of the cutter-bar, a pivotal connection between said cutter and the main section of said cutter-bar, a pair of'slides on said main section one of which carries one element of said pivotal connection and the other of which is operative for shifting said auxiliary section to said positions, and a pair of feed-screws carried by said main section and connected respectively with said slides.

31. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, an associated cutter-bar having connected main and auxiliary sections the latter of which is shiftable to different positions crosswise of the cutter-bar, a pivotal connection between said cutter and the main section of said cutter-bar, a pair of slides on said main section one of which carries one element of said pivotal connection and the other of which is operative for shifting said auxiliary section to said positions, and a pair of feed-screws carried by said main section and connected respectively with said slides and extending to the opposite end of said main section.

82. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, an associated cutter-bar having connected main and auxiliary sec tions the latter of which is shiftable to different positions crosswise of the cutter-bar, a pivotal connection between said cutter and the main section of said cutter-bar, a pair of slides on said main section one of which carries one element of said pivotal connection and the other of which is operative for shifting said auxiliary section to said positions, and a pair of concentric feedscrews carried by said main section and connected respectively with said slides.

33. A tool of the class described, com-, prising a cutter, a lever having main and auxiliary sections, a pair of slides on said main section near opposite ends thereof and carrying respectively the power and load points of said lever, and a feedscrew on said main section connected to the slide carrying said load-point and passing freely through a bore in the slide carrying said power-point.

34. A tool of the class described, comprising a rotary cutter, and a cutter-bar pivotally associated therewith near one of its ends and extending in a general direction transverse to the cutting axis and having means near its other end for shifting the position of said cutting axis relative to the cutter-bar.

35. A tool of the class described, comprising a rotary cutter, and a cutter-bar pivotally associated therewith near one of its ends and extending in a general direction trans verse to the cutting axis and having means of said cutting axis in a plurality of direc' tions relatively to the adjacent end of said cutter-bar.

36. A tool of the class described, comprising a rotary cutter, a lever pivotally associated therewith at its load-point, and means adjacent to the power-point of said lever for varying the relative positions of the load-point and fulcrum.

37. A tool of the class described, comprising a rotary cutter, a lever pivotally associated therewith at its load-point, and means adjacent to the power-point of said lever for varying the relative positions of the load-point and fulcrum lengthwise of the lever.

38. A tool of the class described, comprising a rotary cutter, a lever pivotally associated therewith at its load-point, and means adjacent to the power-point of said lever for varying the relative positions of the load-point and fulcrum lengthwise and crosswise of said lever.

39. A tool of the class described, com prising a rotary cutter and its operating means, a cutter-bar, and a pivotal connection between said cutter and cutter-bar and embodying an adjustable bearing element carried by one of said members.

A0. A tool of the class described, comprising a rotary cutter and its operating means, a cutter-bar, and a universal connection between said cutter and cutter-bar and embodying an adjustable connecting element carried by one of said members and having two main parts adjustable to dif ferent relative longitudinal positions and the maximum adjusted length of which is greater than that of either part.

41. A tool of the class described, comprising two associated main members one of which has a cutter and its operating means, and a pivotal connection between said members and embodying a telescopic bearing element carried by one of said members for varying the distance between said members.

42. A tool of the class described, .comprising two associated main members one of which has a cutter, and the other of which is a cutter-bar embodying main and auxiliary sections having a relative transverse movement, and a pivotal connection between said cutter and the main member of the cutter-bar said connection embodying a telescopic bearing element for varying the distance between said connected members.

43. A tool of the class described, comprising two associated main members one of which has a cutter and one of which carries a shiftable element of a pivotal connection for said members, and means on that main member by which said shiftable element of the pivotal connection is carried for adjusting said shiftable element to different positions from a point near the outer end of the tool.

44:. A tool of the class described, comprising two associated main members one of which has a cutter movable about an axis transverse to the tool and also has cutter-operating means and the other of which is a cutter-bar having at the end near the cutter a movable element shiftable to different positions from a point near the opposite end of the tool.

1-5. In a tool of the class described, a relatively long cutter-bar transverse to the cutting axis of the tool and having near its working end a movable elen'ient shiftable to different positions at the extreme working end of said tool from a point near the opposite end of the tool.

16. A tool of the class described, comprising two associated main members each of which has near the Working end thereof a movable ele1nentone of which is a cutterand each of which is disposed transversely to the axis of the cutter and has near its opposite end means for shifting said movable element one of said main members being the cutter and its operating means.

17. In a tool of the class described constructed to engage and work between two opposed resistance points, a pivotally movable cutter bar, a cutter pivoted thereon, said cutter bar having its pivot point arranged to engage one of the resistance points and being movable to vary the distance of the pivot point of the cutter from one of the resistance points, and means outside the zone of the cutter for shifting the pivot point of the cutter bar.

Signed by me, said THOMAS E. WILLIAMS at Orange, in the county of Franklin and State of Massachusetts, this 23d day of December A. D. 1914.

THOMAS B. WILLIAMS.

Witnesses FRED A. DEXTER, SIDNEY J. Wi-n'rn. Signed by me, the said FRANK L. SMITH at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, this fourth day of January A.

FRANK L. SMITH. Witnesses Gno. H. ST. CLAIR, N. W. HOPKINS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents Washington, D. C.

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