US1227500A - Facing-tool for dressing valve-seats, &c. - Google Patents

Description

, J. A. STUARD, F. L. SMITH & T. B. WILLIAMS.

FAClNG 'ITOOL FOR DRESSING VALVE SEATS, 8w.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. H, 1915.

Patented May 22, 1917.

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, F. L. SMITH (II T. B. WILLIAMS.

FACING TOOL FOR DRESSING VALVE SEATS, (Sac.

. A.STUARD APPLICATION FILED FEB. II. I916. 1,271,500. Patented May 22, 1917.

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NTE S nuns nrnnr onion JAMES A. STUARD, OF HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, FRANK L. SMITH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AND THOMAS B. WILLIAMS, OF ORANGE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THE LEA'VITT MACHINE COMPANY, OF ORANGE, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

FACING-TOOL FOR DRESSING VALVE-SEATS, 8w.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 22, 191?.

Application filed February 11, 1916. Serial No. 77,631.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, JAMES A. STUARD, FRANK L. SMITH, and THOMAS B. WILLIAMS, citizens of the United States, and residents, respectively, of Harrisburg, in the county of Dauphin and State of Pennsylvania, and Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, and'Orange, in the county of Franklin and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improve ments in Facing-Tools for Dressing Valve- Seats, &c., of which the following is a specification. i

This invention relates to a facing tool for dressing valve seats, etc., and particularly to a tool adapted for recutting valve-seats, etc., that have become worn or pitted as a result of long use, this class of tools being of a type especially adapted for attachment to a valve-casing and refacing a valve-seat in a pipe-line, or other location, in situ.

The present invention is especially adapted and intended, in one aspect thereof, as

an improvement upon similar tools disclosed in three prior applications of Thomas B. lVilliams and Frank L. Smith, filed J anuary 1915, Ser. Nos. 3,897, 3,898 and 3,899, respectively, and particularly the third of said cases. The principal feature common to the tools of all of said three applications is a tool having two main parts to wit, a cutter anda cutter-bar, in which the general direction of the tool is transverse to the cutting axis and which operates against or between two fixed resistance points or surfaces of'the work or article to which the tool is attached. In all of said tools an important feature of the construction is a pivotal or transverse connection between the aforesaid two main parts, this connection permitting relative adjustment of saic two main parts crosswise of the tool, and in addition adapting the tool when the connection is a universal" one, for operating upon valve-seats at an acute angle to each other. In the tools of all of said applications various important adjustments of parts for assuring the proper operation of the tool under many different conditions of use are provided for, and in the third of said applications, Ser. No. 3,899 provision is made for effecting said adjustments from the most convenient point, that is, from a cutter-bar,

point outside the valvecasing in which the cutter is intended to work, and preferably from the extreme outer end of the tool. The tool of the present application is one in which substantially all of the main features just recited are preferably retained.

The tool of the present applicationis however, distinguished from those of the applications just referred to in many respects. ln the first place it is a tool the cutter-bar of which is attached to the valve-casing in a radically different manner from the tools of any of said prior applications. In the present tool the points of attachment of the cutter-bar to the valve-casing are wholly within the casing and the attachment preferably results from wedging the lower end of the cutter-bar between the inner bottom wall of the casing and the upper side of the inner wall of the opening in the annular valve-seat, or other similarly located resistance point. Thus the present tool has its cutter-bar locatcdby a wedging action taking place between two walls in the interior of the valve-casing and in or close to the cutting zone. and this wedging action is brought about by 'n'oviding for a relative movement lengthwise of the cutter-bar between two holding elements carried by said cutter-bar. In the second place we provide a simple and improved means for adjusting the pivotal element carried by the cutter-bar in a direction crosswise of the cutterbar. In the third place we so construct the and the principal elements car ried thereby for holding the tool to the valveeasing and adjusting its pivotal. element in difierent directions, as to provide a substantially solid cutter-bar most of the operated and operating parts of which are contained to a large extent within'the boundaries of the bar proper and project but slightly therefrom, thus assuring the strongest and ,most solid type of construction capable of doing the work of a cutter-bar in a tool of the general class disclosed in this case.

Other features of our present invention not hereinbefore referred to will be hereinafter described and claimed and are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a facing tool embodying the present invention in operative relation with a pair of valve seats.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the device shown in Fig. 1, looking from the left in said view.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged elevation of the cutter-bar and parts carried thereby looking at the outer face of said bar.

Fig. 4 is an edge elevation of said cutterbar.

Fig. 5 is an elevation, similar to Fig. 3, looking at the inner face of the cutter-bar.

Figs. 6 and 7 are details illustrating respectively in vertical elevation with parts removed and in horizontal cross-section details of the operating devices for adjusting the positions of various parts on the cutterbar.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

Like the tools shown in the aforesaid applications the present tool is preferably one made up of two main parts connected by a pivotal or universal joint and disposed in a general direction transverse to the axis of rotation of the cutter and adapted for operation while in engagement with a plurality of resistance points or surfaces located outside the tool, that is, lying in the work or its equivalent. Like'said other tools this one is also one having comparatively thin main members in order that it may work in small spaces. The cutter is preferably, as in the aforesaid applications, a rotary cutter operated by a ratchet-feed lever connected to the cutter in such a manner that this main element as a whole occupies as little space as possible in the direction of its thickness.

The other main element of the tool, viz. the cutter-bar, is also very compact and is so constructed that it has the important advantage over the tools of the other ap plications aforesaid of practically inclosing suitable operatingmeans for effecting the various necessary adjustments of the main parts mounted on the cutter-bar while retaining the appearance of, and functioningsubstantially as, a solir and comparatively thin bar; and this substantially solid bar is preferably so made that it can be locked to the interior of a valve-casing, in proper position, for cooperating with an associated cutter-bar, by merely resting the foot of the bar on the inner bottom wall of the valve-casing and bringing a movable element on the bar into holding or Wedging engagement with another wall inside the valve-casing.

The two main elements of the present tool may be of any suitable construction coming Within the foregoing disclosure. They are preferably a ratchet-feed cutter of any suitable type. such as A, and a cutter-bar such as B. These two main elements will have a pivotal connection, usually a face-to-face connection, as by means of a ball-and-socket joint, E2-3, for permitting ready connection and disconnection of these main elements by movement substantially in a straight line crosswise of the tool. As in the other cases aforesaid this connection permits one main element to be inserted in the opening between a pair of valve-seats in a valvecasing in advance of the other and the second member afterward inserted and the complementary bearing elements then properly associated, as by merely inserting the ball part 2 in the socket 3 after these two elements have been located substantially in working position between a pair of opposed resistance surfaces, such as the valve-seats r and r, of the casing C. Such a universal connection as this of course permits relative tipping of the parts A and B to enable the cutting edges to face surfaces at widely varying angles.

The element A comprises a lever, 1, a cutter proper, o, and a ratchet-feed connection between said lever and cutter for converting oscillating movement of the lever about the cutting axis into a step-by-step rotation of the cutter proper. This cutter 0 preferably has a multiplicity of cutting blades or cutters proper, c, as in the aforesaid applications, the specific features of said ratchet-feed cutter being set forth more fully in a separate application filed by said -Williams and Smith January 23, 1915, Serial No. 3,900.

The main element B of this tool is, as before stated, a substantially solid bar readily insertible down into the valvecasing C and adapted to form a support for the cutter. Usually the two main parts A and B will engage directly and work between resistance points or surfaces such as those shown at 'r' and r, though when these surfaces are spaced at a considerable distance apart auxiliary means carried by the cutter-bar may be employed for engaging the surface with which it coacts. As in the aforesaid application the relative separation of these two main parts wedges them between the opposite resistance surfaces be tween which they work.

Suitable means must of course be employed for holding the two main elements A and B in proper working relation when the tool is in use; That employed in the present case differs greatly from the corresponding means of the aforesaid applications. Here, while the cutter-bar, as in said other tools, constitutes the principal means for locating the cutter in place, it is held in a direction lengthwise thereof in engagement with a plurality of points in the interior of a valve-casing C, this result being brought about by providing elements on the cutter-bar having relative movement lengthwise thereof, preferably in such a manner as to wedge them between two surfaces inside the casing, such for example as the bottom wall, to, of the valve-casing and the upper wall, 10, of the annular valve-seat 0. Thus by merely inserting the element B into the casing and bringing the foot f into engagement with such step wall to and then adjusting against the wall 10 a suitable holding element, such as 5, cooperative with the foot the cutter-bar may be wedged securely in place in a direction lengthwise thereof. W hen wedged tightly the cutter bar .will also be properly located in a direction crosswise thereof. The part 5 for engaging the inner surface of the annular valve-seat 7* should of course be suitably shaped for the purpose. It is here shown as a projection from the cutter-bar having a rounded upper surface and carried by and preferably integral with a slide, such as S, movable on suitable ways lengthwise of the cutter-bar B. This cutterdoar is shown as an open frame having side rails, 6, connected by upper and lower cross bars, 7 and 8, and said side rails have *ays on which the slide S is intended to move. By suitably adjusting the position of the slide 55 lengthwise of the cutter-bar it will be clear that the desired spacing of the parts 5 and f may be effected as desired for wedging the cutter-bar in place or releasing it from the interior of the valve-casing. The means for moving the holding slide S lengthwise of the cutter-bar and thereby adjusting the position of the holding element 5 relative to the foot of said bar is preferably a feedscrew, such as 10, extending lengthwise of the cutter-bar and passing into a longitudinal bore, 11, in the slide S. At its upper end this feed-screw is shown as held in place between a knurled head, 10 and a stop, 10, at opposite sides of a cross-bar, 12, between the upper and lower cross-bars of the cutterbar frame. This feed-screw, as will be obvious, provides for the adjustment of the slide S and also maintains any desired adjustment. The feed-screw 10 may be turned either by direct manipulation of the knurled head 10 or by means of a crank, such as 13, passed through openings, 7, and 10, in the cross-bar 7 and the knurled head 10, respectively. For the purpose of adapting the cutter-bar for use in valve-casings having valve-seats spaced far apart and f such a nature as to require auxiliary means for engaging a valve-seat we may employ such auxiliary means either at the movable or at the fixed holding point of the cutter-bar, or at both. Here we have shown a plurality of such auxiliary holding devices or stops, such as 14, in connection with the movable element, they being secured in this case to the slide S; and we have also shown a plurality of such auxiliary elements at the fixed holding point, these being indicated at 15. Usually these auxiliary devices will not be required. It is to be understood that when this auxiliary means is employed, the members 15 will engage below the valve seat in a manner similar to that illustrated in Fig. 1, while the members Ll will engage the insic e of the casing above the valve seat in a similar manner. 7

The pivotal element carried by the cutter-- bar for operatively associating the cutter and the cutter-bar is intended, as in the tools of the applications before referred to, to have suitable adjustment, preferably both lengthwise and crosswise of said cutter-bar. In the construction shown the pivot element 2 is located between the fixed and movable holding points 1 and 5 of the cutter-bar and is intended to be centered between them, usually after the cutter and cutter-bar have been wedged in place between the points w and '20. in order to accomplish this result we have shown the pivot element 2 mounted on a centering slide, fa, also carried preferably on the same ways as the slide 55 so as to move in the same plane as said slide. Suitable means, preferaltlly extending lengthwise of the cutter-bar and here shown as of the same general type as that employed for shifting the slide S, may be employed for effecting the desired movements of the slide S lengthwise of said bar. The means illus trated comprises a feed-screw, 16, the lower end of which is connected to the slide S in such a manner as to turn freely therein without moving lengthwise thereof, while the upper end is threaded in this case through both of the cross-bars 7 and 12 and a knurled head is provided at 16 for turning this feedscrew. The mode of operation will be obvious; and it will be equally obvious that this slide S. also will be maintained in any position to which it may be shifted. A very close and accurate adjust ment or centering of the pivot element 2 between the surfaces w and w is obtainable by the means just described.

Our present tool also embodies improved means on the cutter-bar for shifting or adjusting the pivotal element carried thereby in a direction crosswise of said cutter-bar and from a point outside of the valve-casing, preferably from the upper end of the cutter-bar. By providing such means the OPGCatCl is enabled to adjust the pivot element 2 crosswise of the bar at the beginning of operations to obtain a working relation between the parts A and B and the surfaces with which they cooperate; and he is also enabled to feed the cutter up to the Work as required by simply further operating said means for shifting the pivot element 2 crosswise of the bar. This last movement of the pivot element will of course be in a direction toward the cutter and should follow up the cutter as the chips are removed from the surface with which the cutters 0 are in contact.

The means preferred in the presenttool for effecting these movements or adjustments of the pivot element on the cutterbar in a direction crosswise thereof is similar to the operating means previously described for adjusting the slides S and S lengthwise of said cutter-bar. Here a third feed-screw is shown, at 17, as passing through the holding slide S (as does the feed-screw 16) and into the centering slide S. This feedscrew is illustrated as of the type in which a worm, 17, employed to turn a wormgear, such as 18, splined on the shank of the pivot element 2 so as to provide for relative movement between these two parts lengthwise of said shank while preventing relative turning movement. The shank of said pivot element is here shown as threaded and as passing through a correspondingly threaded bore in the slide S, the construction being such that when the worm-gear 18 is turned by the worm 17 of the feed-screw 17 the threaded shank of the pivot element will also turn, and by engagement with the threads of the threaded bore of said slide S will be moved crosswise of the cutter-bar, while the worm-gear 18 will be prevented from moving crosswise of said bar by the adjacent inner walls of said slide. Here, for convenieneeof assembling etc, the centering slide S is shown as divided substantially in the central flatwise plane of the cutter-bar and as held together and held on the ways of the side rails of the cutter-bar B by fastening devices, such as screws 20.

Both of the knurled heads 16 and 17 may be recessed or otherwise so formed as to be operable by means of a crank, 13, or a similar part. Here the feed-screw 17 is also shown as operable from the side or edge of the cutter-bar as well as from the upper end, gearing, such as 21 and 22, being shown for this purpose. The gear 21 is illustrated as splined on the feed-screw 17 which has a long key-way to permit relative longitudinal movement thereof; and the gear 22 is shown as having a knurled head or extension 22 for operation directly or by means of a crank such as 13.

As will be evident all of the operating parts of main element B are centered as far as possible between the planes of the front and. rear sides thereof. so that the element as a whole is almost a solid bar with but two necessary projections from the walls thereof. The operating devices are such that all of the holding, centering and feed adjustments are governed from the outside of the valve-casing and practically from a common location. to wit, at the upper end of the bar B. The range of use of the tool is substantially the same as that of most of the tools of the applications before men tioned, and of course the tool is adapted for reversal to face the opposite valve-seat, 7, after one valve-seat, such as 1', has been faced.

What We claim is:

1. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, an associated cutter-bar having at different points in the length thereof near the cutter a pair of relatively movable parts for engaging the interior of a valve-casing and holding the cutter-bar to said casing, and means for effecting a relative movement of said parts lengthwise of the cutter-bar.

2. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, an associated cutter-bar having at different points in the length thereof near the cutter a pair of relatively movable parts for engaging the interior of a valve-casing and holding the cutter-bar to said casing, and means carried by the cutter-bar and operable from a point adjacent to the end of the cutter-bar and remote from the cutter for effecting a relative movement of said parts lengthwise of the cutter-bar.

3. A tool of the class described, coinpris ing a cutter, an associated cutter-bar having at different points in the length thereof near the cutter a pair of relatively movable parts for engaging the interior of a valve-casing and holding the cutter-bar to said casing one of said parts being carried by a slide movable lengthwise of said cutter-bar, and means for shifting said slide to and maintaining it in any one of a plurality of different adjusted positions.

4:. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, an associated cutter-bar, and a movable element on the cutter-bar and shiftable lengthwise thereof and cooperative with the end of the cutter-bar nearest the cutter for engaging the interior of a valvecasing at two different points and holding the cutter-bar to said casing.

5. A tool of the class described, compris ing two main members one of which is a cutter and the other an associated cutterbar, means for holding said tool in place between a pairv of separated surfaces of a valve-casing, and means near the cutter for holding said cutter-bar to the interior of said valve-casing against movement in both directions lengthwise of the cutter-bar.

6. A tool of the class described, comprising two main members one of which is a cutter and the other an associated cutterbar, means for holding said tool in place between a pair of separated surfaces of a valve-casing, and means near the cutter for wedging said cutter-bar in place in the interior of said valve-casing against movement in both directions lengthwise of the cutter-bar.

7 A tool of the class described, compris ing two main members one of which is a cutter and the other an associated cutterbar, means for holding said tool in place between a pair of separated surfaces of a valve-casing, and means near the cutter for wedging said cutter-bar in place in the interior of said valve-casing in both directions lengthwise of the cutter-bar said means including a stop slidable lengthwise of said cutter-bar,

8. In a tool of the class described, a cutter-bar having at different points in the length thereof a pair of relatively movable stops for engaging the interior of a valvecasing and holding the cutter-bar to said casing, means for eifecting a relative movement of said stops lengthwise of the cutterbar, and a cutter mounted on said cutterbar. l 9. In a tool of the class described, 2i cutter-bar having at difierent points in the length thereof a pair of relatively movable stops for engaging the interior of a valvecasing and holding the cutter-bar to said casing one of which stops is a fixed element and the other of which is carried by a slide movable lengthwise of said cutter-bar, means for adjusting and holding said slide, and a cutter mounted on said cutter bar.

10. In a tool of the class described, a cutter-bar having at different points in the length thereof a pair of relatively movable stops for engaging the interior of a valvecasing and holding the cutter-bar to said casing, means for efiecting a relative movement of said stops lengthwise of the cutterbar from a point near the outer end of the cutter-bar, and a cutter mounted on said cutter bar.

11. In a tool of the class described, a cutter-bar having at different points in the length thereof a pair of relatively movable stops for engaging the interior of a valvecasing and holding the cutter-bar to said casing, one of which stops is a fixed element and the other of which is carried by a slide movable lengthwise of said cutter-bar, a feed-screw connected to said slide and disposed lengthwise of said cutter-bar, and a cutter mounted on said cutter bar.

12. In a tool of the class described, a cutter-bar having at different points in the length thereof a pair of relatively movable stops for engaging the interior of a valvecasing and holding the cutter-bar to said casing, one of which stops is a fixed element located at the working end of said cutterbar and the other of which is carried by a slide movable lengthwise of the cutter-bar, means for adjusting and holding said slide, and a cutter mounted on said cutter bar.

13. A tool of the class described comprising a cutter and a cutter-bar having a pivotal connection, and means on the cutter-bar for imparting to the element of the pivotal connection carried thereby a movement transverse to the cutter-bar and from a point distant from said pivotal connection, said means including meshing gears.

14. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter and a cutter bar having a universal connection one element of which is threaded into a member carried by the cut ter-bar, and means on the cutter-bar and operable from a point distant from said universal connection for turning the threaded element thereof to adjust it in a direction crosswise of the cutter-bar.

15. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter and a cutter-bar having a pivotal connection, a slide on said cutter-bar and carrying one element of said connection, and means on the cutter-bar for adjusting said slide lengthwise thereof and for adjusting crosswise thereof the pivotal element carried by said cutter-bar.

16. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter and a cutter-bar having a pivotal connection, a slide on said cutter-bar and carrying one element of said connection, and means on the cutter-bar for adjusting said slide lengthwise thereof and for adjusting crosswise thereof the pivotal element carried by said cutter-bar, said means embodying a pair of feed-screws disposed lengthwise of said cutter-bar and separately operable from a point distant from said pivotal connection.

17. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, an associated cutter-bar having at different points in the length thereof a pair of relatively movable parts for engaging the interior of a valve-casing and holding the cutter-bar to said casing and also having a pivotal connection with said cutter, and means for effecting a relative movement of said first two parts carried by the cutter-bar in a direction lengthwise of the cutter-bar and for effecting a movement of said pivotal connection relative to the cutter bar.

18. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, an associated cutter-bar having at diiferent points in the length thereof a pair of relatively movable parts for engag ing the interior of a valve-casing and hold ing the cutter-bar to said casing and also having a pivotal connection with said cutter, and means for effecting a relative movement of said first two parts carried by the cutterbar in a direction lengthwise of the cutterbar and for effecting a movement of said pivotal connection lengthwise of the cutterbar relative to said first two parts.

19. A tool of the class described, comprising acutter, an associated cutter-bar having at difierent points in the length thereof a pair of relatively movable parts for engaging the interior of a valve-casing and holding the cutter-bar to said casing and also having a pivotal connection with said cutter, and means for effecting a relative move ment of said first two parts carried by the cutter-bar in a direction lengthwise of the cutter-bar and for effecting a movement of said pivotal connection crosswise of the cutter-bar.

20. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, an associated cutter-bar hav ing at different points in the length thereof a pair of relatively movable parts for engaging the interior of a valve-casing and holding the cutter-bar to said casing and also having a pivotal connection with said cutter, and means for effecting a relative movement of said first two parts carried by the cutter-bar in a direction lengtlnvise of the cutter bar and for effecting a movement of said pivotal connection lengthwise of the cutter-bar relative to said first two parts and also crosswise of said cutter-bar.

21. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, an associated cutter-bar having at different points in the length thereof a pair of relatively movable parts for engaging the interior of a valve-casing and hold ing the cutter-bar to said casing and also having a pivotal connection with said out ter at a point between said relatively movable parts, and means for effecting a relative movement of said first two parts carried by the cutter-bar in a direction lengthwise of the cutterbar and for effecting a movement of said pivotal connection between and rela tive to said first two parts.

22. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter, an associated cutter-bar having at different points in the length thereof a pair of relatively movable parts for engaging the interior of a valve-casing and holding the cutter-bar to said casing and also having a pivotal connection with said cutter at a point between said relatively movable parts, and means for effecting a relative movement of said first two parts carried by the cutter-bar in a direction lengthwise of the cutter-bar and for effecting movements of said pivotal connection in a plurality of directions between and relative to said first two parts.

23. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter and a'cutter-bar having a pivotal connection, a, holding slide movable lengthwise of the cutter-bar and carrying an element for holding said cutter-bar to a valve-casing, a centering slide also movable lengthwise of said cutter-bar and carrying an element of the pivotal connection, and means for shifting said slides lengthwise of the cutter-bar independently of each other and for maintaining them in the positions to which they are shifted.

24:. A tool of the class described, comprising a cutter and a cutter-bar having a pivotal connection, a holding slide movable lengthwise of the cutter-bar and carrying an element for holding said cutter bar to a valve-casing, a centering slide also movable lengthwise of said cutter-bar in the same plane as the holding slide and carrying an element of said pivotal connection, and means for shifting said slides lengthwise of the cutter-bar.

25. A tool of the classdescribed, comprising a cutter and a cutter-bar having a pivotal connection, a holding slide movable one element of the pivotal connection also movable lengthwise of said cutter-bar, and means for shifting said slides lengthwise of the cutter-bar said means including a pair of feed-screws one of which passes through one of said slides and into the other.

27. In a tool of the class described, a cut ter-bar having a holding device movable lengthwise thereof for engaging the interior of a valve-casing, a pivotal elementadapted for cooperation with a cutter and movable relatively to the cutter-bar and a plurality of separate means on said cutter-bar and having a general direction lengthwise thereof for imparting said movements to said holding device and pivotal element.

28. In a tool of the class described, a cutter-bar having a holding device movable lengthwise thereof for engaging the interior of a valve-casing, a pivotal element adapted for cooperation with a cutter and movable both lengthwise and crosswise of the cutterbar, and three separate means on said cutterbar and having a 'eneraldirection lengthwise thereof for efiecting said three movements of the holding device and the pivotal element.

29. In a tool of the class described, a cutter-bar, a centering slide on said cutter-bar and movable lengthwise thereof, a pivotal element carried by said slide and disposed transversely thereof, an operating rod extending lengthwise of said cutter-bar, and a pair of meshing gears connecting said operating rod and pivotal element.

30. A tool of the class described, comprising two main members one of which is a cutter and another an associated cutter-bar, andmeans for holding said tool in place between a pair of separated surfaces of a valvecasing said means embodying a stop on the cutterbar adjustable crosswise thereof.

31. A tool of the class described, comprising two main members one of which is a cutter and another an associated cutter-bar, and means for holding said tool in place between a pair of separated surfaces of a valve-casing said means embodying a slide movable lengthwise of the cutter-bar and a stop on the slide adjustable crosswise of said cutter-bar.

32. A tool of the class described, comprising two main members one of which is a cutter and another an associated cutter-bar, and means for holding said tool in place between a pair of separated surfaces of a valve-casing said means embodying a slide movable lengthwise of the cutter-bar, a stop on the slide adjustable crosswise of said out ter-bar, and a stop mounted directly on the cutter-bar and adjustable crosswise thereof.

33. A tool of the class described comprising a cutter, and an associated cutter bar Signed by said FRANK L. SMITH at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, this 4th day of February, A. D.

FRANK L. SMITH.

Signed by the said THOMAS E. WILLIAMS at Orange, in the county of Franklin and State of Massachusetts, this 26th day of January, A. D. 1916.

THOMAS E. WILLIAMS.

Witness:

FRED A. DEXTER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

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