US1227057A - Smoke-preventer. - Google Patents

Description

H. G. KOSEL.

SMOKE PREVENTER. APPLICATION FILED JUNE], I915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

O 0 O O O 0 0 O O Patented May 22, 1917.

* UNITED sTA ES; PATENT oFFroE.

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To all whom it may concern: Q I

Be it known that *L'HENRY G.-KosEL, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York,in the county of Bronx and State ofNew York,'have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Smoke-Pre- Venters, of which. the following is a specification.

This invention relates to means'for' pretlon of the apparatus of Fig. 1, showing the means for gradually cuttingoff' action of venting the generation of smoke. when firing boilers, stoves, furnaces and the like and is particularly applicable to the first mentioned class.

' The number of municipal governments adopting smoke nuisance laws is increasmg each year and many manufacturers are now compelled to pay heavy fines when smoke is produced intheirheating plants and issued from the stacksand chimneys thereof. This is particularly true when the boiler, furnace or the like is freshly fired since the attendant combustion ofthe new fuel is so rapid as to exhaust the available supply of oxygen, so that the carbon liberated from' the fuel passes up the chimney flues as smoke. I I

It is, accordingly, contemplated as a principal object of this invention to' provide means-for increasing. the supply of oxygen in the combustion chambers'of boiler plants or furnaces and to particularly adapt such means tosupply the increased oxygen at the timeof placingnew fueljin the fire box.

It is'a'correlated object, andof equal importance, to provide means for limiting the time of operation of the oxygen supply means to thosejperiods immediately following each fresh firing of the boiler, such limiting meansautomatically operating to grad the supply of oxygen after a.

ually cut' ofi v sufficient amount has been introduced withln the'combustion chamber'to take careof the heavy combustion following the addition of fresh fuel, so thata continual supply of oxygen will not be provided as this would'unduly exhaust the fuel at normal times.

' The above andadditional objects which will become apparentas this explanatory description proceeds, are accomplished by such means as are'illus'tratedin the accompany,- ing drawings, described inthe followlng specification and then more c particularly pointed out inthe claim which is appended hereto' andferms a part of this. application.

With reference to the drawings, wherein' there is illustratedfthe preferred embodistructure for the boiler.

Figure -1 1s a sectional view taken longi-- tudinally through a boiler mounting and showing the device of this invention applied- I thereto,

Fig. 2 is a sectional enlargement of a porsection, of the means for mounting the control cylinder of Fig. 2, and

. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail View of the control piston. w d

' With reference to acter Ais employed to designate a boiler which is here shown as being of the ,fire tube? variety, although it will bereadily apparent that the means presented by this 'invention to accomplish the objects previously specified are equally applicable to other Patented May 22, 1917.

Application filed June 7, 1915. Serial No. 32,713.

the drawings, the chartypes of boilers and, toy the different classes offurnaces, stoves and other heaters; The boiler A is supported upon the usual fire boxwalls w i py thecustomry1w sition with respect to the supporting brick A- front wall 12 for the support of the flue sheet 13 and'the necessary uptake connects the forward edges of the fire box walls while the usual rear wall (not shown) completes the inclosure. The front wall 12 is apertured to provide the customary coaling and oleanout openings 14 and 15 which may be provided with doors or'closures of the usual'character and which communicate respectively with the grate bed and with the ash pit. A bridge wall 16 extends transversely at the rear of the ash pit and'the fire box to form a combustion chamber 17 while a grate 18 is supported between the front wall 12 and the bridge wall 16. I V

The foregoing is of the customary construction in the main, and a-particular application of the present invention to such a structure'is now tobeipointed out.- A supplementary bridge wall 19 is built directly behind the usual bridge wall 16 in such manner as-to providean air space 20 therebetween. 'The' top 21 of this supplementary -wall and thatof the opposed bridge wall are so formed as to provide a rearwardly inclined passage 21 discharging into the combustion chamber 17 and it is through this channel that the additional oxygen is conveyed to such chamber. The bridge wall is formed with an air inlet opening 22 provided with a closure 23 which is hinged to open upwardly as shown at 24 in such man ner as to control communication between the ash pit and the combustion chamber by way of the air space 20. Directly opposite the air inlet 22 an aperture 25 is formed in the supplementary bridge wall, the upper portion of the wall over this aperture being supported by retaining bars 26 which are secured together through the medium of bolts 27. The bricks which fill the aperture 25 should be loosely placed within the wall 19 in order to be removed when it is desired to clean out the air inlet and conduit from the flue ashes which will naturally collect.

The means for automatically limiting the period ofcopening for the air inlet closure 23 includes a bell crank lever 28 pivoted in a bracket 29 secured to the front wall 12 immediately above the ash-pit opening 15, a connecting rod 30 between the extremity of one arm of said lever and the lower end of door 23, and the check cylinder 31 as an entirety for controlling the movement of the lever. The cylinder 31 is fitted at each extremity with a removable cap 32 upon the lowermost of which is formed a single pivoting car 33 for reception within a yoke 34 provided at the extremity of a bracket 35, secured to the wall 12 below the ash pit opening 15 as shown in Fig. 1. The cylinder 31 is thus pivotally mounted to take up the rotary motion incident to a direct connection between the other arm of lever 28 and the piston rod 36 of the cylinder, such rod being slidable through the usual stufling box carried by the uppermost cylinder cap 32.

This rod 36 is hollow, see Fig. 5, and is threaded at each extremity. The inner end carries a leather piston head 37 which is supported between a pair of metallic washers 38, all being maintained upon the piston extremity by lock nuts 39. The opposite end of the piston has threaded thereon an eyelet carrying cap 40 whereby pivotal connection shown at 41 between the piston and the lever 28 may be readily made. Near the lower threaded portion of the piston rod there are formed a plurality of apertures 12 shown as elongated slots and communicating with the interior of the piston rod. This rod also has slots 43 communicating with the interior of the piston rod but shorter than the first mentioned slots. A valve t-it closes the lower end of the piston rod, said end being beveled to properly seat the valve in the usual manner. A valve stem 45 extends upwardly into the piston rod and is provided with a head 46 adapted to contact with the inner walls of the piston rod in order to properly guide the valve to its seat while a pair of cross arms 47 are carried by the stem and project into the slots 13 in order to limit the up and down movement of the valve. As shown in Fig. 2, a bypass 48 of a much reduced bore as compared with the cylinder connects opposite extremities of the latter upon opposite sides of the piston head 37 for the purpose which will later be more fully set forth. A valve 19 is interpositioned upon this bypass for the obvious purpose of controlling communication therethrough.

In operation, a weight 50 is provided upon the extremity of the arm of lever 28, with which the piston rod 36 is connected and is adjustably mounted by any suitable means to provide a varying leverage whereby 'to overcome the constant resistance of the fluid within the gradual-return cylinder. The cylinder is filled with glycerin, oil or a similar desirable fluid adapted to retard the downward movement of the piston 37 and automatically act as a check upon movement of the closure 23 at the time of coaling the fire. At the time of adding the fresh fuel which usually causes the heavy black smoke fumes which this invention is designed to prevent, the fireman raises the lever 28 to that position shown in Fig. 1. This operation permits the glycerin oil with which the body of the cylinder is filled to flow through the apertures 42 against the valve 14: and into the lower part of the cylinder displacing the valve from its seat. When the fireman has raised the lever to its uppermost position and has released it, the closure 23 will be wide open owing to the connection between said lever 28 and the closure and air will be admitted to the combustion chamber through the inlet 22 and air channel 20 and its deflected outlet 21, supplying the additional oxygen at the time when most needed to cause complete combustion and prevent the formation of the smoke. It is desirable, however, that this closure 23 should gradually out off the air supply in order not to waste fuel and this is done through the medium of the extremity of the lever 28, serves to depress the. cylinder piston. Resistance of the glycerin oil is encountered by the piston head 37 "which seats valve 44. The only escape of the oil is by way of the bypass 48 and since the bore of this bypass is so comparatively small (and may be made smaller by means of the valve 19) the oil in flowing from the lower to the upper side ofthe piston occupies a much longer time than when the piston is traveling upwardly. By this means closure of the door 23 is rendered weight 50, which, at theas gradual a sit is positive, it beingonly necessary to provide a weight .50 of sufli-, cient mass, and vary the diameter of the c by-pass by regulatingvalve 49. 1

While in the foregoing however, there has thus been illustrated in'the drawings, and described in'the specification such combination and arrangement of elements as constitute the preferred embodiment of this invention, it is desired to emphasize the fact that such lminor changes in the matters of the'openings in said bridge wall and ashpit being substantially in longitudinal'aline--- ment of an outwardly 'andupwardly swinglng closure liOI'SEtldbI'ldQ'Q wall opening, a

bell crank fulcrumedto swing in a vertical plane outsideisaid furnace above said ash-pit opening, a rod connectlng the lower free end of said closure withthe free end of the lower arm of saidbellcrank, said rod beingof a'length to open said closure when the bell crank is swung upwardly and to close it on the downwardmovement of said bell crank forming a positive opening and clos- Copies of this patentimay be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

ash-pit with an 531 device for the closure and by means of which-the closure is held firmly seated over said opening until'the bell crank is manuallyf raised, a bracket extending from the front wall of said furnace belowsaid vash pit openingand in vertical alinement with said bell crank, a cylinder closed at both ends and pivotally mounted on said bracket, a piston operable in said cylinder and having a'rod extending through its upper end, the outer end of said rod being pivotally and directly connected with the upper arm of said bell crank at a point between the ends thereof, a weight adjustable on said bell crank upper arm in advance of its piv-t otal connection with said rod to automatically move said piston into said cylinder,

and means in said cylinder for retarding the movement of said piston in one direction and'permitting it to move freely in the'opposite direction to provide for the free opening of said closure by the lifting of said zbell crank and its automatic gradual closing, said cylinder being pivoted on said bracket to adapt it to take up rotary motion inci-' dent to'the direct connection between its piss ton rod and said lever.

In testimony whereof I afliX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

V HENRY Gr. KOSEL.

a Witnesses:

" JOSEPH BH N,

- 'Mosn KLIMBERG.-

Washington, D. 0.

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